| ¿µ¹® | basal metabolic rate(BMR) | ÇÑ±Û | ±âÃÊ´ë»çÀ² |
|---|---|---|---|
| ¼³¸í | Ç¥ÁØ ±âÃÊ´ë»ç·®°ú ºñ±³ÇßÀ» ¶§ °³Ã¼ ±âÃÊ´ë»ç·®ÀÌ º¸ÀÌ´Â ÆíÂ÷¸¦ Ç¥½ÃÇÏ´Â Áö¼ö. ±âÃÊ´ë»ç·®Àº »ý¸íÀ» À¯ÁöÇϴµ¥ ÇÊ¿äÇÑ ÃÖ¼ÒÇÑÀÇ ¿¡³ÊÁö ´ë»ç·®À̸ç, ¼º°ú ¿¬·ÉÀÌ µ¿ÀÏÇÑ °Ç°ÀÎÀÇ ±âÃÊ´ë»ç·®Àº üǥ¸éÀû¿¡ ºñ·ÊÇÑ´Ù. À̰ÍÀ» üǥ¸éÀûÀÇ ¹ýÄ¢À̶ó°í Çϸç, 1882³â µ¶ÀÏÀÇ ´ë»ç»ý¸®ÇÐÀÚ M. ºê·ç³Ê¿¡ ÀÇÇØ Á¦Ã¢µÇ¾ú´Ù. üǥ¸éÀûÀº ½ÅÀå°ú üÁß¿¡ ÀÇÇØ »êÃâµÈ´Ù. µû¶ó¼ ¼º-¿¬·É-½ÅÀå-üÁßÀ» ¾Ë¸é Ç¥ÁرâÃÊ·® Y°¡ »êÃâµÇ°í ½ÇÁ¦ÀÇ ±âÃÊ´ë»ç·® X´Â »ê¼Ò¼Òºñ·®°ú ÀÌ»êÈź¼Ò ¹ß»ý·®¿¡¼ »êÃâµÈ´Ù. ±×¸®°í X¿Í YÀÇ Â÷À̸¦ Y·Î ³ª´« °ª(%)À» ±âÃÊ´ë»çÀ²À̶ó°í ÇÑ´Ù. °æÇèÀûÀ¸·Î ¾òÀº BMRÀÇ °£´ÜÇÑ ÃøÁ¤¹ýµµ ÀÖÀ¸¸ç ´ÙÀ½°ú °°Àº ½ÄÀ¸·Î ±¸ÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌ ½Ä¿¡¼ ¸ÆÆøÀ̶õ ÃÖ°íÇ÷¾Ð°ú ÃÖÀúÇ÷¾ÐÀÇ Â÷¸¦ ¸»ÇÑ´Ù. BMR(%)=0.75(1ºÐ ¸Æ¹Ú¼ö + 0.74¡¿¸ÆÆø)£72. BMRÀÌ 10% À̳»À̸é Á¤»ó¹üÀ§, +10% ÀÌ»óÀÌ¸é ±âÃÊ´ë»çÇ×Áø, £10% ÀÌÇÏÀÌ¸é ±âÃÊ´ë»ç ÀúÇ϶ó°í ÇÑ´Ù. ±âÃÊ´ë»ç´Â °øº¹½Ã(½ÄÈÄ 10½Ã°£ °æ°ú)¿¡ ¾ÈÁ¤µÈ »óÅ¿¡¼ ´ÜÀ§ ½Ã°£´ç ÀÌ¿ëµÇ´Â ¿¡³ÊÁöÀÇ ¾ç, Áï, ÇÑ ½Ã°£´ç, ¸ö Ç¥¸éÀÇ 1m2´ç ¶Ç´Â ¸ö¹«°Ô 1kg ´ç Ä®·Î¸®·Î ³ªÅ¸³½´Ù. À̰ÍÀº °³Àο¡ µû¶ó ´Ù¸£¸ç Àå±â°£¿¡´Â °ÅÀÇ º¯È°¡ ¾øÁö¸¸ Áúº´ µîÀ¸·Î ÀÎÇØ º¯µ¿µÈ´Ù. ½ÇÃøÇÑ ±âÃÊ´ë»ç¸¦ Ç¥ÁØÄ¡¿Í ºñ±³ÇÔÀ¸·Î½á Áúº´ÀÇ Áø´Ü µî¿¡ ÀÀ¿ëÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù BMR=(½ÇÃøÄ¡-Ç¥ÁØÄ¡)/Ç¥ÁØÄ¡ ¡¿100(%)·Î ³ªÅ¸³½´Ù. |
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| ¿µ¹® | pacemaker | ÇÑ±Û | ±æÀâÀÌ, ½ÉÀ屿ÀâÀÌ |
|---|---|---|---|
| ¼³¸í | ¿ì½É¹æ°ú »ó´ëÁ¤¸ÆÀÇ ¿¬Á¢ºÎ¿¡ Àִ Ưº°ÇÑ ½Å°æÁ¶Á÷¿Í µ¿¹æ°áÀý¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ ½É¹æ¼öÃàÀÌ ¹æ½Ç°áÀý·Î Àü´ÞµÇ¸é ½É½ÇÀÇ ¼öÃàÀÌ ½ÃÀ۵ȴÙ. ½É¹æ-¹æ½Ç°áÀý-½É½Ç¿¡¼ ¹ß»ýÇÏ´Â À̼Ҽº ¶Ç´Â ÀáÀ缺 ±æÀâÀÌ´Â ºñÁ¤»óÀû ½ÉÀå±â´É¿¡¼ ³ªÅ¸³ª´Â ¼öÃàÀÇ ¿øÀÎÀÌ µÇ±âµµ ÇÑ´Ù. ½ÉÀå ±æÀâÀ̶õ ½ÉÀå±ÙÀ°À» Àü±â·Î ÀÚ±ØÇÏ¿© ½ÉÇÑ ´À¸°¸Æ¿¡¼ ½ÉÀå¹Úµ¿·üÀ» Áõ°¡½Ã۴µ¥ ¾²ÀÌ´Â Àü±âÀû ÀåÄ¡. ½ÉÀåÀÌ »ý¸í À¯Áö¿¡ ÇÊ¿äÇÑ ÃÖ¼ÒÇÑÀÇ ¼Óµµ·Îµµ ÀÚ¹ßÀûÀÎ ¼öÃàÀ» ÇÏÁö ¸øÇÒ ¶§ ½É¹ÚÁ¶À²±â°¡ ÀÏÁ¤ÇÏ°Ô °íÁ¤µÈ ¼ÓµµÀÇ Àü±âÀû ÀÚ±ØÀ» ÀϽÃÀû ¶Ç´Â ¿µ±¸ÀûÀ¸·Î º¸³¾ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. |
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| ¿µ¹® | pacemaker | ÇÑ±Û | ¹Úµ¿Á¶À²±â |
|---|---|---|---|
| ¼³¸í | ¿ì½É¹æ°ú »ó´ëÁ¤¸ÆÀÇ ¿¬Á¢ºÎ¿¡ Àִ Ưº°ÇÑ ½Å°æÁ¶Á÷¿Í µ¿¹æ°áÀý¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ ½É¹æ¼öÃàÀÌ ¹æ½Ç°áÀý·Î Àü´ÞµÇ¸é ½É½ÇÀÇ ¼öÃàÀÌ ½ÃÀ۵ȴÙ. ½É¹æ-¹æ½Ç°áÀý-½É½Ç¿¡¼ ¹ß»ýÇÏ´Â À̼Ҽº ¶Ç´Â ÀáÀ缺 ±æÀâÀÌ´Â ºñÁ¤»óÀû ½É±â´É¿¡¼ ³ªÅ¸³ª´Â ¼öÃàÀÇ ¿øÀÎÀÌ µÇ±âµµ ÇÑ´Ù. ½ÉÀå ±æÀâÀ̶õ ½ÉÀå±ÙÀ°À» Àü±â·Î ÀÚ±ØÇÏ¿© ½ÉÇÑ ´À¸°¸Æ¿¡¼ ½ÉÀå¹Úµ¿·üÀ» Áõ°¡½Ã۴µ¥ ¾²ÀÌ´Â Àü±âÀû ÀåÄ¡. ½ÉÀåÀÌ »ý¸í À¯Áö¿¡ ÇÊ¿äÇÑ ÃÖ¼ÒÇÑÀÇ ¼Óµµ·Îµµ ÀÚ¹ßÀûÀÎ ¼öÃàÀ» ÇÏÁö ¸øÇÒ ¶§ ½É¹ÚÁ¶À²±â°¡ ÀÏÁ¤ÇÏ°Ô °íÁ¤µÈ ¼ÓµµÀÇ Àü±âÀû ÀÚ±ØÀ» ÀϽÃÀû ¶Ç´Â ¿µ±¸ÀûÀ¸·Î º¸³¾ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. |
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| ¿µ¹® | pacemaker(of heart) | ÇÑ±Û | ½ÉÀå¹Úµ¿±â |
|---|---|---|---|
| ¼³¸í | ½ÉÀåÀÇ Àü±âÀû ÀÚ±ØÀÌ º´ÀûÀÎ »óÅ·Π¹ß»ýÇÏÁö ¾Ê°Å³ª, ȤÀº ½É½Ç·Î Àß ÀüÇØÁöÁö ¾ÊÀ» ¶§ »ç¿ëÇÑ´Ù. ÀϽÃÀû ½ÉÀå¹Úµ¿±â¿Í ¿µ±¸Àû ½ÉÀå¹Úµ¿±â°¡ ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, °¢±â ¾²ÀÌ´Â ¿ëµµ´Â º´¿¡ µû¶ó ´Ù¸£´Ù. ¿äÁò¿¡ ³ª¿À´Â ½ÉÀå ¹Úµ¿±â´Â °ÇÀüÁöÀÇ ¼ö¸íµµ ¹Ý¿µ±¸ÀûÀ̸ç, ¹Û¿¡¼ Á¶Á¤ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ°í, ¿îµ¿À̳ª ½ºÆ®·¹½º »óȲ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ½ÉÀåÀÇ ºü¸¥ ¿îµ¿¿¡µµ Àß ÀûÀÀÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖµµ·Ï ¸¸µé¾îÁ® ÀÖ´Ù. |
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| ¿µ¹® | five-year survival rate | ÇÑ±Û | ¿À³â»ýÁ¸À² |
|---|---|---|---|
| ¼³¸í | 1. µ¿ÀÏ Áúº´ÀÇ Áø´Ü ȤÀº Ä¡·á ÈÄ, 5³âÀÌ °æ°ú µÈ µÚÀÇ »ýÁ¸ÀÚ¼öÀÇ Ç¥Çö. 2. ¾ÏÀÇ Áø´Ü ¶Ç´Â Ä¡·á µÚ¿¡ °Ë»ç¸¦ ¹Ýº¹ÇÏ¿© 5³â µ¿¾È »ì¾Æ ÀÖ´Â »ç¶÷ÀÇ ¹éºÐÀ². Ä¡·á ÈÄ 5³â µ¿¾È »ýÁ¸Çϸé ÀÏ´Ü Ä¡À¯µÈ °ÍÀ¸·Î °£ÁÖÇÑ´Ù. |
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| ECG | Electro-Cardio-Graphy(-Gram); ½ÉÀüµµ = EKG 1. Conducting System Structu... |
|---|---|
| CPR | cardiopulmonary reserve; cardiopulmonary resuscitation; centripetal rub; cerebral cortex perfusion r... |
| CSR | central supply room; chart-stimulated recall [test]; Cheyne-Stokes respiration; continued stay revie... |
| PR | by way of the rectum [Lat. per rectum]; far point [of accommodation] [Lat. punctum remotum]; palindr... |
| AOO | anodal opening odor; atrial asynchronous (competitive, fixed-rate) [pacemaker] |
| PMT | Pacemaker-Mediated Tachycardia |
|---|---|
| TRE | 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate responsive element |
| ARE | antioxidant responsive element |
| CRE | Cyclic AMP responsive elements |
| CREB | Cyclic AMP-responsive element binding protein |
| fixed-rate pacemaker | An artificial pacemaker that emits electrical stimuli at a constant frequency. (05 Mar 2000) |
|---|---|
| antigen-responsive cell | A small lymphocyte that, although not itself an immunologically activated cell, responds to antigenic (immunogenic) stimulus by a process of division and differentiation that results in the production of immunologically activated cells. Synonym: antigen-responsive cell. (05 Mar 2000) |
| chemo-responsive | Responds to chemotherapy, for example, a tumour is chemo-responsive if it shrinks in size following chemotherapy. (16 Dec 1997) |
| sodium-responsive periodic paralysis | A form of periodic paralysis in which the serum potassium level is within normal limits during attacks; onset usually occurs between the ages of 2 and 5 years; there is often severe quadriplegia, usually improved by the administration of sodium salts; autosomal dominant inheritance. Synonym: sodium-responsive periodic paralysis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| DNA-binding protein, cyclic AMP-responsive | A protein that has been shown to function as a calcium regulated transcription factor as well as a substrate for depolarisation-activated calcium calmodulin-dependent protein kinases I and II. This protein functions to integrate both calcium and camp signals. (12 Dec 1998) |
| dopa-responsive dystonia | A condition successfully treated with drugs. Typically, DRD begins in childhood or adolescence with progressive difficulty in walking and, in some cases, spasticity. Segawa's dystonia is an important variant of DRD. In Segawa's dystonia, the symptoms fluctuate during the day from relative mobility in the morning to increasingly worse disability in the afternoon and evening as well as after exercise. Some scientists feel DRD is not only rare but also rarely diagnosed since it mimics many of the symptoms of cerebral palsy. (12 Dec 1998) |
| dystonia, dopa-responsive | A condition successfully treated with drugs. Typically, DRD begins in childhood or adolescence with progressive difficulty in walking and, in some cases, spasticity. Segawa's dystonia is an important variant of DRD. In Segawa's dystonia, the symptoms fluctuate during the day from relative mobility in the morning to increasingly worse disability in the afternoon and evening as well as after exercise. Some scientists feel DRD is not only rare but also rarely diagnosed since it mimics many of the symptoms of cerebral palsy. (12 Dec 1998) |
| familial pyridoxine-responsive anaemia | A rare autosomal recessive hereditary hypochromic anaemia; autosomal trait, responsive to pyridoxine. (05 Mar 2000) |
| artificial pacemaker | Any device that substitutes for the normal pacemaker and controls the rhythm of the organ; especially an electronic cardiac pacemaker, which may be implanted in the chest, with electrodes attached to the external cardiac surface, or passed through the venous circulation into the right side of the heart (pervenous pacemaker). (05 Mar 2000) |
| cardiac pacemaker | An electrical device which delivers a small stimulant shock to the heart to effect cardiac contraction at a pre-determined rate. Many of today's pacemakers have two main components: the electrodes and the transducer (pulse generator). The electrodes are wires which are placed into the circulatory system and make physical contact with the heart muscle. A small electrical discharge from the pacemaker electrode stimulates the muscular wall of the heart to contract, thus pumping blood in an organised fashion. The transducer is a small device, usually implanted under the skin, that generates the electrical discharge at a pre-determined frequency. Transducers can monitor your heart's rate of contraction and deliver an electrical shock only when the heart is going too slow. (27 Sep 1997) |
| pacemaker | 1. <apparatus, physiology> An object or substance that influences the rate at which a certain phenomenon occurs, often used alone to indicate the natural cardiac pacemaker or an artificial cardiac pacemaker. 2. <biochemistry> A substance whose rate of reaction sets the pace for a series of interrelated reactions. (24 Mar 1998) |
| pacemaker, artificial | A device designed to stimulate, by electric impulses, contraction of the heart muscles. It may be temporary (external) or permanent (internal or internal-external). (12 Dec 1998) |
| pacemaker failure | Failure of an artificial pacemaker to generate or deliver effective stimuli to the myocardium. (05 Mar 2000) |
| pacemaker output | Electrical energy delivered into a standard load (500 ohms resistance). (05 Mar 2000) |
| pacemaker potential | The voltage inscribed by impulses from an artificial electronic pacemaker. (05 Mar 2000) |
| rate responsive pacemaker |
an artificial cardiac pacemaker that can deliver stimuli at a rate adjustable to some parameter independent of atrial activity, such as respiratory rate, physical activity level, blood temperature, or mixed venous oxygen saturation level.
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