| ¿µ¹® | deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) | ÇÑ±Û | µ¥¿Á½Ã¸®º¸ÇÙ»ê |
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| ¼³¸í | ÇÙ»êÀÇ ÀÏÁ¾À¸·Î DNA¶ó°íµµ ÇÑ´Ù. DeoxyribonucleotideÀÇ ÁßÇÕüÀ̸ç À¯ÀüÀÚÀÇ ÈÇÐÀû º»Ã¼ÀÌ´Ù. RNA¹ÙÀÌ·¯½º ÀÌ¿ÜÀÇ ¸ðµç »ý¹°Àº DNA¸¦ À¯ÀüÀÚ·Î Áö´Ï°í ÀÖ´Ù. µð¿Á½Ã¸®º¸´ºÅ¬·¹¿ÀƼµå(deoxyribonucleotide)´Â ¿°±â¿Í ´ç(2'-deoxy-D-ribose)°ú ÀλêÀ¸·Î ÀÌ·ç¾îÁø´Ù. ¿°±â´Â ¾Æµ¥´Ñ(adenine), ±¸¾Æ´Ñ(guanine), Ƽ¹Î(thymine)¹× ½ÃÅä½Å(cytosine)ÀÇ 4°¡ÁöÀ̸ç, À̰ÍÀº ´ç¿¡ ºÎÂøµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÎ»ê ¿ª½Ã ´çÀÇ ÇÑ ºÎºÐ¿¡ ºÎÂøµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ deoxyribonucleotideÀÇ ´çÀº ´Ù¸¥ deoxy- ribonucleotideÀÇ ´ç°ú ÀλêÀ» »çÀÌ¿¡ ³õ°í °áÇÕÀ» ÇÏ°Ô µÇ¾î ÇϳªÀÇ ±ä »ç½½À» Çü¼ºÇÏ°Ô µÈ´Ù. Áï ´ç°ú ÀλêÀÌ ÁÖÃàÀÌ µÇ¾î¼ deoxyribonucleotideÀÇ ±ä »ç½½À» ¸¸µç´Ù. ÀÌ deoxyribonucleotideÀÇ »ç½½ µÎ °³´Â °¢°¢ deoxyribonucleotide¿¡ ºÎÂøµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Â ¿°±âµéÀÌ °áÇÕÀ» ÇÏ¿© µÎ °³ÀÇ »ç½½ÀÌ °áÇյǾî ÀÖ´Â ÀÌÁß³ª¼± ±¸Á¶¸¦ ¸¸µé°Ô µÈ´Ù. 4°¡Áö ¿°±â ¾Æµ¥´ÑÀº Ƽ¹Î°ú °áÇÕÀ» Çϰí, ½ÃÅä½Å°ú °áÇÕÀ» ÇÏ°Ô µÈ´Ù. Áï ´ç°ú ÀλêÀº ±ä »ç½½À» ¸¸µå´Â ¿ªÇÒÀ» ÇÏ°í ±ä »ç½½¿¡ ºÎÂøµÈ ¿°±âµéÀÇ °áÇÕ¿¡ ÀÇÇØ¼ µÎ °³ÀÇ ±ä »ç½½Àº ¼·Î ºÙ¾î¼ ÀÌÁß³ª¼± ±¸Á¶¸¦ ¸¸µç´Ù. DNAÀÇ À¯ÀüÁ¤º¸´Â ¿°±â¿¡ ÀúÀåµÈ´Ù. 4°³ÀÇ ¿°±âÀÇ Á¶ÇÕ°ú ¹è¿ÀÌ À¯ÀüÁ¤º¸¸¦ º¸°üÇÏ´Â ÇϳªÀÇ ¾ÏÈ£ ¿ªÇÒÀ» ÇàÇÏ°Ô µÈ´Ù. |
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| ¿µ¹® | DNA | ÇÑ±Û | µð¿Á½Ã¸®º¸ÇÙ»ê, µð¿£¿¡ÀÌ |
|---|---|---|---|
| ¼³¸í | Deoxyribonucleic acidÀÇ ¾à¾î. µ¥¿Á½Ã¸®º¸½º¸¦ ±¸¼º¼ººÐÀ¸·Î ÇÏ´Â ÇÙ»ê. À¯ÀüÀÚÀÇ ÈÇÐÀû º»Å·μ ¿°»öü¿¡ Á¸ÀçÇÑ´Ù. µ¥¿Á½Ã¸®º¸½º¿¡ À¯±â¿°±â¿Í ÀλêÀÌ °áÇÕÇÑ ´ºÅ¬·¹¿ÀƼµå(±¸¼º´ÜÀ§)°¡ Æ÷½ºÆ÷µð¿¡½ºÅ׸£°áÇÕ¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ±ä»ç½½ ÁßÇÕü¸¦ Çü¼ºÇϸç, µÎ °³ÀÇ ±ä»ç½½ÀÌ ¼·Î ºñƲ·Á ²¿ÀÎ ³ª¼±±¸Á¶¸¦ ÃëÇÑ´Ù. µð¿Á½Ã¸®º¸´ºÅ¬·¹¿ÀƼµå(deoxyribonucleotide)´Â ¿°±â¿Í ´ç(2'-deoxy-D-riboe)°ú ÀλêÀ¸·Î ÀÌ·ç¾îÁø´Ù. ¿°±â´Â ¾Æµ¥´Ñ(adenine), ±¸¾Æ´Ñ(guanine), Ƽ¹Î(thymine) ¹× ½ÃÅä½Å(cytosine)ÀÇ ³×°¡ÁöÀ̸ç, À̰ÍÀº ´ç¿¡ ºÎÂøµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÎ»ê ¿ª½Ã ´çÀÇ ÇÑ ºÎºÐ¿¡ ºÎÂøµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ µð¿Á½Ã¸®º¸´ºÅ¬·¹¿ÀƼµåÀÇ ´çÀº ´Ù¸¥ µð¿Á½Ã¸®º¸´ºÅ¬·¹¿ÀƼµåÀÇ ´ç°ú ÀλêÀ» »çÀÌ¿¡ ³õ°í °áÇÕÇÏ°Ô µÇ¾î ÇϳªÀÇ ±ä »ç½½À» Çü¼ºÇÏ°Ô µÈ´Ù. |
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| PCR | Polymerase Chain Reaction |
|---|---|
| PCR | patient contact record; phosphocreatinine; plasma clearance rate; polymerase chain reaction; post-co... |
| PDP | pattern disruption point; piperidinopyrimidine; platelet-derived plasma; primer-dependent deoxynucle... |
| PDPI | primer-dependent deoxynucleic acid polymerase index |
| PHLOP | polymerase-halt-mediated linkage of primers |
| DNA P | DNA polymerase |
|---|---|
| PCR | DNA-polymerase chain reaction |
| RDDP | RNA-dependent DNA polymerase |
| RAPD-PCR | Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA-Polymerase Chain Reaction |
| b-DNA | Branched DNA |
IGF-II : insulin like growth factor-IIÀÇ ¾àÀÚ. ¸¹Àº Àå±â¿Í Á¶Á÷¿¡ ÀÛ¿ëÇÏ¿© ´Ü¹é ÇÕ¼º°ú DNA, RNAÀÇ ÇÕ¼ºÀ» Áõ°¡½ÃÄÑ ¼¼Æ÷ÀÇ ¼ö¿Í ¾çÀ» Áõ°¡
| polymerase, DNA | Enzyme that catalyses (speeds) the polymerization of DNA. DNA polymerase uses preexisting nucleic acid templates and assembles the DNA from deoxyribonucleotides. (12 Dec 1998) |
|---|---|
| polymerase, DNA or RNA | Enzymes that catalyse the synthesis of nucleic acids on pre-existing nucleic acid templates, assembling RNA from ribonucleotides or DNA from deoxyribonucleotides. (05 Mar 2000) |
| DNA-directed DNA polymerase | <enzyme> DNA-dependent DNA polymerases found in bacteria, animal and plant cells. During the replication process, these enzymes catalyze the addition of deoxyribonucleotide residues to the end of a DNA strand in the presence of DNA as template-primer. They also possess exonuclease activity and therefore function in DNA repair. Chemical name: Deoxynucleoside-triphosphate:DNA deoxynucleotidyltransferase (DNA-directed) Registry number: EC 2.7.7.7 (12 Dec 1998) |
|---|---|
| bacteriophage T7 induced DNA polymerase | <enzyme> Complex of two proteins, phage gene 5 protein and E coli thioredoxin Registry number: EC 2.7.7.- Synonym: t7 phage DNA polymerase, sequenase, t7 DNA polymerase, thermo sequenase (26 Jun 1999) |
| RNA-directed DNA polymerase | <enzyme> An enzyme that synthesises DNA on an RNA template. It is encoded by the pol gene of retroviruses and by certain retrovirus-like elements. Chemical name: Deoxynucleotide-triphosphate:DNA deoxynucleotidyltransferase (RNA-directed) Registry number: EC 2.7.7.49 (12 Dec 1998) |
| Pfu DNA polymerase | <enzyme> From pyrococcus furiosus; shows sequence homology with alpha-like DNA polymerases; amino acid sequence given in first source Registry number: EC 2.7.7.- Synonym: pfu polymerase (26 Jun 1999) |
| MIP1 DNA polymerase | <enzyme> From saccharomyces cerevisiae; has structural similarity with the E coli DNA polymerase i-type enzymes Registry number: EC 2.7.7.- Synonym: mip1 gene product (26 Jun 1999) |
| herpes simplex virus DNA polymerase | <enzyme> 3'-5'-exonuclease activity is associated with herpes simplex virus DNA polymerase; interacts with hsv-1 ul42 protein Registry number: EC 3.1.11.- Synonym: hsv DNA polymerase, polymerase associated exonuclease, herpes simplex virus 1 ul30 polymerase, hsv-1 ul30 protein, DNA polymerase ul30, hsv-1 (26 Jun 1999) |
| Pyrococcus sp GB-D DNA polymerase | <enzyme> Thermophilic enzyme from the archaeon pyrococcus; used in pcr site-directed mutagenesis Registry number: EC 2.7.7.- Synonym: gb-d polymerase (26 Jun 1999) |
| Deep Vent DNA polymerase | <enzyme> A thermostable DNA polymerase with putative proofreading activity Registry number: EC 2.7.7.- (26 Jun 1999) |
| DNA-directed RNA polymerase | <enzyme> A group of enzymes that catalyses DNA template-directed extension of the 3'-end of an RNA strand one nucleotide at a time. They can initiate a chain de novo. In eukaryotes, three forms of the enzyme have been distinguished on the basis of sensitivity to alpha-amanitin, and the type of RNA synthesised. Chemical name: Nucleoside-triphosphate:RNA nucleotidyltransferase (DNA-directed) Registry number: EC 2.7.7.6 (12 Dec 1998) |
| DNA polymerase | <enzyme, molecular biology> Enzymes involved in template directed synthesis of DNA from deoxyribonucleotide triphosphates. I, II and III are known in E. Coli, III appears to be most important in genome replication and I is important for its ability to edit out unpaired bases at the end of growing strands. Animal cells have and polymerases, with apparently responsible for replication of nuclear DNA and for replication of mitochondrial. All these function with a DNA strand as template. Retroviruses possess a unique DNA polymerase (reverse transcriptase) that uses an RNA template. (18 Nov 1997) |
| DNA polymerase beta | <enzyme> A DNA repair enzyme that catalyses DNA synthesis during base excision DNA repair. Registry number: EC 2.7.7.- (12 Dec 1998) |
| DNA polymerase i | DNA Polymerase I is an enzyme that aids in DNA replication. It has the following 3 functions: 1. Polymerizes in the 5(r) to 3(r) direction on single-stranded template. 2. Degrades single or double-stranded DNA from a free 3(r)-OH end, and 3. Degrades double-stranded DNA from a free 5(r) end. (09 Oct 1997) |
| DNA polymerase II | <enzyme> An enzyme that aids in DNA replication. It has a number of different functions, including the repair of ultraviolet radiation damaged DNA. (09 Oct 1997) |
| DNA polymerase III | <enzyme> An enzyme that aids in DNA replication. It has a number of different functions, such as: proofreading newly replicated DNA, removing nucleotides from the 3' end of the strand one by one, and binding nucleotides from the 5' end of the strand. (09 Oct 1997) |
| Tet DNA polymerase | <enzyme> From thermus thermophilus; thermostable, used as a replacement for taq polymerase in DNA sequencing Registry number: EC 2.7.7.- Synonym: DNA polymerase tet (26 Jun 1999) |
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