| 영문 | Gram stain | 한글 | 그람염색 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 미생물을 염색하는 방법 중의 하나. 1884년 덴마크의 의사 H.C.J. 그람(1853~ 1938)이 고안한 특수 염색법이다. 이 염색법을 사용하면 미생물은 양성균과 음성균의 2무리로 크게 나뉜다. 염색법은 균을 유리면에 바르고 가열 고정한다. 젠시안바이오렛, 크리스탈 바이오렛, 메틸바이오렛 등 파라로즈 아닐린계 색소의 어느 하나를 사용하여 우선 염색하고 이어서 루골액을 작용시킨 뒤, 에탄올 또는 아세톤으로 탈색한다. 이때 탈색되지 않고 보라색을 타나내는 것을 그람양성균이라 부르며, 포도알균-폐렴알균-사슬알균 등이 대표적인 예이다. 탈색되면 그람음성균이라 부르며, 대장균-녹농균 등이 있다. 최후에 사프라닌, 푹신 등 적색계의 색소액으로 후염색을 한다. 미생물의 감별에 중요한 염색법이며 염색성의 차이는 영양요구성, 화학요법제(항생물질 등)에 대한 감수성의 차이와도 관련되는 점이 많으므로 사용약제의 선택시에도 중요한 역할을 한다. 그람양성균과 음성균의 차이는 세균벽의 구조에 있는데, 양성균은 세포막의 바깥쪽 펩티드글리칸이라는 당단백질층의 두께가 20~80nm나 되고, 그램음성균의 펩티드글리칸 층은 2~3nm로 얇고, 다시 바깥쪽에 외막이라 부르는 층이 있다. |
||
| PMA | index of prevalence and severity of gingivitis, where P = papillary gingiva, M = marginal gingiva, a... |
|---|---|
| AFB Stain | Acid Fast Bacilli Stain |
| HE stain | Hematoxylin-Eosin stain |
| WS | Waardenburg syndrome; ward secretary; Warkany syndrome; Warthin-Starry [stain]; water soluble; water... |
| CAP | camptodactyly-arthropathy-pericarditis [syndrome]; Canada Assistance Plan; capsule; captopril; catab... |
| UA | uranyl acetate |
|---|---|
| PWS | Port Wine Stain |
| UN | Uranyl nitrate |
| ACA | 1'-acetoxychavicol acetate |
| TPA | 1,2-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate |
| uranyl acetate stain | <technique> A stain used in electron microscopy; uranyl acetate binds specifically to nucleic acids but selectively tends to be abolished by osmium fixation; proteins are well stained, but cytomembranes are poorly stained. (05 Mar 2000) |
|---|
| uranyl acetate | <chemical> Uranium salt that is very electron dense and that is used as a stain in electron microscopy, usually for staining nucleic acid containing structures in sections. (18 Nov 1997) |
|---|---|
| uranyl | <chemistry> The radical UO2, conveniently regarded as a residue of many uranium compounds. Origin: Uranium + -yl. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| uranyl nitrate | <chemical> Bis(nitrato-o)dioxouranium. A compound used in photography and the porcelain industry. It causes severe renal insufficiency and renal tubular necrosis in mammals and is an effective lymphocyte mitogen. Chemical name: Uranium, bis(nitrato-O)dioxo-, (T-4)- (12 Dec 1998) |
| acetate | <biochemistry> A salt or ester of acetic acid, specifically, a synthetic textile fibre made from partially hydrolysed cellulose acetate, or a plastic-like film made from cellulose triacetate. The terminal hydrogen atom in the molecule is replaced by a metal, for instance copper acetate, or where substitution is by a radical, for instance ethyl acetate. (04 Jul 1999) |
| acetate-CoA ligase | <enzyme> An enzyme that catalyses the formation of CoA derivatives from ATP, acetate, and CoA to form AMP, pyrophosphate, and acetyl CoA. It acts also on propionates and acrylates. Chemical name: Acetate:CoA ligase (AMP-forming) Registry number: EC 6.2.1.1 (12 Dec 1998) |
| acetate kinase | <enzyme> An enzyme that catalyses reversibly the phosphorylation of acetate in the presence of a divalent cation and ATP with the formation of acetylphosphate and ADP. It is important in the glycolysis process. Chemical name: ATP:acetate phosphotransferase Registry number: EC 2.7.2.1 (12 Dec 1998) |
| acetate replacement factor | <biochemistry> 1,2 dithiolane 3 valeric acid. Regarded as a coenzyme in the oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex of the citric acid cycle. Involved generally in oxidative decarboxylations of _ keto acids. A growth factor for some organisms. (18 Nov 1997) |
| acetate-succinate CoA-transferase | <enzyme> Tritichomonas and trichomonas enzyme converts acetyl-CoA and succinate to acetate and succinyl-CoA Registry number: EC 2.8.3.- Synonym: acetate-succinate coenzyme a-transferase (26 Jun 1999) |
| acetate thiokinase | A ligase that catalyses the reaction of acetate and CoA and ATP to form AMP, pyrophosphate, and acetyl-CoA. A key step in the activation of acetate. Synonym: acetate thiokinase, acetate-CoA ligase, acetyl-activating enzyme, acetyl-CoA synthetase. (05 Mar 2000) |
| active acetate | <enzyme> Condensation product of coenzyme A and acetic acid, symbolised as CoAS~COCH3; intermediate in transfer of two-carbon fragment, notably in its entrance into the tricarboxylic acid cycle and in fatty acid synthesis. This coenzyme plays a huge role in intermediary metabolism, in which cells synthesise, break down or use nutrient molecules for energy production, growth, etc. Acetyl-coenzyme A synthase is found in bacteria and plants and catalyses the reaction in which acetate enters metabolic pathways and forms acetyl-coenzyme A. Synonym: acetyl-coenzyme A, active acetate. (05 Mar 2000) |
| aluminum acetate | Used as a disinfectant by embalmers; proposed as desiccant and deodorant powder for eczema and chronic skin ulcers. (05 Mar 2000) |
| anagestone acetate | 17-Hydroxy-6alpha-methylpregn-4-en-20-one acetate;a progestational agent. (05 Mar 2000) |
| bisoxatin acetate | 2,2-Bis(p-hydroxyphenyl)-2H-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4H)-one diacetate;a laxative. (05 Mar 2000) |
| versiconal hemiacetal acetate esterase | <enzyme> Converts versiconal hemiacetal acetate to versiconal; the first step in biosynthesis of versicolorin b and versicolorin a Registry number: EC 3.1.1.- Synonym: vha esterase (26 Jun 1999) |
| cellulose acetate | A polymer commonly used as a support medium for electrophoresis. (05 Mar 2000) |
제품명 |
판매사 |
보험코드 | 성분/함량 | 구분/보험급여 |
|---|
제품명 |
판매사 |
보험코드 | 성분/함량 | 구분/보험급여 |
|---|