| 영문 | Gram stain | 한글 | 그람염색 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 미생물을 염색하는 방법 중의 하나. 1884년 덴마크의 의사 H.C.J. 그람(1853~ 1938)이 고안한 특수 염색법이다. 이 염색법을 사용하면 미생물은 양성균과 음성균의 2무리로 크게 나뉜다. 염색법은 균을 유리면에 바르고 가열 고정한다. 젠시안바이오렛, 크리스탈 바이오렛, 메틸바이오렛 등 파라로즈 아닐린계 색소의 어느 하나를 사용하여 우선 염색하고 이어서 루골액을 작용시킨 뒤, 에탄올 또는 아세톤으로 탈색한다. 이때 탈색되지 않고 보라색을 타나내는 것을 그람양성균이라 부르며, 포도알균-폐렴알균-사슬알균 등이 대표적인 예이다. 탈색되면 그람음성균이라 부르며, 대장균-녹농균 등이 있다. 최후에 사프라닌, 푹신 등 적색계의 색소액으로 후염색을 한다. 미생물의 감별에 중요한 염색법이며 염색성의 차이는 영양요구성, 화학요법제(항생물질 등)에 대한 감수성의 차이와도 관련되는 점이 많으므로 사용약제의 선택시에도 중요한 역할을 한다. 그람양성균과 음성균의 차이는 세균벽의 구조에 있는데, 양성균은 세포막의 바깥쪽 펩티드글리칸이라는 당단백질층의 두께가 20~80nm나 되고, 그램음성균의 펩티드글리칸 층은 2~3nm로 얇고, 다시 바깥쪽에 외막이라 부르는 층이 있다. |
||
| AFB Stain | Acid Fast Bacilli Stain |
|---|---|
| HE stain | Hematoxylin-Eosin stain |
| WS | Waardenburg syndrome; ward secretary; Warkany syndrome; Warthin-Starry [stain]; water soluble; water... |
| PRAGMATIC | pregnancy, rheumatoid arthritis, acromegaly, glucose metabolism disorders, mechanical injury, amyloi... |
| MSU | Mono-Sodium Urate |
| PWS | Port Wine Stain |
|---|---|
| MSU | Monosodium urate |
| MSU | Monosodium urate crystal |
| MSUM | Monosodium urate monohydrate |
| urate crystals stain | <technique> A stain using silver methenamine to detect crystals, which polarise light in contrast with calcium crystals; useful in diagnosing gout and kidney infarcts resulting from uric acid build-up. (05 Mar 2000) |
|---|
| urate | <physiology> A salt of uric acid; as, sodium urate; ammonium urate. Origin: Cf. F. Urate. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
|---|---|
| urate oxidase | <enzyme> An enzyme that catalyses the conversion of urate and unidentified products. It is a copper protein. The initial products decompose to form allantoin. Chemical name: Urate:oxygen oxidoreductase Registry number: EC 1.7.3.3 (12 Dec 1998) |
| asthma crystals | Crystal's in the shape of elongated double pyramids, formed from eosinophils, found in the sputum in bronchial asthma and in other exudates or transudates containing eosinophils. Synonym: asthma crystals, Charcot-Neumann crystals, Charcot-Robin crystals, Leyden's crystals. (05 Mar 2000) |
| biaxial crystals | <microscopy> Anisotropic crystals in the orthorhombic, monoclinic and triclinic systems. They have three principal refractive indices alpha, beta, and gamma, and two isotropic directions, i.e., optic axes. Bifilar eyepiece. An ocular with two crossed hairs, wires, filaments or threads each of which has perpendicular motion. (05 Aug 1998) |
| blood crystals | <haematology> A substance which appears to be identical to the red-orange bile pigment bilirubin, but which is produced from haemoglobin in tissues rather than within the liver and usually when oxygen tension is low. (09 Oct 1997) |
| Bottcher's crystals | Small crystal's observed microscopically in prostatic fluid that is treated with a drop or two of 1% solution of ammonium phosphate. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Virchow's crystals | Yellow-brown, amber, or burnt orange crystal's of haematoidin, frequently observed in extravasated blood in tissues. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Charcot-Leyden crystals | Crystal's in the shape of elongated double pyramids, formed from eosinophils, found in the sputum in bronchial asthma and in other exudates or transudates containing eosinophils. Synonym: asthma crystals, Charcot-Neumann crystals, Charcot-Robin crystals, Leyden's crystals. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Charcot-Neumann crystals | Crystal's in the shape of elongated double pyramids, formed from eosinophils, found in the sputum in bronchial asthma and in other exudates or transudates containing eosinophils. Synonym: asthma crystals, Charcot-Neumann crystals, Charcot-Robin crystals, Leyden's crystals. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Charcot-Robin crystals | Crystal's in the shape of elongated double pyramids, formed from eosinophils, found in the sputum in bronchial asthma and in other exudates or transudates containing eosinophils. Synonym: asthma crystals, Charcot-Neumann crystals, Charcot-Robin crystals, Leyden's crystals. (05 Mar 2000) |
| chlorohemin crystals | Rhombic crystals of hemin; used in microscopic detection of blood. See: hemin. Synonym: chlorohemin crystals. (05 Mar 2000) |
| whetstone crystals | Xanthine crystal's occasionally observed in urine. (05 Mar 2000) |
| haematoidin crystals | <haematology> A substance which appears to be identical to the red-orange bile pigment bilirubin, but which is produced from haemoglobin in tissues rather than within the liver and usually when oxygen tension is low. (09 Oct 1997) |
| crystals | Formations of small irregular solid material often composed of calcium, uric acid and phosphate. (27 Sep 1997) |
| Teichmann's crystals | Rhombic crystals of hemin; used in microscopic detection of blood. See: hemin. Synonym: chlorohemin crystals. (05 Mar 2000) |
제품명 |
판매사 |
보험코드 | 성분/함량 | 구분/보험급여 |
|---|
제품명 |
판매사 |
보험코드 | 성분/함량 | 구분/보험급여 |
|---|