| HofF | height of fundus |
|---|---|
| ELM | external limiting membrane; extravascular lung mass |
| FLS | fatty liver syndrome; Fellow of the Linnean Society; fibrous long-spacing [collagen]; flow-limiting ... |
| ILM | insulin-like material; internal limiting membrane |
| LIC | left internal carotid [artery]; limiting isorrheic concentration; local intravascular coagulation |
| VHL | Van Hippel-Lindau disease |
|---|---|
| VWS | Van der Woude syndrome |
| VAN | Vancomycin |
| V(w) | van der Waals volume |
| DLT | Dose limiting toxicities |
| van't Hoff's law | In stereochemistry, all optically active substances have one or more multivalent atoms united to four different atoms or radicals so as to form in space an unsymmetrical arrangement, the osmotic pressure exerted by any substance in very dilute solution is the same that it would exert if present as gas in the same volume as that of the solution; or, at constant temperature, the osmotic pressure of dilute solutions is proportional to the concentration (number of molecules) of the dissolved substance; i.e., the osmotic pressure, π, in dilute solutions is π = RTσci, where R is the universal gas constant, T is the absolute temperature, and ci is the molar concentration of solute i, the rate of chemical reactions increases between two-and three-fold for each 10°C rise in temperature. (05 Mar 2000) |
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| van't Hoff, Jacobus | <person> Dutch chemist and Nobel laureate, 1852-1911. See: van't Hoff's equation, van't Hoff's law, van't Hoff's theory, Le Bel-van't Hoff rule. (05 Mar 2000) |
| van't Hoff's equation | Equation for osmotic pressure of dilute solutions. See: van't Hoff's law. For any reaction, d(ln Keq/d(1/T) equals -dH/R where Keq is the equilibrium constant, T the absolute temperature, R is the universal gas constant, and dH is the change in enthalpy; thus, plotting ln Keq vs. 1/T allows the determination of dH. (05 Mar 2000) |
| van't Hoff's theory | That substances in dilute solution obey the gas laws. Compare: van't Hoff's law. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Le Bel-van't Hoff rule | The number of stereoisomers of an organic compound is 2n where n represents the number of asymmetric carbon atoms (unless there is an internal plane of symmetry). A corollary of their simultaneously announced conclusions, in 1874, that the most probable orientation of the bonds of a carbon atom linked to four groups or atoms is toward the apexes of a tetrahedron, and that this accounted for all then-known phenomena of molecular asymmetry (which involved a carbon atom bearing four different atoms or groups). See: stereoisomerism. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Abbe's law of limiting resolution | <physics> For a periodic structure of units separated by distance d and obliquely illuminated by the unrefracted ray and one of the two diffracted rays (extremely oblique illumination). Abbe applied the law of diffraction: d = 0.5 lambda /NA, where: lambda = wavelength of the monochromic light or shortest of mixed wavelengths NA = the limiting numerical aperture (NA) of objective or condenser. (05 Aug 1998) |
| van der Kolk's law | In a mixed nerve, the sensory fibres are distributed to the parts moved by the muscles controlled by the motor fibres. (05 Mar 2000) |
| anterior limiting layer of cornea | A transparent homogeneous acellular layer, 6 to 9 um thick, lying between the basal lamina of the outer layer of stratified epithelium and the substantia propria of the cornea; considered to be a basement membrane. Synonym: lamina limitans anterior corneae, anterior elastic layer, Bowman's membrane, lamina elastica anterior, limiting layers of cornea. (05 Mar 2000) |
| anterior limiting ring | The periphery of the cornea marking the termination of Descemet's membrane and the anterior border of the trabecular meshwork; an important landmark in gonioscopy. Synonym: Schwalbe's ring. (05 Mar 2000) |
| rate-limiting step | <biochemistry> The slowest step in a metabolic pathway, or the step in an enzymatic reaction that requires the greatest amount of energy to initiate. (17 Dec 1997) |
| glial limiting membrane | A dense, resilient membrane forming the true capsule of the brain and spinal cord, composed of the processes of astrocytes (macroglia cells) and covered throughout by the pia mater, which firmly adheres to it; the two membranes are collectively called the pial-glial membrane. Synonym: membrana limitans gliae. (05 Mar 2000) |
| posterior limiting layer of cornea | A transparent homogeneous acellular layer between the substantia propria and the endothelial layer of the cornea; considered to be a highly developed basement membrane. Synonym: lamina limitans posterior corneae, membrana vitrea, Descemet's membrane, Duddell's membrane, entocornea, hyaloid membrane, lamina elastica posterior, limiting layers of cornea, membrana hyaloidea, posterior elastic layer, tunica vitrea, vitreous membrane. (05 Mar 2000) |
| internal limiting membrane | Formed by the expanded inner ends of Muller's fibres, outer limiting membrane, not a membrane but a row of junctional complexes. Synonym: membrana limitans. (05 Mar 2000) |
| limiting angle | The angle of incidence at which a ray of light, in passing between two media, changes from refraction to total reflection. Synonym: limiting angle. (05 Mar 2000) |
| limiting factor | Environmental factor that limits the growth or activities of an organism or that restricts the size of a population or its geographical range. (09 Oct 1997) |
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