| 영문 | irritation, stimulus | 한글 | 자극 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 생물에 작용하여 특정의 반응을 일으키는 요인. 보통 외계의 조건 변화에 따라 생물체에 특유한 활동이 왕성해지는 것을 생물체가 흥분했다고 하며, 흥분을 일으키는 원인이 된 외계의 조건 변화를 자극이라고 한다. 예를 들면, 바늘 끝으로 손등을 찌르면 신경섬유에 자극을 주게 되어, 이 신경섬유에 충격이라고 하는 어떤 변화가 생긴다. 이 충격이 전도되어 간다. 이 상태를 신경섬유가 흥분했다고 한다. 외적조건의 변화가 이것에 대응하는 감각기가 수용하여 자극이 되는데, 자극에 대한 반응에 반사적으로 일어나는 눈깜박이와 같은 국부적인 것이 있고, 기온의 변화에 대해서와 같이 전신적인 것도 있다. 세포자극으로서 작용하는 외계의 조건 변화는 그 에너지의 종류에 따라 기계적 자극-화학적 자극-온열적 자극-삼투압 자극-전기적 자극 등이 있다. 그 중 전기적 자극은 생체 속에서 자연히 일어나는 자극과 그로 인해 일어나는 흥분이 모두 전기적 과정이므로 자연히 일어나는 자극과 같거나, 그것에 가까운 것이다. 어떤 종류의 조건 변화는 도리어 흥분을 일으키기 어렵게 하는 것도 있다. |
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| RS | radioscaphoid; random sample; rating schedule; Raynaud syndrome; recipient's serum; rectal sinus; re... |
|---|---|
| CWF | Cornell Word Form |
| DWT | dichotic word test; discrete wave transform |
| WAT | word association test |
| WIPI | Word Intelligibility Picture Identification |
| CWT | Color Word Test |
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| SSW | Staggered Spondaic Word |
| WHO | Word Health Organization |
| WWW | Word Wide Web |
| US | 1-unconditioned stimulus |
| stimulus word | The word used in association tests to evoke a response. (05 Mar 2000) |
|---|
| word | 1. To express in words; to phrase. "The apology for the king is the same, but worded with greater deference to that great prince." (Addison) 2. To ply with words; also, to cause to be by the use of a word or words. 3. To flatter with words; to cajole. To word it, to bandy words; to dispute. "To word it with a shrew." Origin: Worded; Wording. 1. The spoken sign of a conception or an idea; an articulate or vocal sound, or a combination of articulate and vocal sounds, uttered by the human voice, and by custom expressing an idea or ideas; a single component part of human speech or language; a constituent part of a sentence; a term; a vocable. "A glutton of words." "You cram these words into mine ears, against The stomach of my sense." (Shak) "Amongst men who confound their ideas with words, there must be endless disputes." (Locke) 2. Hence, the written or printed character, or combination of characters, expressing such a term; as, the words on a page. 3. Talk; discourse; speech; language. "Why should calamity be full of words?" (Shak) "Be thy words severe; Sharp as he merits, but the sword forbear." (Dryden) 4. Account; tidings; message; communication; information; used only in the singular. "I pray you . . . Bring me word thither How the world goes." (Shak) 5. Signal; order; command; direction. "Give the word through." (Shak) 6. Language considered as implying the faith or authority of the person who utters it; statement; affirmation; declaration; promise. "Obey thy parents; keep thy word justly." (Shak) "I know you brave, and take you at your word." (Dryden) "I desire not the reader should take my word." (Dryden) 7. Verbal contention; dispute. "Some words there grew 'twixt Somerset and me." (Shak) 8. A brief remark or observation; an expression; a phrase, clause, or short sentence. "All the law is fulfilled in one word, even in this; Thou shalt love thy neighbor as thyself." (Gal. V. 14) "She said; but at the happy word "he lives," My father stooped, re-fathered, o'er my wound." (Tennyson) "There is only one other point on which I offer a word of remark." (Dickens) By word of mouth, orally; by actual speaking. Compound word. See Compound, Good word, commendation; favorable account. "And gave the harmless fellow a good word." . In a word, briefly; to sum up. In word, in declaration; in profession. "Let us not love in word, . . . But in deed and in truth." . <physiology> Nuns of the Word Incarnate, inability to express ideas in verbal language, though the power of speech is unimpaired. Word for word, in the exact words; verbatim; literally; exactly; as, to repeat anything word for word. Word painting, the act of describing an object fully and vividly by words only, so as to present it clearly to the mind, as if in a picture. Word picture, an accurate and vivid description, which presents an object clearly to the mind, as if in a picture. Word square, a series of words so arranged that they can be read vertically and horizontally with like results. Synonym: See Term. Origin: AS. Word; akin to OFries. & OS. Word, D. Woord, G. Wort, Icel. Orth, Sw. & Dan. Ord, Goth. Waord, OPruss. Wirds, Lith. Vardas a name, L. Verbum a word; or perhaps to Gr. "rhtwr an orator. Cf. Verb. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
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| word association tests | Lists of words to which individuals are asked to respond ascertaining the conceptual meaning held by the individual. (12 Dec 1998) |
| word blindness | <neurology> Loss of the ability to understand printed words or sentences (27 Sep 1997) |
| word deafness | An impairment in comprehension of the auditory forms of language and communication, including the ability to write from dictation in the presence of normal hearing. Spontaneous speech, reading, and writing are not affected. Synonym: acoustic aphasia, word deafness. (05 Mar 2000) |
| word processing | Automated production of typewritten documents with text editing and storage functions using computer software. (12 Dec 1998) |
| word salad | A jumble of meaningless and unrelated words emitted by persons with certain kinds of schizophrenia. (05 Mar 2000) |
| adequate stimulus | A stimulus to which a particular receptor responds effectively and that gives rise to a characteristic sensation; e.g., light and sound waves that stimulate, respectively, visual and auditory receptors. (05 Mar 2000) |
| aversive stimulus | <psychology> A noxious stimulus such as an electric shock used in aversive training or conditioning. See: aversive training. (05 Mar 2000) |
| maximal stimulus | A stimulus strong enough to evoke a maximal response. (05 Mar 2000) |
| conditioned stimulus | A stimulus applied to one of the sense organs (e.g., receptors of vision, hearing, touch) which are an essential and integral part of the neural mechanism underlying a conditioned reflex. See: classical conditioning, higher order conditioning. (05 Mar 2000) |
| heterologous stimulus | A stimulus that acts upon any part of the sensory apparatus or nerve tract. (05 Mar 2000) |
| heterotopic stimulus | Any electrical activation from an abnormal locus. (05 Mar 2000) |
| homologous stimulus | A stimulus that acts only on the nerve terminations in a special sense organ. (05 Mar 2000) |
| stimulus | Origin: L, for stigmulus, akin to L. Instigare to stimulate. See Instigare, Stick. 1. A goad; hence, something that rouses the mind or spirits; an incentive; as, the hope of gain is a powerful stimulus to labour and action. 2. <physiology> That which excites or produces a temporary increase of vital action, either in the whole organism or in any of its parts; especially, any substance or agent capable of evoking the activity of a nerve or irritable muscle, or capable of producing an impression upon a sensory organ or more particularly upon its specific end organ. Of the stimuli applied to the sensory apparatus, physiologists distinguish two kinds: (a) Homologous stimuli, which act only upon the end organ, and for whose action the sense organs are especially adapted, as the rods and cones of the retina for the vibrations of the either. (b) Heterologous stimuli, which are mechanical, chemical, electrical, etc, and act upon the nervous elements of the sensory apparatus along their entire course, producing, for example, the flash of light beheld when the eye is struck. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| stimulus control | The use of conditioning techniques to bring the target behaviour of an individual under environmental control. See: classical conditioning. (05 Mar 2000) |
제품명 |
판매사 |
보험코드 | 성분/함량 | 구분/보험급여 |
|---|
제품명 |
판매사 |
보험코드 | 성분/함량 | 구분/보험급여 |
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