| RO | radiation oncology; radiation output; ratio of; relative odds; renal osteodystrophy; reverse osmosis... |
|---|---|
| R/O | rule out |
| SS | disulfide; sacrosciatic; saline soak; saline solution; saliva sample; saliva substitute; Salmonella-... |
| SSD | shaded surface display; single saturating dose; Social Security disability; source-skin distance; so... |
| cusum | Cumulative Sum |
|---|---|
| NPRM | Notice of Proposed Rule Making |
| SPID | Sum of pain intensity differences |
| ATR | against the rule |
| SUM | supramammillary nucleus |
| sum | 1. The aggregate of two or more numbers, magnitudes, quantities, or particulars; the amount or whole of any number of individuals or particulars added together; as, the sum of 5 and 7 is 12. "Take ye the sum of all the congregation." (Num. I. 2) Sum is now commonly applied to an aggregate of numbers, and number to an aggregate of persons or things. 2. A quantity of money or currency; any amount, indefinitely; as, a sum of money; a small sum, or a large sum. "The sum of forty pound." "With a great sum obtained I this freedom." (Acts xxii. 28) 3. The principal points or thoughts when viewed together; the amount; the substance; compendium; as, this is the sum of all the evidence in the case; this is the sum and substance of his objections. 4. Height; completion; utmost degree. "Thus have I told thee all my state, and brought My story to the sum of earthly bliss." (Milton) 5. <mathematics> A problem to be solved, or an example to be wrought out. "A sum in arithmetic wherein a flaw discovered at a particular point is ipso facto fatal to the whole." (Gladstone) "A large sheet of paper . . . Covered with long sums." (Dickens) Algebraic sum, as distinguished from arithmetical sum, the aggregate of two or more numbers or quantities taken with regard to their signs, as + or -, according to the rules of addition in algebra; thus, the algebraic sum of -2, 8, and -1 is 5. In sum, in short; in brief. "In sum, the gospel . . . Prescribes every virtue to our conduct, and forbids every sin." Origin: OE. Summe, somme, OF. Sume, some, F. Somme, L. Summa, fr. Summus highest, a superlative from sub under. See Sub-, and cf. Supreme. 1. To bring together into one whole; to collect into one amount; to cast up, as a column of figures; to ascertain the totality of; usually with up. "The mind doth value every moment, and then the hour doth rather sum up the moments, than divide the day." (Bacon) 2. To bring or collect into a small compass; to comprise in a few words; to condense; usually with up. ""Go to the ant, thou sluggard," in few words sums up the moral of this fable." (L'Estrange) "He sums their virtues in himself alone." (Dryden) 3. <veterinary> To have (the feathers) full grown; to furnish with complete, or full-grown, plumage. "But feathered soon and fledge They summed their pens [wings]" (Milton) Summing up, a compendium or abridgment; a recapitulation; a resume; a summary. Synonym: To cast up, collect, comprise, condense, comprehend, compute. Origin: Cf. F. Sommer, LL. Summare. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
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| Abegg's rule | The tendency of the sum of the maximum positive and maximum negative valence of a particular element to equal 8; e.g., C may have a valence of +4 and -4, O of +6 and -2. Sometimes loosely stated as all atoms have the same number of valences, a consequence of the tendency of valence electron shells to be filled to 8. (05 Mar 2000) |
| American Law Institute rule | A test of criminal responsibility (1962): "a person is not responsible for criminal conduct if at the time of such conduct as a result of mental disease or defect he lacks substantial capacity either to appreciate the wrongfulness of his conduct or to conform his conduct to the requirements of law." (05 Mar 2000) |
| astigmatism against the rule | Astigmatism when the greater curvature or refractive power is in the horizontal meridian. (05 Mar 2000) |
| astigmatism with the rule | Astigmatism when the greater curvature or refractive power is in the vertical meridian. (05 Mar 2000) |
| pair rule gene | <molecular biology> A segmentation gene, expressed sequentially between gap genes and segment polarity genes. In development of Drosophila, a set of about 8 genes that are expressed only in alternate segments (odd or even) of the developing embryo. Loss of function mutants thus lack alternate segments. Examples: even skipped (eve), fushi tarazu (ftz), hairy. (18 Nov 1997) |
| Gibb's phase rule | An expression of the relationships existing between systems in equilibrium: P + V = C + 2, where P is the number of phases, V the variance or degrees of freedom, and C the number of components; it also follows that the variance is, V = C + 2 -P. For H2O at its triple point, V = 1 + 2 -3 = 0, i.e., both temperature and pressure are fixed. Synonym: Gibb's phase rule. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Gloger's rule | The rule or observation that the skin of a warm-blooded animal species tends to become darker in colour towards warmer climates at lower altitudes or lower latitudes, and to become lighter in colour towards colder climates at higher altitudes or higher latitudes. (09 Oct 1997) |
| Goriaew's rule | Rarely used term for a rule of a blood counting field by which it is marked off in a series of squares, some of which are again subdivided into sixteen smaller ones. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Chargaff's rule | In DNA the number of adenine units equals the number of thymine units; likewise, the number of guanine units equals the number of cytosine units. (05 Mar 2000) |
| gt-ag rule | This is the observation that all introns in DNA begin with the nucleotides of GT(guanine, thymine) and end with the nucleotides AG (adenine, guanine). When the DNA is transcribed into RNA, the introns are removed from the RNA by a mechanism which recognises these beginning and ending nucleotides - in the RNA they would be CU (cytosine, uracil) and AC (adenine, cytosine). (09 Oct 1997) |
| Rolleston's rule | The ideal adult systolic blood pressure is 100 plus half the age, whereas the maximal physiologic pressure is 100 plus the age; of historical interest. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Meyer-Overton rule | <anaesthetics> Because inhalation agents act via the lipid-rich CNS cells, anaesthetic potency increases with lipid solubility. (05 Mar 2000) |
| phase rule | An expression of the relationships existing between systems in equilibrium: P + V = C + 2, where P is the number of phases, V the variance or degrees of freedom, and C the number of components; it also follows that the variance is, V = C + 2 -P. For H2O at its triple point, V = 1 + 2 -3 = 0, i.e., both temperature and pressure are fixed. Synonym: Gibb's phase rule. (05 Mar 2000) |
| rule | A statement of conditions, effects, or phenomena typically observed in agiven situation or process. (09 Oct 1997) |
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