| ¿µ¹® | alkaline phosphatase | ÇÑ±Û | ¾ËÄ®¸®¼º ÀλêºÐÇØÈ¿¼Ò |
|---|---|---|---|
| ¼³¸í | È¿¼ÒÀÇ ÀÏÁ¾ÀÌ¸ç ¿©·¯ °¡Áö µ¿Á¾È¿¼Ò(±â´ÉÀº °°Áö¸¸ ±¸Á¶°¡ ¾à°£¾¿ ´Ù¸¥ È¿¼ÒÇüÅÂ)·Î ½ÅüÀÇ ¿©·¯ ºÎÀ§(ƯÈ÷ »À¿Í °£)¿¡ Á¤»óÀûÀ¸·Î ¸¹ÀÌ Á¸ÀçÇÑ´Ù. °£³» ¾µ°³°üÀÇ ¼¼Æ÷¿¡ ¸¹ÀÌ Á¸ÀçÇϸç, »À¸¦ »ý¼ºÇÏ´Â ¼¼Æ÷ÀÎ »À¸ð¼¼Æ÷(osteoblast)¿¡ ¸¹ÀÌ Á¸ÀçÇÑ´Ù. ±× ¿Ü¿¡µµ ¿©·¯ ±â°ü¿¡ Á¸ÀçÇÑ´Ù. ÀÓ»óÀû ÀÇÀÇ´Â °£°ú »ÀÀÇ º´ Áø´Ü°ú Ä¡·áÈ¿°ú ÆÇÁ¤¿¡ µµ¿òÀ» ÁØ´Ù. °£, ƯÈ÷ °£¿¡¼ ¸¸µé¾îÁø ´ãÁóÀ» »ùâÀÚ±îÁö ¿î¹ÝÇÏ´Â ¾µ°³±æÀÌ ¸·Èù °æ¿ì(¾µ°³°ü³»¿¡ Á¾¾çÀÌ »ý±â°Å³ª ¾µ°³µ¹ÁõÀ¸·Î ÀÎÇØ¼ ¾µ°³°üÀÌ ¸·Èù °æ¿ì)¿¡´Â ¾µ°³³»ÀÇ ¾Ð·ÂÀÌ ³ô¾ÆÁö°í °£³» ¾µ°³°üÀÇ ¼¼Æ÷°¡ ±úÁ® ±× ¼Ó¿¡ µé¾î ÀÖ´ø ¾ËÄ®¸®¼º ÀλêºÐÇØÈ¿¼Ò°¡ Ç÷¾×¼ÓÀ¸·Î ¹æÃâµÇ¾î Ç÷Áß ¾ËÄ®¸®¼º ÀλêºÐÇØÈ¿¼ÒÀÇ ³óµµ°¡ ³ô¾ÆÁø´Ù. ±×¸®°í »ÀÀÇ »ý¼ºÀÌ ¸¹¾ÆÁö´Â ¸ðµç °æ¿ì(¿¹¸¦ µé¸é °ñÀý, Á¾¾ç¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ »ÀÀÇ ÆÄ±«½Ã º¹±¸¸¦ À§Çؼ »ÀÀÇ »ý¼ºÀÌ Áõ°¡ÇÑ´Ù), »À¸ð¼¼Æ÷ÀÇ È°µ¿ÀÌ Áõ°¡µÇ°í »À¸ð¼¼Æ÷ÀÇ È¿¼ÒÀÎ ¾ËÄ®¸®¼º ÀλêºÐÇØÈ¿¼ÒÀÇ È°¼ºµµ ¿ª½Ã Áõ°¡µÈ´Ù. |
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| ¿µ¹® | deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) | ÇÑ±Û | µ¥¿Á½Ã¸®º¸ÇÙ»ê |
|---|---|---|---|
| ¼³¸í | ÇÙ»êÀÇ ÀÏÁ¾À¸·Î DNA¶ó°íµµ ÇÑ´Ù. DeoxyribonucleotideÀÇ ÁßÇÕüÀ̸ç À¯ÀüÀÚÀÇ ÈÇÐÀû º»Ã¼ÀÌ´Ù. RNA¹ÙÀÌ·¯½º ÀÌ¿ÜÀÇ ¸ðµç »ý¹°Àº DNA¸¦ À¯ÀüÀÚ·Î Áö´Ï°í ÀÖ´Ù. µð¿Á½Ã¸®º¸´ºÅ¬·¹¿ÀƼµå(deoxyribonucleotide)´Â ¿°±â¿Í ´ç(2'-deoxy-D-ribose)°ú ÀλêÀ¸·Î ÀÌ·ç¾îÁø´Ù. ¿°±â´Â ¾Æµ¥´Ñ(adenine), ±¸¾Æ´Ñ(guanine), Ƽ¹Î(thymine)¹× ½ÃÅä½Å(cytosine)ÀÇ 4°¡ÁöÀ̸ç, À̰ÍÀº ´ç¿¡ ºÎÂøµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÎ»ê ¿ª½Ã ´çÀÇ ÇÑ ºÎºÐ¿¡ ºÎÂøµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ deoxyribonucleotideÀÇ ´çÀº ´Ù¸¥ deoxy- ribonucleotideÀÇ ´ç°ú ÀλêÀ» »çÀÌ¿¡ ³õ°í °áÇÕÀ» ÇÏ°Ô µÇ¾î ÇϳªÀÇ ±ä »ç½½À» Çü¼ºÇÏ°Ô µÈ´Ù. Áï ´ç°ú ÀλêÀÌ ÁÖÃàÀÌ µÇ¾î¼ deoxyribonucleotideÀÇ ±ä »ç½½À» ¸¸µç´Ù. ÀÌ deoxyribonucleotideÀÇ »ç½½ µÎ °³´Â °¢°¢ deoxyribonucleotide¿¡ ºÎÂøµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Â ¿°±âµéÀÌ °áÇÕÀ» ÇÏ¿© µÎ °³ÀÇ »ç½½ÀÌ °áÇյǾî ÀÖ´Â ÀÌÁß³ª¼± ±¸Á¶¸¦ ¸¸µé°Ô µÈ´Ù. 4°¡Áö ¿°±â ¾Æµ¥´ÑÀº Ƽ¹Î°ú °áÇÕÀ» Çϰí, ½ÃÅä½Å°ú °áÇÕÀ» ÇÏ°Ô µÈ´Ù. Áï ´ç°ú ÀλêÀº ±ä »ç½½À» ¸¸µå´Â ¿ªÇÒÀ» ÇÏ°í ±ä »ç½½¿¡ ºÎÂøµÈ ¿°±âµéÀÇ °áÇÕ¿¡ ÀÇÇØ¼ µÎ °³ÀÇ ±ä »ç½½Àº ¼·Î ºÙ¾î¼ ÀÌÁß³ª¼± ±¸Á¶¸¦ ¸¸µç´Ù. DNAÀÇ À¯ÀüÁ¤º¸´Â ¿°±â¿¡ ÀúÀåµÈ´Ù. 4°³ÀÇ ¿°±âÀÇ Á¶ÇÕ°ú ¹è¿ÀÌ À¯ÀüÁ¤º¸¸¦ º¸°üÇÏ´Â ÇϳªÀÇ ¾ÏÈ£ ¿ªÇÒÀ» ÇàÇÏ°Ô µÈ´Ù. |
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| ¿µ¹® | retinoic acid | ÇÑ±Û | ·¹Æ¼³ë»ê |
|---|---|---|---|
| ¼³¸í | C20H28O2. ºñŸ¹Î AÀÇ ¾ËÄڿñ⸦ ¾Ëµ¥È÷µå·Î »êÈÇÑ ÈÄ ´Ù½Ã Ä«¸£º¹½Ç»êÀ¸·Î »êÈÇÏ¿© ¾òÀº »ê. ¹ß»ýÁßÀÇ ¼¼Æ÷¿¡ ÀÛ¿ëÇÏ¿© ÇüŸ¦ ¸¸µå´Âµ¥ °ü¿©ÇÑ´Ù. |
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| ¿µ¹® | ribonucleic acid | ÇÑ±Û | ¸®º¸ÇÙ»ê |
|---|---|---|---|
| ¼³¸í | Ribonucleotide monomer·Î ÀÌ·ç¾îÁø ÇÙ»êÀ¸·Î ¿°±â, ´ç, ÀλêÀ¸·Î ±¸¼ºµÈ´Ù. ¿°±â´Â adenine, guanine, cytosine, uracilÀÇ 4Á¾·ù°¡ ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, ´çÀº 5ź´çÀÌ´Ù. RNA´Â DNA¸¦ ÁÖÇüÀ¸·Î ÇÏ¿© »óº¸ÀûÀ¸·Î °áÇÕ, Çü¼ºµÇ¸ç ´Ü¹éÁúÀ» ¸¸µé¾î³»´Â µ¥¿¡ ÀÖ¾î Áß¿äÇÑ ¿ªÇÒÀ» ÇÑ´Ù. Àü·É RNA(mRNA)´Â ´Ü¹éÁú ÇÕ¼º¿¡ ÀÖ¾î °¡Àå ±âº»ÀÌ µÇ´Â DNAÀÇ ¼¿À» »óº¸ÀûÀ¸·Î ¿Å°Ü ¹Þ¾Æ Àü´ÞÇÏ´Â Àü·É±¸½ÇÀ» ÇÏ´Â RNA. ¸®º¸¼Ø RNA(rRNA) ¸®º¸¼ØÀ» Çü¼ºÇÏ´Â 4°¡Áö RNA»ç½½(28S, 18S, 5.8S, 5S·Î ±¸¼º). Àü´Þ RNA(tRNA) ƯÁ¤ ¾Æ¹Ì³ë»êÀ» ÇÑÂÊ ³¡¿¡ Áö´Ï°í »óº¸Àû ¼¿ÀÇ mRNA¿Í ÀϽÃÀû °áÇÕÀ» ÀÌ·ç¸ç ´Ü¹éÁú ÇÕ¼º¿¡ Á÷Á¢ ±â¿©ÇÏ´Â RNAÀÌ´Ù. |
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| ¿µ¹® | acid | ÇÑ±Û | »ê |
|---|---|---|---|
| ¼³¸í | ¹°¿¡ ³ì¾ÒÀ» ¶§ ÀÌ¿ÂÈÇÏ¿© ¼ö¼Ò ÀÌ¿ÂÀ» ¸¸µå´Â ¹°Áú. ½Å¸ÀÀÌ ³ª°í û»ö ¸®Æ®¸Ó½º Á¾À̸¦ ºÓ°Ô º¯È½ÃŰ¸ç ¿°±â¿ÍÀÇ ÁßÈ ¹ÝÀÀ¿¡ ÀÇÇÏ¿© ¹°°ú ¿°À» ¸¸µé°í ÀÌ¿ÂÈ ¿¿¡¼ ¼ö¼Òº¸´Ù ¾Õ¿¡ ÀÖ´Â ±Ý¼Ó°ú ¹ÝÀÀÇÏ¿© ¿°À» ¸¸µé¸é¼ ¼ö¼Ò¸¦ ¹ß»ý½ÃŲ´Ù. ¼ö¼Ò ¿øÀÚ¸¦ ÀÌ¿ÂÈÇÏ´Â ÈûÀÇ °¾à¿¡ µû¶ó °»ê°ú ¾à»êÀ¸·Î ³ª´¶´Ù. |
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| LAL | left axillary line; Limulus amebocyte lysate; low air loss; lysosomal acid lipase |
|---|---|
| AP | accessory pathway; accounts payable; acid phosphatase; acinar parenchyma; action potential; active p... |
| PAP | pancreatitis-associated protein; Papanicolaou [test]; papaverine; passive-aggressive personality; pa... |
| NAP | nasion, point A, pogonion [convexity or concavity of the facial profile]; nerve action potential; ne... |
| SAP | sensory action potential; serum acid phosphatase; serum alkaline phosphatase; serum amyloid P; situs... |
| LAP | Lysosomal acid phosphatase |
|---|---|
| LAL | Lysosomal acid lipase |
| LSD | Lysosomal storage diseases |
| ML | mitochondrial lysosomal |
| APAAP | Alkaline Phosphatase anti-Alkaline Phosphatase |
| inborn lysosomal disease | Inherited disorder of one or more degradative enzymes normally located in lysosomes leading to accumulation (storage) of abnormal quantities of a substance, such as a glycosaminoglycan as in Hurler's syndrome or a lipopolysaccharide as in Gaucher's disease. (05 Mar 2000) |
|---|---|
| UDP-N-acetylglucosamine-lysosomal-enzyme-N-acetylglucosaminephosphotransferase | <enzyme> Fibroblasts from patients with i-cell (mucolipidosis II) and pseudo-hurler polydystrophy (mucolipidosis III) are deficient in above enzyme; for n-acetylglucosamine transferred to dolichyl phosphate see EC 2.7.8.15 Registry number: EC 2.7.8.17 Synonym: udpgnac gp gnac phosphotransferase, udpgnac phosphotransferase, uridine 5'-diphosphate-n-acetylglucosamine glycoprotein n-acetylglucosaminylphosphotransferase, n-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphotransferase, n-agapt, udp-n-acetylglucosamine-lysosomal glycoprotein n-acetylglucosaminylphosphotransferase, udp-acetylglucosamine-glycoprotein n-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphotransferase (26 Jun 1999) |
| UDP-N-acetylglucosamine:lysosomal enzyme N-acetylglucosaminyl-1-phosphotransferase | <enzyme> An enzyme that participates in the posttranslational modification of a number of lysosomal proteins; a deficiency or defect in this enzyme results in two forms of mucolipidoses, I-cell disease, and pseudo-Hurler polydystrophy. (05 Mar 2000) |
| lysosomal disease | A disease due to inadequate functioning of a lysosomal enzyme; most such disease's are associated with a storage disease. (05 Mar 2000) |
| lysosomal diseases | Diseases (also called storage diseases) in which a deficiency of a particular lysosomal enzyme leads to accumulation of the undigested substrate for that enzyme within cells. Not immediately fatal, but within a few years lead to serious neurological and skeletal disorders and eventually to death. See: the following conditions: Hurler sundrome, Hunter syndrome, San Fillipo, Gaucher's disease, Niemann-Pick, Pompe's disease, Tay Sachs disease. (18 Nov 1997) |
| lysosomal enzyme | <biochemistry> A range of degradative enzymes, most of which operate best at acid pH. The best known marker enzymes are acid phosphatase and glucuronidase, but many others are known. (18 Nov 1997) |
| lysosomal storage diseases | Inborn errors of metabolism characterised by defects in specific lysosomal hydrolases and resulting in intracellular accumulation of unmetabolised substrates. (12 Dec 1998) |
| acid phosphatase | <enzyme> An enzyme that catalyses the conversion of an orthophosphoric monoester and water to an alcohol and orthophosphate. Chemical name: Orthophosphoric-monoester phosphohydrolase (acid optimum) Registry number: EC 3.1.3.2 (12 Dec 1998) |
| acid phosphatase test for semen | A screening test for semen by determining acid phosphatase content; because seminal fluid contains high concentrations of acid phosphatase, while other body fluids and extraneous foreign materials have very low concentrations, high values of acid phosphatase on vaginal aspirate or lavage, or on wash fluid from stains, render positive identification of semen, even if the male is aspermic. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Gomori's non-specific acid phosphatase stain | <technique> A method in which formalin-fixed frozen sections are incubated in a substrate containing sodium beta-glycerophosphate and lead nitrate at pH 5.0; the insoluble lead phosphate produced is treated with ammonium sulfide to give a black lead sulfide. (05 Mar 2000) |
| prostate acid phosphatase | An enzyme produced by the prostate that is elevated in some patients with prostate cancer. (12 Dec 1998) |
| purple acid phosphatase | <enzyme> 110-kD glycoprotein with fe(iii)-zn(ii) centre; isolated from the red kidney bean phaseolus vulgaris; genbank p80366 Registry number: EC 3.1.3.- Synonym: tartrate-resistant purple acid phosphatase, fe(iii)-zn(ii) purple acid phosphatase, kbpase (26 Jun 1999) |
| okadaic acid-sensitive phosphatase | <enzyme> Negatively controls the cyclin degradation pathway in amphibian eggs Registry number: EC 3.1.3.- Synonym: oas-phosphatase (26 Jun 1999) |
| tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase | <biochemistry, enzyme> Acid phosphatase is present in bone, prostate, platelets, erythrocytes and spleen. Osteoclasts contain an isoenzyme that is resistant to tartrate, whereas, the isoenzyme in the prostate is sensitive. Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase is elevated in the serum of patients with primary hypoparathyroidism, Paget disease, vertebral osteoporosis, T-cell lymphoma and in women after oophorectomy. Oestrogen replacement in osteoporotic postmenopausal women is associated with a decrease in tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase of 70% over 3 to 6 months. Acronym: TRAP (16 Dec 1997) |
| lysophosphatidic acid phosphatase | <enzyme> Forms 1-acyl-sn-glycerol plus pi Registry number: EC 3.1.3.- (26 Jun 1999) |
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