| 영문 | coagulation time | 한글 | 응고시간 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 혈액응고란 지혈의 한 과정으로 섬유소란 물질을 만들어 내는 과정이다. 이 섬유소란 물질은 손상된 혈관의 부위에 작용하여 여러 가지 세포들을 얽어 묶는 역할을 하여 결국 손상된 혈관에서 혈액의 소실을 막는다. 혈액응고는 다음과 같은 3단계로 이루어진다. 첫번째 단계는 혈관손상에 의해서 prothrombin activator라는 것이 만들어지는 단계이다. 두번째 단계는 이 prothrombin activator라는 물질에 의해서 혈액속에 있는 프로트롬빈이라는 물질이 트롬빈이라는 물질로 바뀌는 단계이다. 세번째 단계는 트롬빈이라는 물질에 의해서 섬유소원이라는 물질이 섬유소으로 바뀌는 단계이다. 응고작용은 크게 2가지로 나뉘는데, 외인성 응고인자와 내인성 응고인자가 그것이다. 외인성 응고인자와 내인성 응고인자는 각기 별개로 작용하지만, 결국은 마지막 과정에서 하나로 만나서 섬유소원을 섬유소(응고작용의 마지막 단계에 생성되며 단단하고 풀리지 않는 매듭을 형성하여 지혈작용을 완성한다)으로 만들어 응고작용을 나타낸다. |
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| 영문 | bleeding time | 한글 | 출혈시간 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 몸에 상처가 나서 출혈이 있었을 경우에 피가 멎는데 까지 걸리는 시간을 출혈시간이라고 한다. 사람의 몸에 상처가 나서 출혈이 있을 경우에 이것을 막고 피를 더이상 나지 않게 하는 것을 지혈이라고 한다. 지혈의 과정에는 크게 두 가지 단계가 있다. 첫번째 단계는 혈소판들이 상처가 나서 손상된 혈관의 부위를 막는 것이다. 이렇게 하면 우선 혈관의 손상부위로부터 피가 나오는 것을 막을 수가 있다. 다음의 단계는 상처를 막고 있는 혈소판위에 여러 가지 물질들이 작용해서 더욱 단단하게 하여 상처가 난 혈관에서 피가 새는 것을 영구히 막는 것이다. 쉽게 말하면 혈소판은 벽돌에 해당하는 것이고 두번째 과정에 참여하는 물질들은 시멘트에 해당하는 것이다. 이 두 과정이 완전할 경우에 지혈이 순조롭게 일어난다. 출혈시간은 위에서 설명한 지혈의 두가지 과정 중에서 첫번째 과정에 의해서만 영향을 받는다. 즉 손상된 혈관을 막아주는 벽돌에 해당하는 혈소판의 기능만 정상일 경우에 출혈시간은 정상으로 나온다. 만약 혈소판의 기능에 이상이 있는 경우에는 자연히 출혈시간이 길어진다. |
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| 영문 | prothrombin time | 한글 | 프로트롬빈시간 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 프로트롬빈은 간에서 합성되는 비타민 K 의존성 응고단백질의 하나이며, 프로트롬빈시간은 외인계 응고활성을 종합적으로 특정하는 검사의 하나이다. 피검혈장에 칼슘이온과 조직트롬보플라스틴(제III 응고인자)을 가해, 섬유소가 나타날 때까지의 시간으 측정한다. |
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| CT | calcitonin; calf testis; cardiac tamponade; cardiothoracic [ratio]; carotid tracing; carpal tunnel; ... |
|---|---|
| PTT | partial thromboplastin time; particle transport time; posterior tibial tendon (transfer); prothrombi... |
| KW change | Keith Wagener change |
| FAZ | Fanconi-Albertini-Zellweger [syndrome]; foveal avascular zone; fragmented atrial activity zone |
| PZ | pancreozymin; pregnancy zone; proliferative zone; protamine zinc |
| CGI-C | Clinical Global Impression of Change |
|---|---|
| FAC | Fractional area change |
| HSC | Health System Change |
| MCD | Minimal change disease |
| MCN | Minimal change nephropathy |
| Armanni-Ebstein change | Glycogen vacuolization of the loops of Henle, seen in diabetics before the introduction of insulin. Synonym: Armanni-Ebstein change. (05 Mar 2000) |
|---|---|
| Baggenstoss change | Distention of pancreatic acini by proteinaceous secretion, seen in dehydration. (05 Mar 2000) |
| change | An alteration; in pathology, structural alteration of which the cause and significance is uncertain. Synonym: shift. (05 Mar 2000) |
| change of life | Colloquialism for menopause, climacteric. (05 Mar 2000) |
| chemical change | A process in which one or more substances are changed into one or more different substances. (09 Oct 1997) |
| minimal-change disease | <nephrology> A disorder of the kidneys which largely affects the glomerulus, the blood filtering structure. This disorder is one common cause of nephrotic syndrome, minimal glomerular changes, in children affecting 2 to 3 children per 100,000 population under age 16 in the USA. Minimal change disease is also seen rarely in adults. The cause is unknown but may be related to an autoimmune illness. It is marked by oedema, albuminuria, and an increase in cholesterol in the blood, but otherwise with fairly good renal function. Tubular epithelium is vacuolated by cholesterol droplets, but the glomeruli show only that the foot processes of the glomerular epithelial cells are fused, probably secondary to the proteinuria; the cause of the increased glomerular permeability to plasma protein is unknown. Risk factors include a history for a immune disorder, recent immunisation or a bee sting. Diagnosis is made by renal biopsy. Treatment include systemic corticosteroids which are usually quite effective in curing this disease. Other medications include chlorambucil and cyclophosphamide. In most cases, a moderate protein diet (1 gram protein per Kg body weight per day) will be recommended. Salt (sodium) restriction can be helpful to reduce swelling and vitamin D is usually supplemented. Synonym: lipoid nephrosis (27 Sep 1997) |
| minimal-change nephrotic syndrome | <nephrology> A disorder of the kidneys which largely affects the glomerulus, the blood filtering structure. This disorder is one common cause of nephrotic syndrome, minimal glomerular changes, in children affecting 2 to 3 children per 100,000 population under age 16 in the USA. Minimal change disease is also seen rarely in adults. The cause is unknown but may be related to an autoimmune illness. It is marked by oedema, albuminuria, and an increase in cholesterol in the blood, but otherwise with fairly good renal function. Tubular epithelium is vacuolated by cholesterol droplets, but the glomeruli show only that the foot processes of the glomerular epithelial cells are fused, probably secondary to the proteinuria; the cause of the increased glomerular permeability to plasma protein is unknown. Risk factors include a history for a immune disorder, recent immunisation or a bee sting. Diagnosis is made by renal biopsy. Treatment include systemic corticosteroids which are usually quite effective in curing this disease. Other medications include chlorambucil and cyclophosphamide. In most cases, a moderate protein diet (1 gram protein per Kg body weight per day) will be recommended. Salt (sodium) restriction can be helpful to reduce swelling and vitamin D is usually supplemented. Synonym: lipoid nephrosis (27 Sep 1997) |
| conformational change | <cell biology> Alteration in the shape usually the tertiary structure of a protein as a result of alteration in the environment pH, temperature, ionic strength) or the binding of a ligand (to a receptor) or binding of substrate (to an enzyme). (18 Nov 1997) |
| Crooke's hyaline change | Replacement of cytoplasmic granules of basophil cells of the anterior pituitary by homogenous hyaline material; a characteristic finding in Cushing's syndrome, but usually not present in the cells of a basophil adenoma. Synonym: Crooke's hyaline degeneration. (05 Mar 2000) |
| social change | Social process whereby the values, attitudes, or institutions of society, such as education, family, religion, and industry become modified. It includes both the natural process and action programs initiated by members of the community. (12 Dec 1998) |
| enthalpy change | <chemistry> In a reaction, this is more or less equal to the difference between the energy put into breaking bonds and the enery gained from new bond formation. (13 Oct 1997) |
| epigenetic change | <biology> Any changes in an organism brought about by alterations in the action of genes are called epigenetic changes. Epigenetic transformation refers to those processes which cause normal cells to become tumour cells without the occurrence of any mutations. (07 May 1998) |
| fatty change | The appearance of microscopically visible droplets of fat in the cytoplasm of cells. See: fatty degeneration. Synonym: fatty change. (05 Mar 2000) |
| life change events | Those occurrences, including social, psychological, and environmental, which require an adjustment or effect a change in an individual's pattern of living. (12 Dec 1998) |
| androgenic zone | A transient adrenocortical zone present in some rodents at birth, most notably in mice, situated between the zona reticularis and the adrenal medulla; it degenerates in males with the secretion at puberty and in females during their first pregnancy; it slowly enlarges in unmated females after puberty and does not degenerate until middle age; the X zone appears to secrete no hormone. Synonym: androgenic zone. Misnomer for the foetal adrenal cortex of primates. Synonym: foetal reticularis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| time zone change syndrome |
Desynchronosis.
출처:
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제품명 |
판매사 |
보험코드 | 성분/함량 | 구분/보험급여 |
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제품명 |
판매사 |
보험코드 | 성분/함량 | 구분/보험급여 |
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