| 영문 | irritation, stimulus | 한글 | 자극 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 생물에 작용하여 특정의 반응을 일으키는 요인. 보통 외계의 조건 변화에 따라 생물체에 특유한 활동이 왕성해지는 것을 생물체가 흥분했다고 하며, 흥분을 일으키는 원인이 된 외계의 조건 변화를 자극이라고 한다. 예를 들면, 바늘 끝으로 손등을 찌르면 신경섬유에 자극을 주게 되어, 이 신경섬유에 충격이라고 하는 어떤 변화가 생긴다. 이 충격이 전도되어 간다. 이 상태를 신경섬유가 흥분했다고 한다. 외적조건의 변화가 이것에 대응하는 감각기가 수용하여 자극이 되는데, 자극에 대한 반응에 반사적으로 일어나는 눈깜박이와 같은 국부적인 것이 있고, 기온의 변화에 대해서와 같이 전신적인 것도 있다. 세포자극으로서 작용하는 외계의 조건 변화는 그 에너지의 종류에 따라 기계적 자극-화학적 자극-온열적 자극-삼투압 자극-전기적 자극 등이 있다. 그 중 전기적 자극은 생체 속에서 자연히 일어나는 자극과 그로 인해 일어나는 흥분이 모두 전기적 과정이므로 자연히 일어나는 자극과 같거나, 그것에 가까운 것이다. 어떤 종류의 조건 변화는 도리어 흥분을 일으키기 어렵게 하는 것도 있다. |
||
| ECG | Electro-Cardio-Graphy(-Gram); 심전도 = EKG 1. Conducting System Structu... |
|---|---|
| RS | radioscaphoid; random sample; rating schedule; Raynaud syndrome; recipient's serum; rectal sinus; re... |
| CES | carboxylesterase; cauda equina syndrome; cat's eye syndrome; central excitatory state; chronic elect... |
| HELP | Hawaii early learning profile; Health Education Library Program; Health Emergency Loan Program; Heal... |
| JE | Japanese encephalitis; junctional escape |
| TER alb | transcapillary escape rate of albumin |
|---|---|
| US | 1-unconditioned stimulus |
| CS | Conditioned Stimulus |
| DS | Discriminative Stimulus |
| ISI | Inter-stimulus interval |
| escape | 1. To flee, and become secure from danger; often followed by from or out of. "Haste, for thy life escape, nor look behind" (Keble) 2. To get clear from danger or evil of any form; to be passed without harm. "Such heretics . . . Would have been thought fortunate, if they escaped with life." (Macaulay) 3. To get free from that which confines or holds; used of persons or things; as, to escape from prison, from arrest, or from slavery; gas escapes from the pipes; electricity escapes from its conductors. "To escape out of these meshes." (Thackeray) 1. The act of fleeing from danger, of evading harm, or of avoiding notice; deliverance from injury or any evil; flight; as, an escape in battle; a narrow escape; also, the means of escape; as, a fire escape. "I would hasten my escape from the windy storm." (Ps. Lv. 8) 2. That which escapes attention or restraint; a mistake; an oversight; also, transgression. "I should have been more accurate, and corrected all those former escapes." (Burton) 3. A sally. "Thousand escapes of wit." 4. The unlawful permission, by a jailer or other custodian, of a prisoner's departure from custody. Escape is technically distinguishable from prison breach, which is the unlawful departure of the prisoner from custody, escape being the permission of the departure by the custodian, either by connivance or negligence. The term escape, however, is applied by some of the old authorities to a departure from custody by stratagem, or without force. 5. An apophyge. 6. Leakage or outflow, as of steam or a liquid. 7. <physics> Leakage or loss of currents from the conducting wires, caused by defective insulation. <engineering> Escape pipe, the wheel of an escapement. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
|---|---|
| escape beat | Escaped beat, an automatic beat, usually arising from the A-V junction or ventricle, occurring after the next expected normal beat has defaulted; it is therefore always a late beat, terminating a longer cycle than the normal. Synonym: escape contraction. (05 Mar 2000) |
| escape-capture bigeminy | Paired beats, each couplet consisting of an escape beat followed by a conducted sinus beat. (05 Mar 2000) |
| escape conditioning | The technique whereby an organism learns to terminate unpleasant or punishing stimuli by making the appropriate new response which stops the delivery of such stimuli. Compare: avoidance conditioning. Synonym: escape training. (05 Mar 2000) |
| escape contraction | Escaped beat, an automatic beat, usually arising from the A-V junction or ventricle, occurring after the next expected normal beat has defaulted; it is therefore always a late beat, terminating a longer cycle than the normal. Synonym: escape contraction. (05 Mar 2000) |
| escape impulse | One or more impulse's (atrial, junctional, or ventricular) arising as a result of delay in the formation or arrival of impulses from the prevailing pacemaker. (05 Mar 2000) |
| escape interval | The time between the last beat of the patient's basic rhythm (ectopic or sinus beat) and a beat from a spontaneous escape focus or the initial electronic pacemaker impulse (a preset interval in the circuitry); it may be either a shorter or a longer time period than the pulse interval. (05 Mar 2000) |
| escape phenomenon | Failure of the pupil in an eye with optic neuritis to maintain constriction as both eyes are alternately stimulated with light. (05 Mar 2000) |
| escape reaction | Innate response elicited by sensory stimuli associated with a threatening situation, or actual confrontation with an enemy. (12 Dec 1998) |
| escape rhythm | Three or more consecutive impulses at a rate not exceeding the upper limit of the inherent pacemaker; extreme range of impulse formation at the sinoatrial node is between 40 to 180 impulses per minute, that of the atrioventricular junction is normally 40 to 60 impulses per minute, and the normal rate of the ventricular myocardium (idioventricular rhythm) is 20 to 40 impulses per minute. (05 Mar 2000) |
| escape training | The technique whereby an organism learns to terminate unpleasant or punishing stimuli by making the appropriate new response which stops the delivery of such stimuli. Compare: avoidance conditioning. Synonym: escape training. (05 Mar 2000) |
| escape ventricular contraction | An escape beat arising in the ventricle. (05 Mar 2000) |
| tumour escape | The ability of tumours to evade destruction by the immune system. Theories concerning possible mechanisms by which this takes place involve both cellular and humoral immunity, and also costimulatory pathways related to CD28 antigens and CD80 antigens. (12 Dec 1998) |
| adequate stimulus | A stimulus to which a particular receptor responds effectively and that gives rise to a characteristic sensation; e.g., light and sound waves that stimulate, respectively, visual and auditory receptors. (05 Mar 2000) |
| aversive stimulus | <psychology> A noxious stimulus such as an electric shock used in aversive training or conditioning. See: aversive training. (05 Mar 2000) |
제품명 |
판매사 |
보험코드 | 성분/함량 | 구분/보험급여 |
|---|
제품명 |
판매사 |
보험코드 | 성분/함량 | 구분/보험급여 |
|---|