| FVT | follicular-variant-translocation |
|---|---|
| rcp | reciprocal translocation |
| rob | robertsonian translocation |
| tan | tandem translocation; tangent |
| TTG | T-cell translocation gene; telethermography; tellurite, taurocholate, and gelatin |
| BT | Bacterial Translocation |
|---|---|
| JT | Jumping translocation |
| MTC | Major Translocation Cluster |
| RT | reciprocal translocation |
| TAT | twin arginine translocation |
| membrane-bound proton-translocating PPi synthase | <enzyme> From rhodospirillum rubrum; functions as an alternative coupling factor; n,n'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide-sensitive; catalyses the phosphorylation of pi to ppi, the hydrolysis of ppi and the concomitant translocation of proton across the plasma membrane Registry number: EC 3.6.1.- Synonym: h(+)-ppi synthase (26 Jun 1999) |
|---|---|
| proton | <physics> An elementary atomic particle with a positive charge and a mass of about 1 amu. (09 Oct 1997) |
| proton acceptor | <chemistry> A base, an anionic substance that acceptsa proton during an acid-basereaction. (09 Oct 1997) |
| proton ATPase | <enzyme> An ion pump that actively transports hydrogen ions across lipid bilayers in exchange for ATP. Major groups are the F-type ATPases, that run in reverse to synthesise ATP in bacterial, mitochondrial and chloroplast membranes (ATP synthase) and the V-type ATPases found in intracellular vesicles with an acidic lumen and on certain epithelial cells (e.g. Kidney intercalated cells). Gastric H/K ATPase is a proton ATPase. (18 Nov 1997) |
| proton donor | <chemistry> An acid, a susbstance that donates protons in an acid-base reduction reaction. (10 Jan 1998) |
| proton-motive force | Energy that is generated by the transfer of protons or electrons across an energy-transducing membrane and that can be used for chemical, osmotic, or mechanical work. Proton-motive force can be generated by a variety of phenomena including the operation of an electron transport chain, illumination of a purple membrane, and the hydrolysis of ATP by a proton atpase. (12 Dec 1998) |
| proton pump | Integral membrane proteins that transport protons across a membrane against a concentration gradient. This transport is driven by hydrolysis of ATP by hydrogen-transporting ATP synthase. (12 Dec 1998) |
| proton pump inhibitor | <pharmacology> A group of anti-ulcer medications which work by binding to H+/K+ ATPase, an enzyme which is found on the secretory surface of parietal cells. It thereby inhibits the final transport of hydrogen ions (via exchange with potasium) into the gastric lumen. Examples of proton pump inhibitors include omeprazole and lansoprazole. (27 Sep 1997) |
| bacterial translocation | The passage of viable bacteria from the gastrointestinal tract to extra-intestinal sites, such as the mesenteric lymph node complex, liver, spleen, kidney, and blood. Factors that promote bacterial translocation include overgrowth with gram-negative enteric bacilli, impaired host immune defenses, and injury to the intestinal mucosa resulting in increased intestinal permeability. These mechanisms can act in concert to promote synergistically the systemic spread of indigenous translocating bacteria to cause lethal sepsis. (12 Dec 1998) |
| balanced translocation | <genetics> A number of the chromosomal mutations called translocations, where a segment of DNA abnormally becomes attached to the wrong chromosome, which results in two nonhomologous chromosomes being able to cross over, something which normally can occur only between homologous chromosomes. (09 Oct 1997) |
| gene translocation | The movement of a gene fragment from one chromosomal location to another, which often alters or abolishes expression. (09 Oct 1997) |
| reciprocal translocation | Translocation without demonstrable loss of genetic material. (05 Mar 2000) |
| group translocation | A process of actively importing compounds into the bacterial cell. The compound diffuses into the cell passively, and is immediately modified (for example by phosphorylation) so that it cannot diffuse back out. (09 Oct 1997) |
| Robertsonian translocation | <molecular biology> A special type of nonreciprocal translocation in chromosomes whereby the long arms of two nonhomologous acrocentric chromosomes are attached to a single centromere. The short arms become attached to form a reciprocal structure that however often disappears some divisions after its formation. (17 Dec 1997) |
| chromosome translocation | <cell biology> The fusion of part of one chromosome onto part of another. Largely sporadic and random, there are some translocations at hot spots that occur often enough to be clinically significant. See: Philadelphia translocation. (18 Nov 1997) |
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