| OEM | opposite ear masked; original electronic manufacturer |
|---|---|
| mRNA | messenger Ribo-Nucleic Acid |
| RNA | Ribo-Nucleic Acid |
| HARS | histidyl-RNA synthetase |
| H-mRNA | H-chain messenger ribonucleic acid |
| mRNA | E-messenger RNA |
|---|---|
| pre-mRNA | pre-messenger RNA |
| pre-mRNA | precursor messenger RNA |
| D RNA | defective RNA |
| HCV RNA | Hepatitis C virus RNA |
| masked messenger RNA | <molecular biology> Long lived and stable mRNA found originally in the oocytes of echinoderms and constituting a store of maternal information for protein synthesis that is unmasked (derepressed) during the early stages of morphogenesis. In these early stages the rate of cell division is so rapid that transcription from the embryonic genome cannot occur. Undoubtedly not restricted to oocytes and the term can be applied to any mRNA which is present in inactive form. (18 Nov 1997) |
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| messenger-like RNA | An ill-defined form of RNA, of high molecular weight, that never leaves the nucleus and is thought to be the precursor of messenger RNA. (05 Mar 2000) |
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| messenger RNA | <molecular biology> Single stranded RNA molecule that specifies the amino acid sequence of one or more polypeptide chains. This information is translated during protein synthesis when ribosomes bind to the mRNA. In prokaryotes, mRNA is normally formed by splicing a large primary transcript from a DNA sequence and protein synthesis starts while the mRNA is still being synthesised. Prokaryote mRNAs are usually very short lived (average t 1/2 is 5mins.). In contrast, in eukaryotes the primary transcripts (HnRNA) are synthesised in the nucleus and they are extensively processed to give the mRNA that is exported to the cytoplasm where protein synthesis takes place. This processing includes the addition of a 5' 5' linked 7 methyl guanylate cap at the 5' end and a sequence of adenylate groups at the 3' end, the poly A tail, as well as the removal of any introns and the splicing together of exons, only 10% of HnRNA leaves the nucleus. Eukaryote mRNAs are comparatively long lived with a half life ranging from 30minutes to 24 hours. (27 Jun 1999) |
| messenger | 1. That which carries a message. 2. Having message-carrying properties. First messenger, a hormone that binds to a receptor on the surface cell and, in so doing, communicates with intracellular metabolic processes. Second messenger, an intermediary molecule that is generated as a consequence of hormone-receptor interaction; e.g., see adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate; guanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate; calcium; inositide. (05 Mar 2000) |
| second messenger | <molecular biology> In many hormone sensitive systems the systemic hormone does not enter the target cell but binds to a receptor and indirectly affects the production of another molecule within the cell, this diffuses intracellularly to the target enzymes or intracellular receptor to produce the response. This intracellular mediator is called the second messenger. Examples include cyclic AMP, cyclic GMP, IP3 and diacylglycerol. (18 Nov 1997) |
| second messenger systems | Systems in which an intracellular signal is generated in response to an intercellular primary messenger such as a hormone or neurotransmitter. They are intermediate signals in cellular processes such as metabolism, secretion, contraction, phototransduction, and cell growth. Examples of second messenger systems are the adenyl cyclase-cyclic AMP system, the phosphatidylinositol diphosphate-inositol triphosphate system, and the cyclic GMP system. (12 Dec 1998) |
| masked | 1. Wearing a mask or masks; characterised by masks; cincealed; hidden. 2. <botany> Same as Personate. 3. <ornithology> Having the anterior part of the head differing decidedly in colour from the rest of the plumage; said of birds. Masked ball, a ball in which the dancers wear masks. Masked battery, a battery so placed as not to be seen by an enemy until it opens fire. 4. <zoology> Masked crab, a Japanese domestic hog (Sus pliciceps). Its face is deeply furrowed. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| masked epilepsy | A form of epilepsy characterised by a paroxysmal disturbance, such as headache or vomiting, associated with an epileptic electroencephalographic pattern. (05 Mar 2000) |
| masked gout | latent gout |
| masked hyperthyroidism | Hyperthyroidism occurring without the usual manifestations, especially lack of hyperactivity and eye findings, often with hypoactivity, even somnolence. Manifestation can be limited to heart failure. (05 Mar 2000) |
| masked virus | A virus ordinarily occurring in the host in a noninfective state, but which may be activated and demonstrated by special procedures such as blind passage in experimental animals. (05 Mar 2000) |
| double-masked experiment | A double-blind study conducted so neither the subject nor the observer know the identity of the control or variable. (05 Mar 2000) |
| acceptor RNA | rNA |
| antisense RNA | <molecular biology> A complementary RNA sequence that binds to (and thus blocks the transcription of) a naturally-occuring (sense) messenger RNA molecule. These proteins can be used to selectively turn off production of certain proteins or block viral genetic instructions, by marking them for destruction by cellular enzymes, in order to prevent the building of new virus or the infection of new cells. (09 Oct 1997) |
| bacteriophage T3 RNA polymerase | <enzyme> Used for the rapid generation of strand-specific RNA molecules that can be used for the identification of genes in hybridization experiments Registry number: EC 2.7.7.- Synonym: t3 RNA polymerase (26 Jun 1999) |
| cap II RNA(nucleoside-2'-)methyltransferase | <enzyme> Converts cap i-terminated mRNA to cap II-terminated mRNA Registry number: EC 2.1.1.- Synonym: cap II methylase (26 Jun 1999) |
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