| PTU | Prophyl-Thio-Uracil |
|---|---|
| AHU | acute hemolytic uremic [syndrome]; arginine, hypoxanthine, and uracil |
| AUG | acute ulcerative gingivitis; adenosine-uracil-guanine |
| DGU | uracil deoxyribonucleic acid glycosylase |
| MMU | medical maintenance unit; mercaptomethyl uracil |
| HMUra | 5-(Hydroxymethyl)uracil |
|---|---|
| BVU | E)-5-(2)-(bromovinyl)uracil |
| U | O)--uracil |
| Ura | Uracil |
| UDG | Uracil DNA N-glycosylase |
| uracil | <biochemistry> The pyrimidine base from which uridine is derived. (18 Nov 1997) |
|---|---|
| uracil-6-carboxylic acid | Intermediate in the de novo synthesis of pyrimidines. Linked glycosidically to ribose 5' phosphate, orotate forms the pyrimidine nucleotide orotidylate, that on decarboxylation at position 5 of the pyrimidine ring yields the major nucleotide uridylate (uridine 5' phosphate). (18 Nov 1997) |
| uracil dehydrogenase | An oxidoreductase catalyzing oxidation of uracil to barbituric acid; also oxidises thymine. Synonym: uracil oxidase. (05 Mar 2000) |
| uracil-DNA glycosidase | <enzyme> Catalyses hydrolysis of n-glycosidic bond of damaged nucleotide residues to give free uracil and partly depyrimidinated DNA of unaltered chain length; does not cleave phosphodiester bonds; a DNA repair enzyme Registry number: EC 3.2.2.- Synonym: ura-DNA glycosidase, uracil-DNA glycosylase, uracil n-glycosidase, ura-DNA glycosylase, uracil n-glycosylase (26 Jun 1999) |
| uracil mustard | <chemical> Nitrogen mustard derivative of uracil. It is a alkylating antineoplastic agent that is used in lymphatic malignancies, and causes mainly gastrointestinal and bone marrow damage. Pharmacological action: antineoplastic agent, alkylating. Chemical name: 2,4(1H,3H)-Pyrimidinedione, 5-(bis(2-chloroethyl)amino)- (12 Dec 1998) |
| uracil oxidase | An oxidoreductase catalyzing oxidation of uracil to barbituric acid; also oxidises thymine. Synonym: uracil oxidase. (05 Mar 2000) |
| uracil permease | <chemical> Mediates uptake of uracil in eucaryotic organisms; does not transport other natural pyrimidines such as cytosine, thymine or uridine Chemical name: permease, uracil Synonym: n 137 (26 Jun 1999) |
| uracil phosphoribosyltransferase | See: phosphoribosyltransferase. (05 Mar 2000) |
| acentric fragment | A fragment of a chromosome lacking a centromere and unable to attach to the mitotic spindle, therefore unable to take part in the division of a nucleus and randomly distributed in daughter cells. Synonym: acentric fragment. (05 Mar 2000) |
| amplified fragment length polymorphism | <technique> Invented by KeyGene, a Dutch biotech company based in Wageningen, Holland. The technique is now merchandised under licence agreement by Perkin Elmer. Selected markers are amplified in a PCR, which makes amplified fragment length polymorphism an easy and fast tool for strain identification in agriculture, botany, microbiology and animal breeding. Acronym: AFLP (05 Feb 1998) |
| Brimacombe fragment | A ribonucleoprotein fragment obtained by mild ribonuclease treatment of ribosomes. (05 Mar 2000) |
| butterfly fragment | A broad triangular fragment that is commonly present in comminuted fractures of the diaphysis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| restriction fragment | <molecular biology> The fragments of DNA generated by digesting DNA with a specific restriction endonuclease. Each of the fragments ends in a site recognised by that specific enzyme. (10 Mar 1998) |
| restriction fragment length polymorphism | <molecular biology, technique> A method that allows familial relationships to be established by comparing the characteristic polymorphic patterns that are obtained when certain regions of genomic DNA are amplified (typically by PCR) and cut with certain restriction enzymes. The variation in the length of DNA fragments produced by a restriction endonuclease that cuts at a polymorphic locus. Such variations are generated by mutations that create or abolish recognition sites for these enzymes. This is a key tool in DNA fingerprinting, reflecting the existence of different alleles in the individual. Restriction fragment length polymorphism mapping is also used in plant breeding to see if a key trait such as disease resistance is inherited. In principle, an individual can be identified unambiquously by restriction fragment length polymorphism hence the use of restriction fragment length polymorphism in forensic analysis of blood, hair or semen). Similarly, if a polymorphism can be identified close to the locus of a genetic defect, it provides a valuable marker for tracing the inheritance of the defect. Synonym: DNA fingerprinting. Acronym: RFLP (12 Jan 1998) |
| Okazaki fragment | A relatively short (100-1000 bp) fragment of DNA that is later joined by DNA ligase to allow for 3' → 5' overall chain growth during replication. (05 Mar 2000) |
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