| neurotransmitters | Endogenous signaling molecules that alter the behaviour of neurons or effector cells. Neurotransmitter is used here in its most general sense, including not only messengers that act directly to regulate ion channels, but also those that act through second messenger systems, and those that act at a distance from their site of release. Included are neuromodulators, neuroregulators, neuromediators, and neurohumors, whether or not acting at synapses. (12 Dec 1998) |
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| neurotransmitters and neurotransmitter agents | A collective grouping for neurotransmitters and substances that act on the neurotransmitter system. (12 Dec 1998) |
| amino acid neurotransmitters | Amino acids released by neurons as intercellular messengers. Among the amino acid neurotransmitters are glutamate (glutamic acid) and gaba which are, respectively, the most common excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters in the central nervous system. (12 Dec 1998) |
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| biogenic amine neurotransmitters | Biogenic amines released by neurons as intercellular messengers. The biogenic amines norepinephrine, dopamine, histamine, and serotonin are neurotransmitters in both the central and peripheral nervous systems. (12 Dec 1998) |
| monoamine neurotransmitters | A group of naturally occurring amines derived by enzymatic decarboxylation of the natural amino acids. Many have powerful physiological effects (e.g., histamine, serotonin, epinephrine, tyramine). Those derived from aromatic amino acids, and also their synthetic analogs (e.g., amphetamine), are of use in pharmacology. (12 Dec 1998) |
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