| aar | against all risks |
|---|---|
| OPRR | Office of Protection from Research Risks |
| SENSOR | Sentinel Event Notification System for Occupational Risks |
| SUPPORT | Study to Understand Prognoses and Preferences for Outcomes and Risks of Treatment |
| SUPPORT | Study to Understand Prognoses and Preferences for Outcomes and Risks of Treatment |
|---|
| risks, obesity-related | Obesity increases the risk of developing a number of diseases including: type 2 (adult-onset) diabetes high blood pressure (hypertension) stroke (cerebrovascular accident or cva) heart attack (myocardial infarction or mi) heart failure (congestive heart failure) cancer (only certain forms such as prostate and colon cancer) gallstones and gall bladder disease (cholecystitis) gout and gouty arthritis osteoarthritis (degenerative arthritis) of the knees, hips, and the lower back sleep apnea (failure to breath normally during sleep, lowering blood oxygen) pickwickian syndrome (obesity, red face, underventilation, and drowsiness) (12 Dec 1998) |
|---|
| bladder cancer risks | Smoking is a major risk factor. Cigarette smokers develop bladder cancer 2-3 times more often than do nonsmokers. Quitting smoking reduces the risk of bladder cancer, lung cancer, several other types of cancer, and a number of other diseases as well. Workers in some occupations are at higher risk of developing bladder cancer because of exposure to carcinogens (cancer-causing substances) in the workplace. These workers include people in the rubber, chemical, and leather industries, as well as hairstylists, machinists, metal workers, printers, painters, textile workers, and truck drivers. (12 Dec 1998) |
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| radiation risks | The risks to health posed by exposure to radiation. Exposure comes from both natural sources and from man-made ones (medical and occupational). See: background radiation.Because any amount of radiation may cause cellular mutations, considerable effort has been made by government and independent researchers to establish exposure guidelines. In most cases, natural sources account for the bulk of received radiation, with artificial sources adding only a small percentage to the average annual dose. Public perception of the hazards of radiation is often at odds with scientific positions on the matter. In part, equivocal research results (as in attempts to assess the added cancer risk posed by mammograms) contribute to public fears. Some psychological studies have concluded that whether or not public fears of nuclear power plants and other radiation sources are justified, the added stress caused by such fears in itself constitutes a threat to health that should be addressed. (05 Mar 2000) |
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