| K wire | Kirschner wire |
|---|---|
| AWG | American Wire Gauge |
| GEWS | Gianturco expandable wire stent |
| SWG | silkworm gut; standard wire gauge |
| A-m2 | ampere-square meter |
| K-wire | Kirschner wire |
|---|---|
| chi 2 | Chi square |
| LMS | Least Mean Square |
| MSE | Mean Square Error |
| PLSR | Partial Least Square Regression |
| chi-square | A statistical technique whereby variables are categorised to determine whether a distribution of scores is due to chance or experimental factors. (05 Mar 2000) |
|---|---|
| chi-square distribution | A distribution in which a variable is distributed like the sum of the the squares of any given independent random variable, each of which has a normal distribution with mean of zero and variance of one. The chi-square test is a statistical test based on comparison of a test statistic to a chi-square distribution. The oldest of these tests are used to detect whether two or more population distributions differ from one another. (12 Dec 1998) |
| chi-square test | A statistical method of assessing the significance of a difference, as when the data from two or more samples is represented by a discrete number such as the numbers of females and males attending each of two colleges. Synonym: x2 test. (05 Mar 2000) |
| square | 1. <geometry> The corner, or angle, of a figure. A parallelogram having four equal sides and four right angles. 2. Hence, anything which is square, or nearly so; as: A square piece or fragment. "He bolted his food down his capacious throat in squares of three inches." (Sir W. Scott) A pane of glass. One hundred superficial feet. 3. An area of four sides, generally with houses on each side; sometimes, a solid block of houses; also, an open place or area for public use, as at the meeting or intersection of two or more streets. "The statue of Alexander VII. Stands in the large square of the town." (Addison) 4. <mechanics> An instrument having at least one right angle and two or more straight edges, used to lay out or test square work. It is of several forms, as the T square, the carpenter's square, the try-square, etc. 5. Hence, a pattern or rule. 6. <mathematics> The product of a number or quantity multiplied by itself; thus, 64 is the square of 8, for 8 <times/ 8 = 64; the square of a + b is a^2 + 2ab + b^2. 7. Exact proportion; justness of workmanship and conduct; regularity; rule. "They of Galatia [were] much more out of square." (Hooker) "I have not kept my square." (Shak) 8. A body of troops formed in a square, especially. One formed to resist a charge of cavalry; a squadron. "The brave squares of war." 9. The relation of harmony, or exact agreement; equality; level. "We live not on the square with such as these." (Dryden) 10. <astronomy> The position of planets distant ninety degrees from each other; a quadrate. 11. The act of squaring, or quarreling; a quarrel. 12. The front of a woman's dress over the bosom, usually worked or embroidered. Geometrical square. See Quadrat. Hollow square, a formation of troops in the shape of a square, each side consisting of four or five ranks, and the colours, officers, horses, etc, occupying the middle. Least square, Magic square, etc. See Least, Magic, etc. On the square, or Upon the square, in an open, fair manner; honestly, or upon honor. On, or Upon, the square with, upon equality with; even with. To be all squares, to be all settled. To be at square, to be in a state of quarreling. To break no square, to give no offense; to make no difference. To break squares, to depart from an accustomed order. To see how the squares go, to see how the game proceeds; a phrase taken from the game of chess, the chessboard being formed with squares. Origin: OF. Esquarre, esquierre, F. Equerre a carpenter's square (cf. It. Squadra), fr. (assumed) LL. Exquadrare to make square; L. Ex + quadrus a square, fr. Quattuor four. See Four, and cf. Quadrant, Squad, Squer a square. 1. <geometry> Having four equal sides and four right angles; as, a square figure. 2. Forming a right angle; as, a square corner. 3. Having a shape broad for the height, with rectilineal and angular rather than curving outlines; as, a man of a square frame. 4. Exactly suitable or correspondent; true; just. "She's a most truimphant lady, if report be square to her." (Shak) 5. Rendering equal justice; exact; fair; honest, as square dealing. 6. Even; leaving no balance; as, to make or leave the accounts square. 7. Leaving nothing; hearty; vigorous. "By Heaven, square eaters. More meat, I say." (Beau. & Fl) 8. at right angles with the mast or the keel, and parallel to the horizon; said of the yards of a square-rigged vessel when they are so braced. Square is often used in self-explaining compounds or combination, as in square-built, square-cornered, square-cut, square-nosed, etc. Square foot, an area equal to that of a square the sides of which are twelwe inches; 144 square inches. Square knot, a knot in which the terminal and standing parts are parallel to each other; a reef knot. Square measure, the measure of a superficies or surface which depends on the length and breadth taken conjointly. The units of square measure are squares whose sides are the linear measures; as, square inches, square feet, square meters, etc. Square number. See square. <mathematics> Square root of a number or quantity, a stern having a transom and joining the counter timbers at an angle, as distinguished from a round stern, which has no transom. Three-square, Five-square, etc, having three, five, etc, equal sides; as, a three-square file. To get square with, to get even with; to pay off. 1. To form with four sides and four right angles. 2. To form with right angles and straight lines, or flat surfaces; as, to square mason's work. 3. To compare with, or reduce to, any given measure or standard. 4. To adjust; to regulate; to mold; to shape; to fit; as, to square our actions by the opinions of others. "Square my trial To my proportioned strength." (Milton) 5. To make even, so as leave no remainder of difference; to balance; as, to square accounts. 6. <mathematics> To multiply by itself; as, to square a number or a quantity. 7. <astronomy> To hold a quartile position respecting. "The icy Goat and Crab that square the Scales." (Creech) 8. To place at right angles with the keel; as, to square the yards. To square one's shoulders, to raise the shoulders so as to give them a square appearance, a movement expressing contempt or dislike. <mathematics> To square the circle, to determine the exact contents of a circle in square measure. The solution of this famous problem is now generally admitted to be impossible. Origin: Cf. OF. Escarrer, esquarrer. See Square. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| square matrix | A matrix in which the numbers of rows and columns are equal. (05 Mar 2000) |
| square wave stimuli | Electrical stimulation in which the intensity of the current is brought suddenly to a given level and maintained at that level until it suddenly is cut off; this type of stimulus is particularly useful in obtaining a strength-duration curve. (05 Mar 2000) |
| inverse square law | As applied to point sources, the intensity of radiation diminishes in proportion to the square of the distance from the source. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Latin square | A statistical design for experiments that removes from experimental error the variation from two sources that may be identified with the rows and columns of a square. The allocation of experimental treatments is such that each treatment occurs exactly once in each row and column. For example, a design for a 5 × 5 square is as follows: (05 Mar 2000) |
| Begg light wire differential force technique | An orthodontic appliance utilizing small gauge labial wires with expansion and contraction loops formed into it and attached to bands fitted to individual teeth; sometimes called Begg light wire differential force technique. (05 Mar 2000) |
| wire | 1. To bind with wire; to attach with wires; to apply wire to; as, to wire corks in bottling liquors. 2. To put upon a wire; as, to wire beads. 3. To snare by means of a wire or wires. 4. To send (a message) by telegraph. Origin: Wired; Wiring. 1. To pass like a wire; to flow in a wirelike form, or in a tenuous stream. 2. To send a telegraphic message. 1. A thread or slender rod of metal; a metallic substance formed to an even thread by being passed between grooved rollers, or drawn through holes in a plate of steel. Wire is made of any desired form, as round, square, triangular, etc, by giving this shape to the hole in the drawplate, or between the rollers. 2. A telegraph wire or cable; hence, an electric telegraph; as, to send a message by wire. Wire bed, Wire mattress, an elastic bed bottom or mattress made of wires interwoven or looped together in various ways. Wire bridge, a bridge suspended from wires, or cables made of wire. Wire cartridge, a shot cartridge having the shot inclosed in a wire cage. Wire cloth, a coarse cloth made of woven metallic wire, used for strainers, and for various other purposes. Wire edge, the thin, wirelike thread of metal sometimes formed on the edge of a tool by the stone in sharpening it. Wire fence, a fence consisting of posts with strained horizontal wires, wire netting, or other wirework, between. Wire gauge or gage. A gauge for measuring the diameter of wire, thickness of sheet metal, etc, often consisting of a metal plate with a series of notches of various widths in its edge. A standard series of sizes arbitrarily indicated, as by numbers, to which the diameter of wire or the thickness of sheet metal in usually made, and which is used in describing the size or thickness. There are many different standards for wire gauges, as in different countries, or for different kinds of metal, the Birmingham wire gauges and the American wire gauge being often used and designated by the abbreviations B. W.G. And A. W.G. Respectively. Wire gauze, a texture of finely interwoven wire, resembling gauze. <botany> Wire grass, a wireworm. Wire iron, wire rods of iron. Wire lathing, wire cloth or wire netting applied in the place of wooden lathing for holding plastering. Wire mattress. See Wire bed, above. Wire micrometer, a micrometer having spider lines, or fine wires, across the field of the instrument. Wire nail, a nail formed of a piece of wire which is headed and pointed. Wire netting, a texture of woven wire coarser than ordinary wire gauze. Wire rod, a metal rod from which wire is formed by drawing. Wire rope, a rope formed wholly, or in great part, of wires. Origin: OE. Wir, AS. Wir; akin to Icel. Virr, Dan. Vire, LG. Wir, wire; cf. OHG. Wiara fine gold; perhaps akin to E. Withy. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| wire arch | A wire conforming to the dental arch; used to restore the normal curve to the denture. (05 Mar 2000) |
| wire-heel | <veterinary> A disease in the feet of a horse or other beast. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| wire-loop lesion | Thickening of the basement membrane, with fibrinoid staining, of scattered peripheral capillaries in renal glomeruli; characteristic of renal involvement in systemic lupus erythematosus; the appearance of an affected capillary wall resembles a loop used in microbiology. (05 Mar 2000) |
| wire splint | A device to stabilise teeth loosened by accident or by a periodontal condition in the maxilla or mandible; a device to reduce and stabilise maxillary or mandibular fractures by applying it to both jaws and connecting it by intermaxillary wires or rubber bands. (05 Mar 2000) |
| wire-tailed | <zoology> Having some or all of the tail quills terminated in a long, slender, pointed shaft, without a web or barbules. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
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