| GON | gonococcal ophthalmia neonatorum |
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| OPH | obliterative pulmonary hypertension; ophthalmia |
| RSSP | Russian Spring-Summer Panencephalitis |
| CS | calf serum; campomelic syndrome; carcinoid syndrome; cardiogenic shock; caries-susceptible; carotid ... |
| Hb | CS hemoglobin Constant Spring |
| SO | Sympathetic ophthalmia |
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| CS | Chinese Spring |
| CS | Constant Spring |
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| spring ophthalmia | A chronic, bilateral conjunctival inflammation with photophobia and intense itching that recurs seasonally during warm weather; characterised in the palpebral form by cobblestone papillae in the upper palpebral conjunctiva and in the bulbar form by gelatinous nodules adjacent to the corneoscleral limbus. Synonym: allergic conjunctivitis, spring conjunctivitis, spring ophthalmia, vernal catarrh, vernal keratoconjunctivitis. (05 Mar 2000) |
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| Russian spring-summer encephalitis virus | An arbovirus of the genus Flavivirus that occurs in Central Europe and the USSR in two subtypes, causing two forms of encephalitis in humans: tick-borne encephalitis (Central European subtype) and tick-borne encephalitis (Eastern subtype); the vectors are ticks of the genus Ixodes. Synonym: Russian spring-summer encephalitis virus, tick-borne virus. (05 Mar 2000) |
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| haemoglobin Constant Spring | An abnormal haemoglobin having an extended polypeptide chain (31 additional amino acid residues) on the a chain (thus, the a chain is 172 amino acids long); approximately 20% of the individuals with Hb H disease also have this defect. (05 Mar 2000) |
| spring | 1. To leap; to bound; to jump. "The mountain stag that springs From height to height, and bounds along the plains." (Philips) 2. To issue with speed and violence; to move with activity; to dart; to shoot. "And sudden light Sprung through the vaulted roof." (Dryden) 3. To start or rise suddenly, as from a covert. "Watchful as fowlers when their game will spring." (Otway) 4. To fly back; as, a bow, when bent, springs back by its elastic power. 5. To bend from a straight direction or plane surface; to become warped; as, a piece of timber, or a plank, sometimes springs in seasoning. 6. To shoot up, out, or forth; to come to the light; to begin to appear; to emerge; as a plant from its seed, as streams from their source, and the like; -often followed by up, forth, or out. "Till well nigh the day began to spring." (Chaucer) "To satisfy the desolate and waste ground, and to cause the bud of the tender herb to spring forth." (Job xxxviii. 27) "Do not blast my springing hopes." (Rowe) "O, spring to light; auspicious Babe, be born." (Pope) 7. To issue or proceed, as from a parent or ancestor; to result, as from a cause, motive, reason, or principle. "[They found] new hope to spring Out of despair, joy, but with fear yet linked." (Milton) 8. To grow; to prosper. "What makes all this, but Jupiter the king, at whose command we perish, and we spring?" (Dryden) To spring at, to leap toward; to attempt to reach by a leap. To spring forth, to leap out; to rush out. To spring in, to rush in; to enter with a leap or in haste. To spring on or upon, to leap on; to rush on with haste or violence; to assault. Origin: AS. Springan; akin to D. & G. Springen, OS. & OHG. Springan, Icel. & Sw. Springa, Dan. Springe; cf. Gr. To hasten. Cf. Springe, Sprinkle. 1. To cause to spring up; to start or rouse, as game; to cause to rise from the earth, or from a covert; as, to spring a pheasant. 2. To produce or disclose suddenly or unexpectedly. "She starts, and leaves her bed, amd springs a light." (Dryden) "The friends to the cause sprang a new project." (Swift) 3. To cause to explode; as, to spring a mine. 4. To crack or split; to bend or strain so as to weaken; as, to spring a mast or a yard. 5. To cause to close suddenly, as the parts of a trap operated by a spring; as, to spring a trap. 6. To bend by force, as something stiff or strong; to force or put by bending, as a beam into its sockets, and allowing it to straighten when in place; often with in, out, etc.; as, to spring in a slat or a bar. 7. To pass over by leaping; as, to spring a fence. To spring a butt, to strain it so that it is unserviceable. 1. A leap; a bound; a jump. "The prisoner, with a spring, from prison broke." (Dryden) 2. A flying back; the resilience of a body recovering its former state by elasticity; as, the spring of a bow. 3. Elastic power or force. "Heavens! what a spring was in his arm!" (Dryden) 4. An elastic body of any kind, as steel, India rubber, tough wood, or compressed air, used for various mechanical purposes, as receiving and imparting power, diminishing concussion, regulating motion, measuring weight or other force. The principal varieties of springs used in mechanisms are the spiral spring (Fig. A), the coil spring (Fig. B), the elliptic spring (Fig. C), the half-elliptic spring (Fig. D), the volute spring, the India-rubber spring, the atmospheric spring, etc. 5. Any source of supply; especially, the source from which a stream proceeds; as issue of water from the earth; a natural fountain. "All my springs are in thee." "A secret spring of spiritual joy." "The sacred spring whence and honor streams." 6. Any active power; that by which action, or motion, is produced or propagated; cause; origin; motive. "Our author shuns by vulgar springs to move The hero's glory, or the virgin's love." (Pope) 7. That which springs, or is originated, from a source; as: A race; lineage. A youth; a springal. A shoot; a plant; a young tree; also, a grove of trees; woodland. 8. That which causes one to spring; specifically, a lively tune. 9. The season of the year when plants begin to vegetate and grow; the vernal season, usually comprehending the months of March, April, and May, in the middle latitudes north of the equator. "The green lap of the new-come spring." Spring of the astronomical year begins with the vernal equinox, about March 21st, and ends with the summer solstice, about June 21st. 10. The time of growth and progress; early portion; first stage. "The spring of the day." "O how this spring of love resembleth The uncertain glory of an April day." (Shak) 11. A crack or fissure in a mast or yard, running obliquely or transversely. A line led from a vessel's quarter to her cable so that by tightening or slacking it she can be made to lie in any desired position; a line led diagonally from the bow or stern of a vessel to some point upon the wharf to which she is moored. Air spring, Boiling spring, etc. See Air, Boiling, etc. Spring back, a back with a curved piece of thin sheet iron or of stiff pasteboard fastened to the inside, the effect of which is to make the leaves of a book thus bound (as a ledger or other account or blank book) spring up and lie flat. Spring balance, a contrivance for measuring weight or force by the elasticity of a spiral spring of steel. Spring beam, a beam that supports the side of a paddle box. See Paddle beam, under Paddle, Spring beauty. <botany> See Springing line of an arch, under Springing. Spring of pork, the lower part of a fore quarter, which is divided from the neck, and has the leg and foot without the shoulder. "Sir, pray hand the spring of pork to me. <engineering>" (Gayton) Spring pin, an iron rod fitted between the springs and the axle boxes, to sustain and regulate the pressure on the axles. Spring rye, a kind of rye sown in the spring; in distinction from winter rye, sown in autumn. Spring stay, a preventer stay, to assist the regular one. Spring tide, the tide which happens at, or soon after, the new and the full moon, and which rises higher than common tides. See Tide. Spring wagon, a wagon in which springs are interposed between the body and the axles to form elastic supports. Spring wheat, any kind of wheat sown in the spring; in distinction from winter wheat, which is sown in autumn. Origin: AS. Spring a fountain, a leap. See Spring. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| spring conjunctivitis | A chronic, bilateral conjunctival inflammation with photophobia and intense itching that recurs seasonally during warm weather; characterised in the palpebral form by cobblestone papillae in the upper palpebral conjunctiva and in the bulbar form by gelatinous nodules adjacent to the corneoscleral limbus. Synonym: allergic conjunctivitis, spring conjunctivitis, spring ophthalmia, vernal catarrh, vernal keratoconjunctivitis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| spring finger | An affection in which the movement of the finger is arrested for a moment in flexion or extension and then continues with a jerk. Synonym: jerk finger, lock finger, snap finger, spring finger, stuck finger. (05 Mar 2000) |
| spring lancet | A lancet with a handle containing a blade that is activated by a spring. (05 Mar 2000) |
| spring ligament | <anatomy> A dense fibroelastic ligament that extends from the sustentaculum tali to the plantar surface of the navicular bone; it supports the head of the talus. Synonym: ligamentum calcaneonaviculare plantare, inferior calcaneonavicular ligament, spring ligament. (05 Mar 2000) |
| spring-run fish | <marine biology> Anadromous fish that return to fresh water in the spring, migrate to spawning areas and spawn during late summer or early autumn. (04 Mar 1998) |
| catarrhal ophthalmia | A mild form of conjunctivitis with mucopurulent secretion. (05 Mar 2000) |
| caterpillar-hair ophthalmia | The presence of nodular swellings on the conjunctiva, due to penetration of ocular tissues by the hairs of caterpillars. Synonym: caterpillar-hair ophthalmia. (05 Mar 2000) |
| gonorrhoeal ophthalmia | Acute purulent conjunctivitis excited by Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Synonym: blennophthalmia, blennorrhoea conjunctivalis, gonorrhoeal conjunctivitis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| granular ophthalmia | <ophthalmology> A chronic infectious disease of the conjunctiva and cornea, producing photophobia, pain, lacrimation and blindness. It is one of the oldest infectious diseases known to mankind, and dates back several thousand years with first documentation as early as the pharaonic era in Egypt. The disease is associated with poor socioeconomic conditions in general: with overcrowding, poor personal and environmental hygiene and, in particular, with very limited access to water and sanitation. Trachoma has been eliminated as a blinding disease from several previously hyperendemic countries and regions, both through significant improvements in the socioeconomic status of populations and through specific control efforts. Despite these successes, in many least developed countries of the world blinding trachoma continues to be an important public health problem. In some of the countries where trachoma was once hyperendemic, there remain residual pockets of blinding trachoma and complications, such as inturned eyelashes (trichiasis), which require eyelid surgery. Today, the disease is found mainly in poor rural areas, including parts of central and south America, most African countries and some countries in the Eastern Mediterranean. Trachoma is still endemic in several Asian countries, but there is a lack of updated information from some major populations, e.g. In India and China. The organism that causes this disease is Chlamydia trachomatis; a microorganism resembling both bacteria and viruses, which spreads through contact with eye discharge from the infected person (on towels, handkerchiefs, fingers, etc.) and through transmission by eye-seeking flies. Chlamydia trachomatis provokes an inflammatory reaction in the eye with formation of follicles in the conjunctiva. After years of repeated infections, the inside of the eyelids may be scarred so severely that the eyelid turns inwards with eyelashes rubbing on the eyeball. If untreated, this condition leads to blindness. The World Health Organization is working towards global elimination of trachoma, which is responsible, at present, for at least 15% of the world's blindness. Worldwide, there are about 6 million people largely irreversibly blinded by trachoma, and an estimated 146 million cases of active disease in need of treatment, if blindness is to be prevented. International efforts to eliminate trachoma as a blinding disease will be based on a combination of interventions known by the acronym "SAFE", which stands for Surgery for trichiasis (inturned eyelashes), Antibiotics, Facial cleanliness and Environmental improvement. These interventions will be community-targeted and will seek community involvement through the primary health care approach. Origin: Gr. Trachoma = roughness (07 May 1998) |
| periodic ophthalmia | An acute iridocyclitis of horses, involving one or both eyes; it subsides only to recur at intervals of varying length and usually ends in blindness; the cause is uncertain but some have associated it with leptospires; does not appear to be contagious. Synonym: moon blindness. (05 Mar 2000) |
| metastatic ophthalmia | Choroiditis in septicaemia. (05 Mar 2000) |
| phlyctenular ophthalmia | A circumscribed conjunctivitis accompanied by the formation of small red nodules of lymphoid tissue (phlyctenulae) on the conjunctiva. Synonym: phlyctenular ophthalmia. (05 Mar 2000) |
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