| MRD | maximum rate of depolarization; measles-rindenpest-distemper [virus group]; medical records departme... |
|---|---|
| MBD | Marchiafava-Bignami disease; Mental Deterioration Battery; methylene blue dye; minimal brain damage;... |
| MCD | magnetic circular dichroism; mast-cell degranulation; mean cell diameter; mean of consecutive differ... |
| MIC | maternal and infant care; medical intensive care; Medical Interfraternity Conference; microscopy; mi... |
| MPD | main pancreatic duct; maximum permissible dose; mean population doubling; membrane potential differe... |
| ADE | Antibody-dependent enhancement |
|---|---|
| CE | Contrast enhancement |
| ER | Enhancement Ratio |
| EF | Enhancement factors |
| LTE | Long-term enhancement |
| acoustic enhancement | A manifestation of increased acoustic signal amplitude returning from regions beyond an object which causes little or no attenuation of the sound beam. Compare: acoustic shadow. (05 Mar 2000) |
|---|---|
| antibody-dependent enhancement | Enhancement of viral infectivity caused by non-neutralizing antibodies. There are at least two mechanisms known to account for this: mediation by fc receptors (receptors, fc) or by complement receptors (receptors, complement). Either the virus is complexed with antiviral IgG and binds to fc receptors, or virus is coated with antiviral IgM and binds to complement receptors. (12 Dec 1998) |
| radiographic image enhancement | Improvement in the quality of an X-ray image by use of an intensifying screen, tube, or filter and by optimum exposure techniques. Digital processing methods are often employed. (12 Dec 1998) |
| graft enhancement, immunologic | The induction of prolonged survival and growth of allografts of either tumours or normal tissues which would ordinarily be rejected. It may be induced passively by introducing graft-specific antibodies from previously immunised donors, which bind to the graft's surface antigens, masking them from recognition by T-cells; or actively by prior immunization of the recipient with graft antigens which evoke specific antibodies and form antigen-antibody complexes which bind to the antigen receptor sites of the T-cells and block their cytotoxic activity. (12 Dec 1998) |
| ring enhancement | In computed tomography, when a bright circle appears on an image made after injection of contrast medium, characteristic of localization of the contrast in the wall of an abscess. (05 Mar 2000) |
| contrast enhancement | The intravenous administration of water-soluble iodinated contrast material, which increases the CT number of the vascular pool, as well as some lesions (particularly in the brain), due to abnormal leakage into the interstitium; the property of showing increased radiopacity from concentration of contrast medium. (05 Mar 2000) |
| image enhancement | Improvement of the quality of a picture by various techniques, including computer processing, digital filtering, echocardiographic techniques, light and ultrastructural microscopy, fluorescence spectrometry and microscopy, scintigraphy, and in vitro image processing at the molecular level. (12 Dec 1998) |
| immunological enhancement | In immunology, the potentiating effect of specific antibody in establishing and in delaying rejection of a tumour allograft; aside from antibody, non-specific substances may also act to enhance immune response. Synonym: immunological enhancement. (05 Mar 2000) |
| edge enhancement | Using analogue or digital image processing to increase the contrast of each interface; equivalent to using a high-pass filter. (05 Mar 2000) |
| enhancement | Altering an object, substance or site for the improvement of a specific value. (09 Oct 1997) |
| enhancement effect | Property of higher plant photosynthesis, discovered by Robert Emerson. The quantum yield of red light (less than 680nm) and far red light (700nm), when shone simultaneously on a plant, is greater than the sum of the yields of the light of the two wavelengths separately. This effect provides evidence for the cooperative interaction of two photosystems in photosynthesis. (18 Nov 1997) |
| minimal | Smallest or least, the smallest possible. Origin: L. Minimus = least (18 Nov 1997) |
| minimal air | The volume of gas that remains in the lungs and cannot be expelled after they have been removed from the body, or after the chest has been opened. (05 Mar 2000) |
| minimal alveolar concentration | The end-alveolar concentration of an inhalation anaesthetic which prevents somatic response to a painful stimulus in 50% of individuals; an index of relative potency of inhalation anaesthetics. Synonym: minimal anaesthetic concentration. (05 Mar 2000) |
| minimal amplitude nystagmus | Nystagmus of so small an amplitude that it is not detected by the usual clinical tests. Synonym: minimal amplitude nystagmus. Origin: micro-+ G. Nystagmos, a nodding (05 Mar 2000) |
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