| 영문 | Gram stain | 한글 | 그람염색 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 미생물을 염색하는 방법 중의 하나. 1884년 덴마크의 의사 H.C.J. 그람(1853~ 1938)이 고안한 특수 염색법이다. 이 염색법을 사용하면 미생물은 양성균과 음성균의 2무리로 크게 나뉜다. 염색법은 균을 유리면에 바르고 가열 고정한다. 젠시안바이오렛, 크리스탈 바이오렛, 메틸바이오렛 등 파라로즈 아닐린계 색소의 어느 하나를 사용하여 우선 염색하고 이어서 루골액을 작용시킨 뒤, 에탄올 또는 아세톤으로 탈색한다. 이때 탈색되지 않고 보라색을 타나내는 것을 그람양성균이라 부르며, 포도알균-폐렴알균-사슬알균 등이 대표적인 예이다. 탈색되면 그람음성균이라 부르며, 대장균-녹농균 등이 있다. 최후에 사프라닌, 푹신 등 적색계의 색소액으로 후염색을 한다. 미생물의 감별에 중요한 염색법이며 염색성의 차이는 영양요구성, 화학요법제(항생물질 등)에 대한 감수성의 차이와도 관련되는 점이 많으므로 사용약제의 선택시에도 중요한 역할을 한다. 그람양성균과 음성균의 차이는 세균벽의 구조에 있는데, 양성균은 세포막의 바깥쪽 펩티드글리칸이라는 당단백질층의 두께가 20~80nm나 되고, 그램음성균의 펩티드글리칸 층은 2~3nm로 얇고, 다시 바깥쪽에 외막이라 부르는 층이 있다. |
||
| VG | van Gieson [stain]; ventricular gallop; volume of gas |
|---|---|
| AFB Stain | Acid Fast Bacilli Stain |
| HE stain | Hematoxylin-Eosin stain |
| WS | Waardenburg syndrome; ward secretary; Warkany syndrome; Warthin-Starry [stain]; water soluble; water... |
| CO | 1) Cardiac Output = Stroke Volume x HR Stroke Volume 결정인자<... |
| PWS | Port Wine Stain |
|---|---|
| VHL | Van Hippel-Lindau disease |
| VWS | Van der Woude syndrome |
| VAN | Vancomycin |
| V(w) | van der Waals volume |
| van Ermengen's stain | <technique> A method for staining flagella which utilises glacial acetic acid, osmic acid, tannic acid, silver nitrate, gallic acid, and potassium acetate. (05 Mar 2000) |
|---|
| van Ermengen, Emile | <person> Belgian bacteriologist, 1851-1932. See: van Ermengen's stain. (05 Mar 2000) |
|---|---|
| van Gieson's stain | <technique> A mixture of acid fuchsin in saturated picric acid solution, used in collagen staining. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Allen, Edgar Van Nuys | <person> U.S. Physician, 1900-1961. See: Allen's test. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Canavan-van Bogaert-Bertrand disease | Autosomal recessive degenerative disease of infancy; mostly in Jewish infants; onset typically within first 3-4 months of birth, consisting of blindness, psychomotor regression, enlarged head, optic atrophy, hypotonia, spasticity, increased N-acetylaspartic acid urinary excretion. MRI shows enlarged brain, decreased attenuation of cerebral and cerebellar white matter, and normal ventricles. Pathologically, there is increased brain volume and weight, and spongy degeneration in the subcortical white matter. See: leukodystrophy. Synonym: Canavan's sclerosis, Canavan-van Bogaert-Bertrand disease, spongy degeneration of infancy. (05 Mar 2000) |
| van | The front of an army; the first line or leading column; also, the front line or foremost division of a fleet, either in sailing or in battle. "Standards and gonfalons, twixt van and rear, Stream in the air." (Milton) Origin: Abbrev. Fr. Vanguard. 1. A fan or other contrivance, as a sieve, for winnowing grain. 2. [OF. Vanne, F. Vanneau beam feather (cf. It. Vanno a wing) fr. L. Vannus. See Etymology above] A wing with which the air is beaten. "[/Angels] on the air plumy vans received him. " "He wheeled in air, and stretched his vans in vain; His vans no longer could his flight sustain." (Dryden) Origin: L. Vannus a van, or fan for winnowing grain: cf. F. Van. Cf. Fan, Van a wing Winnow. <chemical> A shovel used in cleansing ore. Origin: Cornish. <chemical> To wash or cleanse, as a small portion of ore, on a shovel. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| van Bogaert encephalitis | <neurology> Chronic progressive illness seen in children a few years after measles infection and involving demyelination of the cerebral cortex. Virus apparently persists in brain cells: usually considered a slow virus disease. (18 Nov 1997) |
| van Bogaert, Ludo | <person> 20th century Belgian neurologist. See: Canavan-van Bogaert-Bertrand disease, van Bogaert encephalitis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| van Buchem, Francis Steven Peter | <person> Dutch internist, *1897. See: van Buchem's syndrome. (05 Mar 2000) |
| van Buchem's syndrome | <syndrome> An inherited skeletal dysplasia, with mandibular enlargement and thickening of the diaphyses and calvaria, and increased serum alkaline phosphatase; autosomal recessive inheritance. Synonym: generalised cortical hyperostosis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| van Buren's disease | A disease of unknown cause in which there are plaques or strands of dense fibrous tissue surrounding the corpus cavernosum of the penis, causing deformity and painful erection; sometimes associated with Dupuytren's contracture. Synonym: penile fibromatosis, van Buren's disease. (05 Mar 2000) |
| van Buren sound | A standard sound, available in several calibers, with a gently curved tip designed to follow the contour of the deep bulbous urethra in the male; used for urethral calibration or dilation. (05 Mar 2000) |
| van Buren, William | <person> U.S. Surgeon, 1819-1883. See: van Buren sound, van Buren's disease. (05 Mar 2000) |
| van Creveld, S | <person> Dutch paediatrician, *1894. See: Ellis-van Creveld syndrome. (05 Mar 2000) |
| van Deen, Izaak | <person> Dutch physiologist, 1804-1869. See: van Deen's test. (05 Mar 2000) |
| van Deen's test | Glacial acetic acid, gum guaiac solution, and hydrogen peroxide are added to an aqueous suspension of the suspected stain; if occult blood or blood pigment is present, a blue colour develops. Synonym: guaiac test, Schonbein's test, van Deen's test. (05 Mar 2000) |
제품명 |
판매사 |
보험코드 | 성분/함량 | 구분/보험급여 |
|---|
제품명 |
판매사 |
보험코드 | 성분/함량 | 구분/보험급여 |
|---|