| RMP | rapidly miscible pool; regional medical program; regional myocardial infarction; resting membrane po... |
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| RPE | rate of perceived exertion; recurrent pulmonary embolism; retinal pigment epithelium; ribulose 5-pho... |
| RuMP | ribulose monophosphate pathway |
| Ru1,5P | ribulose-1,5-biphosphate |
| Ru5P | ribulose-5-phosphate |
| RuBisCO | D-ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase |
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| RuBisCO | Ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase |
| Rubisco | Ribulose-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase |
| InsP2 | Inositol bisphosphate |
| PtdIns(4,5)-P2 | Phosphatidylinositol (4,5)-bisphosphate |
| ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase | <enzyme> A copper protein that catalyses the formation of 2 moles of 3-phosphoglycerate from ribulose 1,5-biphosphate in the presence of carbon dioxide and is responsible for carbon dioxide fixation in photosynthesis. Carbon dioxide is combined with ribulose diphosphate to give two molecules of 3 phosphoglycerate, as part of the Calvin Benson cycle. It is the sole carbon dioxide fixing enzyme in C3 plants and collaborates with PEP carboxylase in carbon dioxide fixation in C4 plants. In the presence of oxygen the products of the reaction are one molecule of phosphoglyceric acid and one molecule of phosphoglycolic acid. The latter is the initial substrate for photorespiration and this oxygenase function occurs in C3 plants where the enzyme is not protected from ambient oxygen, in C4 plants the enzyme acts exclusively as a carboxylase since it is protected from oxygen. Also called Fraction 1 protein, the major protein of leaves. Chemical name: 3-Phospho-D-glycerate carboxy-lyase (dimerizing) Registry number: EC 4.1.1.39 (12 Dec 1998) |
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| ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase | A dimerizing carboxy-lyase; an enzyme that catalyses the addition of carbon dioxide to d-ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate and the hydrolysis of the addition product to two molecules of 3-d-phosphoglyceric acid, a key reaction in the fixation of CO2 in photosynthesis. Synonym: carboxydismutase. (05 Mar 2000) |
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| ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase-oxygenase large subunit epsilonN-methyltransferase | <enzyme> An aspect of EC 2.1.1.43; trimethylates lys-14 of rubisco Registry number: EC 2.1.1.- Synonym: rubisco lsmt, rubisco large subunit lysine n-methyltransferase (26 Jun 1999) |
| ribulose 1,5 bisphosphate | An intermediate in the Calvin Benson cycle of photosynthesis. (18 Nov 1997) |
| ribulose diphosphate carboxylase | <enzyme> A copper protein that catalyses the formation of 2 moles of 3-phosphoglycerate from ribulose 1,5-biphosphate in the presence of carbon dioxide and is responsible for carbon dioxide fixation in photosynthesis. Carbon dioxide is combined with ribulose diphosphate to give two molecules of 3 phosphoglycerate, as part of the Calvin Benson cycle. It is the sole carbon dioxide fixing enzyme in C3 plants and collaborates with PEP carboxylase in carbon dioxide fixation in C4 plants. In the presence of oxygen the products of the reaction are one molecule of phosphoglyceric acid and one molecule of phosphoglycolic acid. The latter is the initial substrate for photorespiration and this oxygenase function occurs in C3 plants where the enzyme is not protected from ambient oxygen, in C4 plants the enzyme acts exclusively as a carboxylase since it is protected from oxygen. Also called Fraction 1 protein, the major protein of leaves. Chemical name: 3-Phospho-D-glycerate carboxy-lyase (dimerizing) Registry number: EC 4.1.1.39 (12 Dec 1998) |
| ribulose | D-erythro-Pentulose; d-adonose; d-erythro-2-ketopentose;the 2-keto isomer of ribose. As the 5-phosphate, it participates in the pentose monophosphate shunt; as the 1,5-bisphosphate, it combines with CO2 at the start of the photosynthetic process in green plants ("carbon dioxide trap"); d-ribulose is the epimer of d-xylulose. (05 Mar 2000) |
| glucose 1,6-bisphosphate synthase | <enzyme> Glycerate-1,3-p(2) + glucose -1-p yields glycerate-p + glucose-1,6-p(2) Chemical name: glucose 1,6-diphosphate synthase Registry number: EC 2.7.1.106 (26 Jun 1999) |
| phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate | <biochemistry> This is a molecule of phosphatidylinositol with two additional sites of phosphorylation. It is an important constituent of cell membrane phospholipids as well as a precursor of the second messengers, diacylglycerol and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate. Acronym: PIP2 (20 Sep 2002) |
| phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate kinase | <enzyme> Membrane-associated enzyme Registry number: EC 2.7.1.- Synonym: ptdins 4,5-p2 kinase, phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate kinase, ptdins(4,5)p2 3oh-kinase (26 Jun 1999) |
| nucleoside bisphosphate | A nucleoside that carries two independent (i.e., not linked to each other) phosphoric residues. Compare: nucleoside diphosphate. (05 Mar 2000) |
| d-glucose 1,6-bisphosphate | A bisphosphorylated derivative of d-glucose that is a required intermediate in the interconversion of d-glucose 1-phosphate and d-glucose-6-phosphate. (05 Mar 2000) |
| inositol-1,4-bisphosphate 1-phosphatase | <enzyme> Acts only on inositol (1,4)-bisphosphate and inositol (1,3,4)-trisphosphate Registry number: EC 3.1.3.57 Synonym: ip2 1-phosphatase, d-myo-inositol (1,4)-bisphosphate 1-phosphatase, inositol bisphosphatase, inositol-1,4-bisphosphate-1-phosphatase, myoinositol diphosphatase, inositol polyphosphate 1-phosphatase (26 Jun 1999) |
| inositol-1,4-bisphosphate 4-phosphohydrolase | <enzyme> Soluble rat brain enzyme highly specific for inositol 1,4-bisphosphate; does not act on inositol 1-phosphate or inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate Registry number: EC 3.1.3.- Synonym: ibp 4-phosphohydrolase (26 Jun 1999) |
| octulose 1,8-bisphosphate-heptulose 7-phosphotransferase | <enzyme> Catalyses phosphate transfer at c-1 between octulose 1,8-bisphosphate and sedoheptulose-7-phosphate; found in mammalian tissues with pentosephosphate pathway activity Registry number: EC 2.7.1.- Synonym: octop-sehp phosphotransferase, d-glycero d-ido octulose 1,8-bisphosphate-d-altro-heptulose 7-phosphotransferase (26 Jun 1999) |
| fructose 1,6-bisphosphate | <biochemistry> This key intermediate in glycolysis and gluconeogenesis (a hexose diphosphate) was discovered by Arthur Harden and William Young in 1905. In the third step of glycolysis, fructose 6-phosphate and ATP are converted to fructose 1,6-bisphosphate and ADP with the aid of phosphofructokinase. In step 4, fructose 1,6 bisphosphate (with the aid of aldolase) is cleaved into duhydroxyacetone phosphate and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate. Synonym: hexosebisphosphatase, hexosediphosphatase. (08 Mar 2000) |
| fructose 2,6-bisphosphate | An analog of fructose 1,6-bisphosphate that plays a key role in the regulation of glycolysis and gluconeogenesis; activates phosphofructokinase and inhibits fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase. (05 Mar 2000) |
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