| ¿µ¹® | Gram stain | ÇÑ±Û | ±×¶÷¿°»ö |
|---|---|---|---|
| ¼³¸í | ¹Ì»ý¹°À» ¿°»öÇÏ´Â ¹æ¹ý ÁßÀÇ Çϳª. 1884³â µ§¸¶Å©ÀÇ ÀÇ»ç H.C.J. ±×¶÷(1853~ 1938)ÀÌ °í¾ÈÇÑ Æ¯¼ö ¿°»ö¹ýÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ ¿°»ö¹ýÀ» »ç¿ëÇÏ¸é ¹Ì»ý¹°Àº ¾ç¼º±Õ°ú À½¼º±ÕÀÇ 2¹«¸®·Î Å©°Ô ³ª´¶´Ù. ¿°»ö¹ýÀº ±ÕÀ» À¯¸®¸é¿¡ ¹Ù¸£°í °¡¿ °íÁ¤ÇÑ´Ù. Á¨½Ã¾È¹ÙÀÌ¿À·¿, Å©¸®½ºÅ» ¹ÙÀÌ¿À·¿, ¸ÞÆ¿¹ÙÀÌ¿À·¿ µî ÆÄ¶ó·ÎÁî ¾Æ´Ò¸°°è »ö¼ÒÀÇ ¾î´À Çϳª¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÏ¿© ¿ì¼± ¿°»öÇϰí ÀÌ¾î¼ ·ç°ñ¾×À» ÀÛ¿ë½ÃŲ µÚ, ¿¡Åº¿Ã ¶Ç´Â ¾Æ¼¼ÅæÀ¸·Î Å»»öÇÑ´Ù. À̶§ Å»»öµÇÁö ¾Ê°í º¸¶ó»öÀ» Ÿ³ª³»´Â °ÍÀ» ±×¶÷¾ç¼º±ÕÀ̶ó ºÎ¸£¸ç, Æ÷µµ¾Ë±Õ-Æó·Å¾Ë±Õ-»ç½½¾Ë±Õ µîÀÌ ´ëÇ¥ÀûÀÎ ¿¹ÀÌ´Ù. Å»»öµÇ¸é ±×¶÷À½¼º±ÕÀ̶ó ºÎ¸£¸ç, ´ëÀå±Õ-³ì³ó±Õ µîÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù. ÃÖÈÄ¿¡ »çÇÁ¶ó´Ñ, Ç«½Å µî Àû»ö°èÀÇ »ö¼Ò¾×À¸·Î ÈÄ¿°»öÀ» ÇÑ´Ù. ¹Ì»ý¹°ÀÇ °¨º°¿¡ Áß¿äÇÑ ¿°»ö¹ýÀÌ¸ç ¿°»ö¼ºÀÇ Â÷ÀÌ´Â ¿µ¾ç¿ä±¸¼º, ÈÇпä¹ýÁ¦(Ç×»ý¹°Áú µî)¿¡ ´ëÇÑ °¨¼ö¼ºÀÇ Â÷À̿͵µ °ü·ÃµÇ´Â Á¡ÀÌ ¸¹À¸¹Ç·Î »ç¿ë¾àÁ¦ÀÇ ¼±Åýÿ¡µµ Áß¿äÇÑ ¿ªÇÒÀ» ÇÑ´Ù. ±×¶÷¾ç¼º±Õ°ú À½¼º±ÕÀÇ Â÷ÀÌ´Â ¼¼±Õº®ÀÇ ±¸Á¶¿¡ Àִµ¥, ¾ç¼º±ÕÀº ¼¼Æ÷¸·ÀÇ ¹Ù±ùÂÊ ÆéƼµå±Û¸®ÄÀ̶ó´Â ´ç´Ü¹éÁúÃþÀÇ µÎ²²°¡ 20~80nm³ª µÇ°í, ±×·¥À½¼º±ÕÀÇ ÆéƼµå±Û¸®Ä ÃþÀº 2~3nm·Î ¾ã°í, ´Ù½Ã ¹Ù±ùÂÊ¿¡ ¿Ü¸·À̶ó ºÎ¸£´Â ÃþÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù. |
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| ¿µ¹® | solid tumor | ÇÑ±Û | °íÇüÁ¾¾ç |
|---|---|---|---|
| ¼³¸í | ¼¼Æ÷·Î ²Ë Âù Á¾¾çÀ» ¸»ÇÔ. ¹éÇ÷º´ µîÀÇ Ç÷¾×¾Ï°ú °°ÀÌ ÇüŸ¦ ÃëÇÏÁö ¾Ê°í ¾×üÀÎ »óÅÂÀÇ ¾Ï°ú ´ëÁ¶µÇ´Â ¿ë¾î·Î¼ ´Ü´ÜÇÑ µ¢¾î¸®·Î ±¸¼ºµÈ ¾Ç¼ºÁ¾¾çÀÌ´Ù. ´ëºÎºÐÀÇ Á¾¾çÀÌ ÀÌ¿¡ ÇØ´çÇÑ´Ù. ƯÈ÷ Ç¥ÇÇÁ¶Á÷¿¡¼ ±â¿øÇÑ Á¾¾çÀ» ¸»ÇÑ´Ù. |
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| ¿µ¹® | ulcerating tumor | ÇÑ±Û | ±Ë¾ç¼º Á¾¾ç |
|---|---|---|---|
| ¼³¸í | Á¾¾çÀÇ Ç¥¸é¿¡ ±Ë¾çÀÌ ¹ß»ýÇÏ´Â °Í. ´ë°³, ¸Å¿ì »¡¸® ÀÚ¶ó´Â Á¾¾ç¿¡¼ Ç÷·ù °ø±ÞÀÌ Á¾¾ç¼¼Æ÷ÀÇ ÀÚ¶ó´Â ¼Óµµ¸¦ °¨´çÇÏÁö ¸øÇØ Á¾¾çÁ߽ɺΠÁ¶Á÷ÀÌ ±«»ç¿¡ ºüÁ® ±Ë¾çÀ» Çü¼ºÇÏ´Â °æ¿ì°¡ ¸¹´Ù. À°¾ÈÀ¸·Î º¸¸é »¡°²°í, ¿À̳ª¸ç, ÁöÀúºÐÇØ º¸ÀδÙ. |
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| ¿µ¹® | brain tumor | ÇÑ±Û | ³úÁ¾¾ç |
|---|---|---|---|
| ¼³¸í | ³úÁ¾¾çÀ̶õ ³ú¿Í ³úÁ¶Á÷¿¡¼ »ý±ä Á¾¾çÀ» ÁöĪÇÏ´Â ¸»ÀÌ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ´ë°³ ³ÐÀº Àǹ̷Π»ç¿ëÇÒ °æ¿ì¿¡´Â ¸Ó¸®»À¼ÓÀÇ °ø°£ÀÎ µÎ°³°¼Ó¿¡ »ý±â´Â ¸ðµç Á¾¾çÀ» À̸£´Â ¸»·Î »ç¿ëµÈ´Ù. ³úÁ¾¾çÀº ÇÑÁ¤µÈ °ø°£ÀÎ µÎ°³°¿¡¼ ¹ß»ýÇϹǷΠÁ¾¾çÀÌ ±×´ÙÁö Å©Áö ¾Ê¾Æµµ Á¤»óÀûÀÎ Á¶Á÷À» ¾Ð¹ÚÇÏ°Ô µÇ°í, µÎ°³°³»ÀÇ ¾Ð·ÂÀ» ³ôÀδÙ. ÀÌ·± Ư¡¿¡ ÀÇÇØ¼ ³úÁ¾¾çÀÇ Áõ»óÀº ´Ù¸¥ Á¾¾ç°ú ´Þ¸®, Á¾¾ç ±× ÀÚüÀÇ Áõ»óº¸´Ùµµ µÎ°³³»¾Ð»ó½Â°ú Á¤»óÁ¶Á÷ÀÇ ¾Ð¹Ú¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ Áõ»óÀÌ ¸¹´Ù. µÎ°³³»¾Ð(³ú¾Ð)ÀÇ »ó½Â¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ Áõ»óÀ¸·Î´Â µÎÅë, ±¸ÅäµîÀÌ ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, Áö¼ÓÀûÀÎ ³ú¾Ð»ó½Â¿¡ ÀÇÇØ¼ À¯µÎºÎÁ¾(papilledema)ÀÌ °üÂûµÇ±âµµ ÇÑ´Ù. ±×¸®°í Á¤»óÀûÀÎ ³úÁ¶Á÷ÀÇ ¾Ð¹Ú°ú Á¾¾çÀÌ »ý±ä ºÎÀ§ÀÇ ±â´ÉÀÇ °áÇÕ¿¡ ³úÀÇ ±× ºÎºÐ¿¡ ÇØ´çÇÏ´Â ±â´ÉÀÇ »ó½ÇÀ» º¸°ÔµÈ´Ù. |
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| ¿µ¹® | epithelial tumor | ÇÑ±Û | »óÇǼºÁ¾¾ç |
|---|---|---|---|
| ¼³¸í | Á¤»ó »ç¶÷ÀÇ Á¶Á÷Àº üǥ¸éÀ» µ¤´Â ¿ªÇÒÀ» ÇÏ´Â Á¶Á÷°ú, ÁÖ·Î ¹ß»ý±âÀÇ Á߹迱¿¡¼ ºÐÈÇÑ °£¿±Á¶Á÷¿¡¼ À¯·¡ÇÏ´Â °áÇÕÁ¶Á÷, »À, ¿¬°ñ, Áö¹æ, ±ÙÀ°, Ç÷°ü µîÀÇ Á¶Á÷ÀÇ µÎ °èÅëÀ¸·Î ³ª´ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ÀüÀÚ¸¦ »óÇǼº Á¶Á÷, ÈÄÀÚ¸¦ ºñ»óÇǼº Á¶Á÷À̶ó ÇÏ¸ç ±× °¢°¢À» ±¸¼ºÇÏ´Â ¼¼Æ÷¸¦ »óÇǼº ¼¼Æ÷, ºñ»óÇǼ¼Æ÷¶ó ÃÑĪÇÑ´Ù. »óÇǼº ¼¼Æ÷¿¡¼ ±â¿øÇÏ´Â Á¾¾çÀÌ »óÇǼº Á¾¾çÀ̸ç, ±ÙóÀÇ Á¶Á÷À¸·Î ħÅõ³ª Ç÷·ù, ¸²ÇÁÀÇ Á¶Á÷À» Ÿ°í ¿ø°Å¸®ÀÇ Àå±â·Î À̵¿ÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â ¾ç¼ºÁ¾¾ç¿¡´Â ¼±Á¾, À¯µÎÁ¾ µîÀÌ ÀÖ°í ¾ç¼º°ú ¹Ý´ë·Î ±ÙóÀÇ Á¶Á÷À¸·Î ħÅõ, ¿ø°ÝÀå±â·Î ÀüÀÌÇÏ´Â ¾Ç¼ºÁ¾¾çÀ» ¸ðµÎ ÅëĪÇÏ¿© ¾ÏÁ¾(carcinoma)À̶ó°í ÇÑ´Ù. |
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| AFB Stain | Acid Fast Bacilli Stain |
|---|---|
| HE stain | Hematoxylin-Eosin stain |
| WS | Waardenburg syndrome; ward secretary; Warkany syndrome; Warthin-Starry [stain]; water soluble; water... |
| AFP | Alpha(¥á) Feto-Protein [HP 1826, 1858, 1859, 2265] ; Oncofetal Antigens &nbs... |
| BT | base of tongue; bedtime; bitemporal; bitrochanteric; bladder tumor; Blalock-Taussig [shunt]; bleedin... |
| PWS | Port Wine Stain |
|---|---|
| ATLS | Acute tumor lysis syndrome |
| AOT | Adenomatoid odontogenic tumor |
| TNF | Anti-tumor necrosis factor |
| anti-TNF alpha | Anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha |
Zeune's law ¸ÍÀÎÀÇ ¼ö´Â Àûµµ¿¡ °¡±î¿î ¿´ëÁö¹æ¿¡¼ Áõ°¡ÇÑ´Ù.
zidovudin
| tumor | 1. <oncology> An abnormal mass of tissue that results from excessive cell division that is uncontrolled and progressive, also called a neoplasm. Tumours perform no useful body function. They may be either benign (not cancerous) or malignant. 2. Swelling, one of the cardinal signs of inflammations, morbid enlargement. Origin: L. Tumere = to swell (12 May 1997) |
|---|---|
| tumor marker | <investigation, oncology> A substance in the body that usually indicates the presence of cancer. These markers are usually specific to certain types of cancer and are usually found in the blood or other tissue samples. Examples are alphafetoprotein (AFP), human chorionic gonadotropin, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). They may be indicators of tumour stage and grade as well as useful for monitoring responses to treatment and predicting recurrence. Many chemical groups are represented including hormones, antigens, amino and nucleic acids, enzymes, polyamines, and specific cell membrane proteins and lipids. (18 Jul 2002) |
| tumor necrosis factor | <cytokine> Originally described as a tumour inhibiting factor in the blood of animals exposed to bacterial lipopolysaccharide or Bacille Calmette-Guerin. Preferentially kills tumour cells in vivo and in vitro, causes necrosis of certain transplanted tumours in mice and inhibits experimental metastases. Human Tumour Necrosis factor alpha is a protein of 157 amino acids and has a wide range of pro inflammatory actions. Usually considered a cytokine. Synonym: cachectin. Acronym: TNF (13 Nov 1997) |
| Abbott's stain | <technique> Spores are stained blue with alkaline methylene blue; bodies of the bacilli become pink with eosin counterstain. (05 Mar 2000) |
| aceto-orcein stain | <technique> A stain used for chromosomes in air-dried or squashed cytologic material. (05 Mar 2000) |
| acid-fast stain | <technique> A staining technique used to determine the cell wall property of a microorganism. After stained with dye such as hot carbolfuschin, an acid-fast organism, (for example Mycobacterium species) will retain the colour in its cell wall after being washed with acid-alcohol. (13 Nov 1997) |
| acid stain | <technique> A dye in which the anion is the coloured component of the dye molecule, e.g., sodium eosinate (eosin). (05 Mar 2000) |
| Ag-AS stain | <technique> A stain for the acid protein component of nucleolar regions which are active or which were transcriptionally active in the preceding interphase; uses silver nitrate, ammoniacal silver, and formalin. Synonym: Ag-AS stain. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Albert's stain | <technique> A stain for diphtheria bacilli and their metachromatic granules; contains toluidine blue, methyl green, glacial acetic acid, alcohol, and distilled water. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Altmann's anilin-acid fuchsin stain | <technique> A mixture of picric acid, anilin, and acid fuchsin which stains mitochondria crimson against a yellow background. (05 Mar 2000) |
| auramine O fluorescent stain | <technique> A rapid and accurate technique for Mycobacterium tuberculosis, using auramine O-phenol and a methylene blue counterstain. (05 Mar 2000) |
| basic fuchsin-methylene blue stain | <technique> A stain for intact epoxy sections; semi-thick sections of plastic-embedded tissues have nuclei stained purple; collagen, elastic lamina, and connective tissue are stained blue; mitochondria, myelin, and lipid droplets are stained red; cytoplasm, smooth muscle cells, axoplasm, and chrondroblasts are stained pink. (05 Mar 2000) |
| basic stain | <technique> A dye in which the cation is the coloured component of the dye molecule that binds to anionic groups of nucleic acids (PO4≡) or acidic mucopolysaccharides (e.g., chondroitin sulfate). (05 Mar 2000) |
| Bauer's chromic acid leucofuchsin stain | <technique> A stain for glycogen and fungi utilizing chromic acid as an oxidizing agent of polysaccharides, followed by Schiff's reagent; glycogen and fungi cell walls appear deep red. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Becker's stain | <technique> For spirochetes, a stain applied to thin films fixed in formaldehyde-acetic acid; preparations are treated successively with tannin, carbolic acid, and carbol fuchsin. (05 Mar 2000) |
| tumor stain |
In arteriography, an abnormally dense area in a radiographical image caused by the collection of contrast medium in the vessels. This may be a sign of neoplastic growth.
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