| 영문 | Gram stain | 한글 | 그람염색 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 미생물을 염색하는 방법 중의 하나. 1884년 덴마크의 의사 H.C.J. 그람(1853~ 1938)이 고안한 특수 염색법이다. 이 염색법을 사용하면 미생물은 양성균과 음성균의 2무리로 크게 나뉜다. 염색법은 균을 유리면에 바르고 가열 고정한다. 젠시안바이오렛, 크리스탈 바이오렛, 메틸바이오렛 등 파라로즈 아닐린계 색소의 어느 하나를 사용하여 우선 염색하고 이어서 루골액을 작용시킨 뒤, 에탄올 또는 아세톤으로 탈색한다. 이때 탈색되지 않고 보라색을 타나내는 것을 그람양성균이라 부르며, 포도알균-폐렴알균-사슬알균 등이 대표적인 예이다. 탈색되면 그람음성균이라 부르며, 대장균-녹농균 등이 있다. 최후에 사프라닌, 푹신 등 적색계의 색소액으로 후염색을 한다. 미생물의 감별에 중요한 염색법이며 염색성의 차이는 영양요구성, 화학요법제(항생물질 등)에 대한 감수성의 차이와도 관련되는 점이 많으므로 사용약제의 선택시에도 중요한 역할을 한다. 그람양성균과 음성균의 차이는 세균벽의 구조에 있는데, 양성균은 세포막의 바깥쪽 펩티드글리칸이라는 당단백질층의 두께가 20~80nm나 되고, 그램음성균의 펩티드글리칸 층은 2~3nm로 얇고, 다시 바깥쪽에 외막이라 부르는 층이 있다. |
||
| AFB Stain | Acid Fast Bacilli Stain |
|---|---|
| HE stain | Hematoxylin-Eosin stain |
| WS | Waardenburg syndrome; ward secretary; Warkany syndrome; Warthin-Starry [stain]; water soluble; water... |
| PAS | 1) Periodic Acid-Schiff Stain 2) Para-Amino-Salicyclic Acid &nbs... |
| BSC | bedside commode; bedside care; bench scale calorimeter; bile salt concentration; Biological Stain Co... |
| PWS | Port Wine Stain |
|---|---|
| CANP | Calcium-activated neutral protease |
| CANP | Calcium-activated neutral proteinase |
| LNAA | Large neutral amino acid |
| NEP | Neutral Endopeptidase |
| neutral stain | <technique> A compound of an acid stain and a basic stain, such as the eosinate of methylene blue, in which the anion and cation each contains a chromophore group. Synonym: salt dye. (05 Mar 2000) |
|---|
| Armillaria mellea neutral proteinase | <enzyme> Specific for lysine Registry number: EC 3.4.99.32 (26 Jun 1999) |
|---|---|
| ribosomal neutral proteinase | <enzyme> Ribosomal serine proteinase from rat liver ribosomes in cryptic form Registry number: EC 3.4.21.52 Synonym: cathepsin r (26 Jun 1999) |
| Staphylococcal neutral phosphatase | <enzyme> A surface-bound bacterial protein; highly cationic; shows maximum phosphatase activity at neutral pH; binds to immunoglobulin Registry number: EC 3.1.3.- Synonym: staphylococcal nptase, nptase (26 Jun 1999) |
| Staphylococcus aureus neutral proteinase | <enzyme> Included in the group of microbial metalloproteinases EC 3.4.24.4; ptrb protein is isolated from E coli; sakstar is recombinant staphylokinase Pharmacological action: fibrinolytic agents Registry number: EC 3.4.24.- Synonym: protease II, staphylokinase, staph aureus protease, staphylococcal protease, E coli protease, ptrb protein, sakstar, (26 Jun 1999) |
| neutral | 1. Not engaged on either side; not taking part with or assisting either of two or more contending parties; neuter; indifferent. "The heart can not possibly remain neutral, but constantly takes part one way or the other." (Shaftesbury) 2. Neither good nor bad; of medium quality; middling; not decided or pronounced. "Some things good, and some things ill, do seem, And neutral some, in her fantastic eye." (Sir J. Davies) 3. <biology> Neuter. See Neuter. 4. <chemistry> Having neither acid nor basic properties; unable to turn red litmus blue or blue litmus red; said of certain salts or other compounds. Contrasted with acid, and alkaline. <chemistry> Neutral axis, Neutral surface, a salt formed by the complete replacement of the hydrogen in an acid or base; in the former case by a positive or basic, in the latter by a negative or acid, element or radical. Neutral tint, a bluish gray pigment, used in water colours, made by mixing indigo or other blue some warm colour. The shades vary greatly. Neutral vowel, the vowel element having an obscure and indefinite quality, such as is commonly taken by the vowel in many unaccented syllables. It is regarded by some as identical with the u in up, and is called also the natural vowel, as unformed by art and effort. Origin: L. Neutralis, fr. Neuter. See Neuter. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| neutral axis of straight beam | The axis perpendicular to the plane of loading of a beam at stresses within the proportional limit; it lies at the gravity axis of the cross-section of the beam. (05 Mar 2000) |
| neutral beam injection | <radiobiology> This is one of the fundamental plasma heating methods. A particle accelerator is used to create fast ion beams (the particle energies are on the order of 100 keV), the ion beam is then passed through a neutral gas region, where the ions neutralise via charge-exchange reactions with the neutral gas. The neutralised beam is then injected into a magnetically confined plasma. The neutral atoms are unaffected (not confined) by the magnetic field, but ionize as they penetrate into the plasma. The high-energy ions then transfer some of their energy to the plasma particles in repeated collisions, and heat the plasma. (09 Oct 1997) |
| neutral buffered formalin fixative | A general histologic fixative less likely to leave formalin deposits in tissue than formol-saline fixative. (05 Mar 2000) |
| neutral-density filter | <equipment> A light-absorbing filter whose absorption spectrum is moderately flat. Depending on the type, the absorption curve is flat primarily in the visible spectral range, or may extend to varying degrees beyond the visible range. For video microscopy, this is an important point since the absorbance may or may not extend into the near-infrared region where the sensitivity of many video image pickup devices is very high. (05 Aug 1998) |
| neutral element | An element of the zero group of the periodic system comprising the rare gases, He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe, Rn. Synonym: noble element. (05 Mar 2000) |
| neutral fat | A triester of fatty acids and glycerol (i.e., triacylglycerol). (05 Mar 2000) |
| Streptomyces griseus neutral proteinase | <enzyme> Component of pronase; included in the group of microbial metalloproteinases EC 3.4.24.4 Chemical name: streptomyces griseus protease 3 Registry number: EC 3.4.24.- (26 Jun 1999) |
| neutral lipid storage disease | <syndrome> Congenital ichthyosis, leukocyte vacuoles, and variable involvement of other organ systems. Synonym: neutral lipid storage disease. (05 Mar 2000) |
| neutral mutation | A mutation that has no selective advantage or disadvantage. Considerable controversy surrounds the question of whether such mutations can exist. (18 Nov 1997) |
| neutral occlusion | An arrangement of teeth such that the maxillary and mandibular first permanent molars are in normal anteroposterior relation. Synonym: normal occlusion. Synonym: neutroclusion. (05 Mar 2000) |
제품명 |
판매사 |
보험코드 | 성분/함량 | 구분/보험급여 |
|---|
제품명 |
판매사 |
보험코드 | 성분/함량 | 구분/보험급여 |
|---|