| 영문 | gene | 한글 | 유전자 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 유전자는 길게 띠를 형성한 DNA분자의 일부분으로 한 가지 물질을 만드는데 필요한 모든 정보를 갖춘 기능적인 단위이다. 예를 들어 인슐린이라는 물질의 유전자라고 하면 사람의 세포내에 있는 긴 DNA 분자 중에서 인슐린이라는 물질을 만드는데 필요한 모든 정보를 가지고 있는 한 부분을 가리키는 말이다. 고전적인 생물학에서는 유전자가 표현형을 결정하거나 지정하는 염색체의 일부분이라고 정의되었지만, 오늘날에는 유전자에 대해서 분자적 정의가 제안되고 있으며 그 정의는 하나의 유전자는 하나의 효소를 결정 또는 암호화하는 유전물질의 일부분이라는 개념으로 이것이 이른바 1개의 유전자 1개 효소가설(one gene-one enzyme hypothesis)이다. 즉 1개의 유전자는 1개의 효소를 제작하는데 필요한 유전정보를 가진다는 것이다. 현재 이 가설이 받아들여지고 있다. |
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| 영문 | gene therapy | 한글 | 유전자요법 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 유전병을 치료할 목적으로, 정상적으로 기능하는 단일유전자 혹은 복수유전자를 어떤 기원에서 얻어내어 생세포에 도입하는 것. 유전물질은 유전자삽입 조작에 의해 수용세포에로 도입된다. 즉, 유전자를 끼워 넣은 새로운 세포를 사용하는 치료로서 1980년 미국의 학자가 지중해빈혈환자에게 강행하여 비판을 받았지만, 미국 국립보건연구소는 1990년 9월 아데노신 데아미나아제(adenosine deaminase, ADA) 결핍증 환자의 림프구에 ADA 유전자를 끼워 넣는 치료를 시작한 이래 현재는 암을 포함한 많은 질병들을 치료하는 목적으로 쓰인다. |
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| ECG | Electro-Cardio-Graphy(-Gram); 심전도 = EKG 1. Conducting System Structu... |
|---|---|
| PMD | Progressive Muscular Dystrophy; 진행성 근이영양증 Types of PMD(Progressive Muscular Dystroph... |
| TAPVR | Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return = TAPVC 4 Types of TAPVR &... |
| ALL | Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia 형태학적 분류 L1; Small, Homogenous(... |
| MEN | Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia ; AD Trait 1. MEN Type I(= Wermer Syndro... |
| MAT | Mating type |
|---|---|
| mt+ | Mating type plus |
| MT | Mating-type |
| MAT | mating type locus |
| Mat1 | mating type locus |
| mating type gene | Genes that, in Saccharomyces cerevisiae specify into which of the two mating types (a and _) a particular cell falls. Only unlike mating type haploids will fuse. The interest derives from the way in which mating type is switched, the existing gene is removed and a new gene, derived from a (silent) master copy elsewhere in the genome is spliced in. Later this gene will in its turn be replaced by a new copy of the old gene, also derived from a silent master. The a and _ genes code for pheromones that affect cells of the opposite mating type. Similar mating type genes are known from other yeasts and the switching mechanism (cassette mechanism) may be used more generally. (18 Nov 1997) |
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| assortative mating | Selection of a mate with preference for (or aversion to) a particular genotype, i.e., nonrandom mating. Synonym: nonrandom mating. (05 Mar 2000) |
|---|---|
| random mating | Totally haphazard mating with no regard to the genetic makeup (genotype) of the mate so that any sperm has an equal chance of fertilizing any egg. This rarely, if ever, occurs but the concept is impoortant in population genetics. Also called panmixus. (12 Dec 1998) |
| random mating equilibrium | <genetics> In a population containing the genotypes of AA, aa, and Aa, the frequency of AA will be p2, the frequency of aa will be q2, and the frequency of Aa will be 2 pq at equilibrium, where p is the frequency of A and q is the frequency of a. By the Hardy-Weinberg law, a ramdonly-mating population will eventually reach these frequencies and be at this equilibrium as long as there are no selection pressures on the population. (09 Oct 1997) |
| mating | The pairing of male and female for the purpose of reproduction. (05 Mar 2000) |
| mating isolate | A population separated from its neighbors by any means so that all or most matings occur within the population group. (05 Mar 2000) |
| nonrandom mating | Selection of a mate with preference for (or aversion to) a particular genotype, i.e., nonrandom mating. Synonym: nonrandom mating. (05 Mar 2000) |
| allelic gene | See: allele, dominance of traits. (05 Mar 2000) |
| antibiotic resistance gene | Genes in a microorganism which confer resistance to antibiotics, for example by coding for enzymes which destroy it, by coding for surface proteins which prevent it from entering the microorganism, or by being a mutant form of the antibiotic's target so that it can ignore it. (09 Oct 1997) |
| autosomal gene | A gene located on any chromosome other than the sex chromosomes (X or Y). (05 Mar 2000) |
| bicoid gene | A group of genes which are important to the proper development of the head and thorax in the embryo of the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster. (09 Oct 1997) |
| BRCA1 breast cancer susceptibility gene | This mutated (changed) version of the BRCA1 gene makes a person susceptible to developing breast cancer. (12 Dec 1998) |
| calcitonin gene-related peptide | <protein> A second product transcribed from the calcitonin gene. Calcitonin gene related peptide is found in a number of tissues including nervous tissue. It is a vasodilator that may participate in the cutaneous triple response. It is a neuropeptide of 37 amino acids with structural homology to salmon calcitonin. Co-localises with substance P in neurons. It occurs as a result of alternative processing of mRNA from the calcitonin gene. The neuropeptide is widely distributed in neural tissue of the brain, gut, perivascular nerves, and other tissue. The peptide produces multiple biological effects and has both circulatory and neurotransmitter modes of action. In particular, it is a potent endogenous vasodilator. Intracerebral administration leads to a rise in noradrenergic sympathetic outflow, a rise in blood pressure and a fall in gastric secretion. Acronym: CGRP (05 May 2002) |
| cancer susceptibility gene | tumour suppressor gene |
| rab gene | 1. <molecular biology> One of the three main groups of ras like genes specifying small GTP-binding proteins (the others are ras and rho). Rab proteins are involved in vesicular traffic and seem to control translocation from donor to acceptor membranes. 2. <cell biology> Gene family in plants responsive to abscisic acid: encode proteins of 15-17 kD. (18 Nov 1997) |
| pair rule gene | <molecular biology> A segmentation gene, expressed sequentially between gap genes and segment polarity genes. In development of Drosophila, a set of about 8 genes that are expressed only in alternate segments (odd or even) of the developing embryo. Loss of function mutants thus lack alternate segments. Examples: even skipped (eve), fushi tarazu (ftz), hairy. (18 Nov 1997) |
제품명 |
판매사 |
보험코드 | 성분/함량 | 구분/보험급여 |
|---|
제품명 |
판매사 |
보험코드 | 성분/함량 | 구분/보험급여 |
|---|