| 영문 | neuron | 한글 | 뉴런, 신경원 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 하나의 신경세포를 이른다. 신경세포의 구조는 올바른 신경전달을 위한 각 부분별로 나뉘어져 있다. 즉 위에서 전해져 내려오는 신경자극은 가지돌기를 통해 받아져서, 그 신경세포 막을 따라 전기적 자극으로 바뀌어져 내려가게 된다. 수상돌기에서 세포체, 그리고 축삭으로 건내어져 신경종말에 이르러 근육이나, 혹은 다른 신경조직으로 전달되어 지는 것이다. 이때 축삭주위에는 절연체인 말이집(myelin sheath)가 둘러싸여져 있고 각 수초사이에는 절흔이 존재하는데 이것을 란비에 결절(Ranvier's node)이라 부른다. 신경전달이 빨리 이루어지도록 하기위해 고등생물에 존재하는 란비에 결절은 이 결절들사이로만 신경전달이 이루어져 보다 빠른 전달이 일어난다. 신경세포의 분류는 주로 기능이나, 혹은 그 전달의 방향에 따라 분류하지만, 말초신경중 중요한 신경이나, 중추신경은 각기 그 명칭이 정해져 있다. 즉, “운동신경(운동을 담당하는 신경조직. 주로 사지말단에 분포한다)”, “감각신경(감각을 담당하는 신경조직으로 통각, 온도감각, 촉각 등을 뇌로 전달해주는 역할을 한다)” 등으로 불리워지거나, 또는 “들신경(밖에서 안으로 유입된다는 뜻으로 주로 감각신경을 뜻한다)” “날신경(안에서 바깥으로 작용을 가하기위해 나간다는 뜻으로 주로 운동신경이나 자율신경을 뜻한다)”등으로 불리워 지고, 중요한 신경인 경우는 정강신경, 종아리신경 등으로 고유명칭이 붙여져 있다 신경세포를 이루고 있는 모든 부분에서 이상이 나타날 수 있으며, 이때 신경체나 혹은 신경핵의 손상은 중추신경계(주로 뇌에서 직접 분지되어 내려온 신경을 말함)에서는 재생될 수 없으며, 주위 수초 등에 의한 병터에서는 재생이 가능하다. |
||
| EPSC | excitatory postsynaptic current |
|---|---|
| EPSP | excitatory postsynaptic potential |
| IPSC | inhibitory postsynaptic current |
| IPSP | inhibitory postsynaptic potential |
| PSD | particle size distribution; peptone, starch, and dextrose; periodic synchronous discharge; phase-sen... |
| EPSC | Excitatory postsynaptic current |
|---|---|
| f-EPSPs | Fast excitatory postsynaptic potentials |
| fEPSP | Field excitatory postsynaptic potential |
| IPSPs | inhibitor postsynaptic potentials |
| MEPSP | Miniature excitatory postsynaptic potential |
| postsynaptic | Pertaining to the area on the distal side of a synaptic cleft. (05 Mar 2000) |
|---|---|
| postsynaptic cell | In a chemical synapse, the cell that receives a signal (binds neurotransmitter) from the presynaptic cell and responds with depolarisation In an electrical synapse, the postsynaptic cell would just be downstream, but since many electrical synapses are rectifying, one of the two cells involved will always be postsynaptic. (18 Nov 1997) |
| postsynaptic membrane | That part of the plasma membrane of a neuron or muscle fibre with which an axon terminal forms a synaptic junction; in many instances, at least part of such a small postsynaptic membrane patch shows characteristic morphological modifications such as greater thickness and higher electron-density, believed to correspond to the transmitter-sensitive receptor site of such synapses. (05 Mar 2000) |
| postsynaptic potential | In a synapse, a change in the resting potential of a postsynaptic cell following stimulation of the presynaptic cell. For example: in a cholinergic synapse, the release of acetylcholine from the presynaptic cell causes channels to open in the postsynaptic cell. Each channel opening causes a small depolarisation, known as a miniature end plate potential (mepp), these sum to produce an excitatory postsynaptic potential. (18 Nov 1997) |
| inhibitory postsynaptic potential | The change in potential produced in the membrane of the next neuron when an impulse which has an inhibitory influence arrives at the synapse; it is a local change in the direction of hyperpolarization; the frequency of discharge of a given neuron is determined by the extent to which impulses that lead to excitatory postsynaptic potential's predominate over those that cause inhibitory postsynaptic potential's. (05 Mar 2000) |
| excitatory postsynaptic potential | The change in potential which is produced in the membrane of the next neuron when an impulse which has an excitatory influence arrives at the synapse; it is a local change in the direction of depolarisation; summation of these potential's can lead to discharge of an impulse by the neuron. (05 Mar 2000) |
| excitatory postsynaptic potentials | The change in potential produced in the membrane of the next neuron when an impulse which has an excitatory influence arrives at the synapse; it is a local change in the direction of depolarisation; summation of these potentials can lead to discharge of an impulse by the neuron. (12 Dec 1998) |
| autonomic motor neuron | See: motor neuron. (05 Mar 2000) |
| bipolar neuron | A neuron that has two processes arising from opposite poles of the cell body. (05 Mar 2000) |
| magnocellular neuron | <anatomy, neurology> A neuron in the magnocellular region of the brain. Perhaps the first class of neuron from the central nervous system shown to be sensitive to nerve growth factor (that had previously been thought only to act at the periphery). (18 Nov 1997) |
| ganglionic motor neuron | See: motor neuron. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Mauthner neuron | <biology, marine biology> Large neuron in the mesencephalon of fishes and amphibians. A rare example of an individually identifiable neuron in a vertebrate nervous system. (18 Nov 1997) |
| visceral motor neuron | See: motor neuron. (05 Mar 2000) |
| cell adhesion molecules, neuron-glia | Cell adhesion molecules that mediate neuron-neuron adhesion and neuron-astrocyte adhesion. They are expressed on neurons and schwann cells, but not astrocytes and are involved in neuronal migration, neurite fasciculation, and outgrowth. Ng-cam is immunologically and structurally distinct from ncam (neural cell adhesion molecules). (12 Dec 1998) |
| Golgi type II neuron | <physiology> Nerve cells with short axons which ramify in the gray matter. (05 Mar 2000) |
제품명 |
판매사 |
보험코드 | 성분/함량 | 구분/보험급여 |
|---|
제품명 |
판매사 |
보험코드 | 성분/함량 | 구분/보험급여 |
|---|