| 영문 | sympathetic nervous system | 한글 | 교감신경계 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 자율신경계의 일종으로 내장기능을 주로 항진시켜 활동을 증가시키는 기능을 가진다. 자율신경계의 다른 계열인 부교감신경계는 반대로 내장기능을 억제시켜 에너지를 비축하는 기능을 가진다. 자율신경계의 해부학적 특성은 신경이 중추신경계에서 나와 목표장기에 도달하기 전에 한번의 시냅스(synapse)를 이룬다는 점이며, 따라서 자율신경계는 두 개의 신경(시냅스를 이루기 전의 절전신경과 이룬 후의 절후신경)으로 구성된다. 자율신경계중 교감신경계는 중추신경계 즉 척수 부근의 교감신경절(sympathetic ganglion)에서 시냅스가 일어나고, 부교감 신경계는 중추신경계에서 멀리 떨어진 목표 장기부근의 신경절(ganglion)에서 시냅스가 일어나는 점이 다르다. |
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| 영문 | ganglion | 한글 | 결절종 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 2. 결절종-근육의 끝에 있는 조직으로 뼈 등의 작용점에 부착하는 강한 결합조직인 힘줄(tendon)이 넓어져서 특수한 구조를 이룬 널힘줄(aponeurosis)에서 생겨난 물주머니 모양의 양성 종괴를 이르는 말이다. 손등, 발등에 호발한다. |
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| 영문 | ganglion | 한글 | 신경절 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 신경절-해부학에서는 주로 말초신경에서 한 신경세포에서 다른 신경세포로 신경세포를 교환하는 부위를 이르는 말이다. 즉 중추신경계 외부에 중추신경에서 온 신경과 이것의 전달을 받는 신경세포체가 집합되어 있는 것으로 보통 타원형을 이루고 있으며 치밀한 결합조직에 의해 둘러싸여 있다. |
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| RSDS | Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy Syndrome |
|---|---|
| CMSD | congenital myocardial sympathetic dysinnervation |
| CSN | cardiac sympathetic nerve; carotid sinus nerve |
| MSA | major serologic antigen; male-specific antigen; mannitol salt agar; Medical Services Administration;... |
| RSD | reflex sympathetic dystrophy; relative standard deviation |
| SCG | superior cervical sympathetic ganglion |
|---|---|
| CG | Ciliary ganglion |
| DRG | Dorsal Root Ganglion |
| RGC | Retinal ganglion cell |
| SGN | spiral ganglion neuron |
| sympathetic branch to submandibular ganglion | Branch to the submandibular ganglion composed of postsynaptic sympathetic fibres from the internal carotid plexus conveyed largely by a periarterial plexus of the facial artery. Synonym: ramus sympathicus [sympatheticus] ad ganglion submandibulare. (05 Mar 2000) |
|---|---|
| sympathetic root of ciliary ganglion | Postganglionic fibres,having cell bodies in the superior cervical ganglion, branching from the carotid plexus passing through the ciliary ganglion without synapse to reach the eyeball. Synonym: radix sympathica ganglii ciliaris. (05 Mar 2000) |
| ganglia of sympathetic trunk | The clusters of postganglionic neurons located at intervals along the sympathetic trunks, including the superior cervical, middle cervical, and cervicothoracic (stellate) ganglion, the thoracic, lumbar, and sacral ganglia, and the ganglion impar. Synonym: ganglia trunci sympathici, paravertebral ganglia. (05 Mar 2000) |
| ganglia, sympathetic | Ganglia of the sympathetic nervous system including the paravertebral and the prevertebral ganglia. Among these are the sympathetic chain ganglia, the superior, middle, and inferior cervical ganglia, and the aorticorenal, coeliac, and stellate ganglia. (12 Dec 1998) |
| reflex sympathetic dystrophy | A syndrome of pain and tenderness, usually to a hand or foot, associated with vasomotor instability, skin changes and rapid development of bony demineralisation (osteoporosis). Frequently will follow a localised trauma, stroke or peripheral nerve injury. (27 Sep 1997) |
| reflex sympathetic dystrophy syndrome | <syndrome> A condition that features a group of typical symptoms, including pain (often burning type), tenderness, and swelling of an extremity associated with varying degrees of sweating, warmth and/or coolness, flushing, discoloration, and shiny skin. (12 Dec 1998) |
| communicating branches of sympathetic trunk | Short nerves arising from the lateral aspect of the sympathetic trunk conducting nonmyelinated postsynaptic sympathetic nerve fibres from the sympathetic trunk to the initial portions of all 31 pairs of ventral primary rami of spinal nerves for distribution by all parts (including the dorsal primary ramus) of the spinal nerve. The gray rami are the parietal branches of the sympathetic trunks since all postsynaptic fibres to be distributed to the body wall (including limbs) must pass through them. Synonym: communicating branches of sympathetic trunk, communicating rami of sympathetic trunk. (05 Mar 2000) |
| communicating rami of sympathetic trunk | Short nerves arising from the lateral aspect of the sympathetic trunk conducting nonmyelinated postsynaptic sympathetic nerve fibres from the sympathetic trunk to the initial portions of all 31 pairs of ventral primary rami of spinal nerves for distribution by all parts (including the dorsal primary ramus) of the spinal nerve. The gray rami are the parietal branches of the sympathetic trunks since all postsynaptic fibres to be distributed to the body wall (including limbs) must pass through them. Synonym: communicating branches of sympathetic trunk, communicating rami of sympathetic trunk. (05 Mar 2000) |
| nervous system, sympathetic | A part of the nervous system that accelerates the heart rate, constricts blood vessels, and raises blood pressure. The sympathetic nervous system together with the parasympathetic nervous system (that slows the heart rate, increases intestinal and gland activity, and relaxes sphincter muscles) constitute the autonomic nervous system. (12 Dec 1998) |
| sympathetic | 1. <psychology> Pertaining to, caused by or exhibiting sympathy. 2. <physiology> A sympathetic nerve or the sympathetic nervous system. Origin: Gr. Sympathetikos (19 Jan 1998) |
| sympathetic agent | An agent that evokes responses similar to those produced by adrenergic nerve activity (e.g., epinephrine, ephedrine, isoproterenol). Synonym: adrenergic amine, adrenomimetic amine, sympathetic amine. (05 Mar 2000) |
| sympathetic amine | An agent that evokes responses similar to those produced by adrenergic nerve activity (e.g., epinephrine, ephedrine, isoproterenol). Synonym: adrenergic amine, adrenomimetic amine, sympathetic amine. (05 Mar 2000) |
| sympathetic blockade | Interruption of transmission in sympathetic ganglia or conduction of impulses in pre-or postganglionic sympathetic nerve fibres. (05 Mar 2000) |
| sympathetic denervation | <procedure, surgery> Removal of the sympathetic nervous systems influence in one area of the body. This may be accomplished with drugs or surgery. A treatment for reflex sympathetic dystrophy. (27 Sep 1997) |
| sympathetic fibres, postganglionic | Nerve fibres which project from sympathetic ganglia to synapses on target organs. Sympathetic postganglionic fibres use norepinephrine as transmitter, except for those innervating eccrine sweat glands (and possibly some blood vessels) which use acetylcholine. They may also release peptide cotransmitters. (12 Dec 1998) |
| sympathetic ganglion |
One of the ganglia of the thoracolumbar (sympathetic) division of the autonomic nervous system. It includes vertebral or lateral ganglia (those forming the sympathetic trunk) and prevertebral or collateral ganglia, more peri
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