| ¿µ¹® | lymphoma | ÇÑ±Û | ¸²ÇÁÁ¾ |
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| ¼³¸í | ¸²ÇÁÀý¿¡ »ý±ä ¾Ç¼º Á¾¾ç. ÀÌ ¾ÏÀº ¹éÇ÷º´°ú´Â ´Ù¸£´Ù. ¸²ÇÁ¼º ¹éÇ÷º´Àº °ñ¼ö¿¡¼ »ý±ä ¸²ÇÁ±¸¼º ¾Ç¼ºÁ¾¾çÀÌÁö¸¸, ¸²ÇÁÁ¾Àº ¸²ÇÁÀý¿¡¼ »ý±ä ¸²ÇÁ±¸¼º ¾Ç¼ºÁ¾¾çÀÌ´Ù. ¸²ÇÁÁ¾Àº Å©°Ô 2°¡Áö Áï È£ÁöŲ¸²ÇÁÁ¾(Hodgkin's lymphoma)°ú ºñÈ£ÁöŲ¸²ÇÁÁ¾(Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma)À¸·Î ³ª´¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ¶ÇÇÑ ºñÈ£ÁîŲ¸²ÇÁÁ¾Àº ¿©·¯ °¡ÁöÀÇ ¼¼Æ÷ÇüÅ¿¡ µû¶ó ³ª´©°í ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ º´Àº ´ÜÁö ¸²ÇÁÀý»Ó¸¸ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó Áö¶ó, °ñ¼ö, ÀÌ¿Ü ´Ù¸¥ ±â°üÀ» ħ¹üÇÔÀ¸·Î½á ¾Ç¼ºÀ̸ç, »ý¸í¿¡ Å« À§ÇùÀ» ÁØ´Ù. ƯÀÌÇÑ ÇüÅ·Π¹öŶ¸²ÇÁÁ¾(Burkitt's lymphoma)°¡ ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ º´Àº ÁÖ·Î ¾î¸°ÀÌ¿¡°Ô ÀϾ¸ç ÁÖ·Î Áß¾Ó ¾ÆÇÁ¸®Ä«¿¡ ¸¹ÀÌ ¹ß»ýÇÑ´Ù. ¶ÇÇÑ ÀÌ º´Àº ¹ÙÀÌ·¯½º(Ebstein Barr virus)¿¡ ÀÇÇØ¼ ÀϾ´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î ¾Ë·ÁÁ® ÀÖ´Ù. ÁÖµÈ Ä§¹üºÎÀ§´Â ¾ó±¼ÀÇ ¾Æ·¡ÅλÀÀÌ´Ù. |
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| ¿µ¹® | non-Hodgkin lymphoma | ÇÑ±Û | ºñÈ£ÁöŲ ¸²ÇÁÁ¾ |
|---|---|---|---|
| ¼³¸í | ¸²ÇÁÁ¾Àº ¸²ÇÁÀý¿¡ »ý±ä ¾Ç¼º Á¾¾çÀ¸·Î ¹éÇ÷º´°ú´Â ´Ù¸£´Ù. ¹éÇ÷º´Àº °ñ¼ö¿¡¼ »ý±ä ¸²ÇÁ±¸¼º ¾Ç¼ºÁ¾¾çÀÌÁö¸¸, ¸²ÇÁÁ¾Àº ¸²ÇÁÁ¶Á÷¿¡¼ »ý±ä ¸²ÇÁ±¸¼º ¾Ç¼ºÁ¾¾çÀÌ´Ù. Å©°Ô ¸²ÇÁÁ¾Àº 2°¡Áö·Î ³ª´ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â µ¥, È£ÁöŲº´(Hodgkin's lymphoma)°ú ºñÈ£ÁöŲ¸²ÇÁÁ¾(non-Hodgkin's lymphoma)À¸·Î ³ª´ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ¶ÇÇÑ ºñÈ£ÁöŲ¸²ÇÁÁ¾Àº ¿©·¯ °¡ÁöÀÇ ¼¼Æ÷ÇüÅ¿¡ µû¶ó ³ª´©°í ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ º´Àº ´ÜÁö ¸²ÇÁÀý»Ó¸¸ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó Áö¶ó, °ñ¼ö, ÀÌ¿Ü ´Ù¸¥ ±â°üÀ» ħ¹üÇÔÀ¸·Î½á ¾Ç¼ºÀ̸ç, »ý¸í¿¡ Å« À§ÇùÀ» ÁØ´Ù. ¾Ç¼º¸²ÇÁÁ¾ÀÇ ÀÏÁ¾. ÀüÀÌÀÇ ÇüŰ¡ ´Ù¾çÇÏ¿©, ÁÖÀ§ ¸²ÇÁÀýÀ» °Ç³Ê¶Ù¾î ´Ù¸¥ ¸²ÇÁÀý·Î ÀüÀÌÇϱ⵵ ÇÑ´Ù. ¶ÇÇÑ ¼¼Æ÷ÀÇ ÇüÅ¿¡ µû¶ó ¿©·¯ °¡Áö Á¾·ù°¡ ÀÖÀ¸¸ç ´ë°³ Ä¡·á´Â ¹æ»ç¼±Ä¡·á¿Í ÈÇпä¹ýÀ» º¹ÇÕÇÏ¿© »ç¿ëÇÑ´Ù. |
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| ¿µ¹® | TNM staging system | ÇÑ±Û | Á¾¾çº´±âºÐ·ù°èÅë |
|---|---|---|---|
| ¼³¸í | Á¾¾çÀÇ º´±â(stage)¸¦ °áÁ¤ÇÏ´Â ÇÑ ¹æ¹ý. T´Â Tumor(Á¾¾ç)¸¦ ¶æÇÏ¸ç ¿ø¹ßº´ÅÍÀÇ Å©±â, ÁÖÀ§Á¶Á÷À¸·ÎÀÇ Ä§À±Á¤µµ µî¿¡ µû¶ó T1, T2, T3, T4(¼ýÀÚ°¡ ³ôÀ» ¼ö·Ï ÁÖÀ§·Î ħÀ±ÀÌ ¸¹´Ù) µîÀ¸·Î ³ª´«´Ù. NÀº Node(¸²ÇÁÀý)¸¦ ¶æÇϸç ħ¹üµÈ ¸²ÇÁÀýÀÇ °¹¼ö, Å©±â, À§Ä¡ µî¿¡ µû¶ó N1, N2, N3 µîÀ¸·Î ³ª´«´Ù. MÀº Metastasis(ÀüÀÌ)¸¦ ¶æÇÏ¸ç ¿ø°ÝÀüÀÌÀÇ À¯¹«¿¡ µû¶ó M0, M1 µîÀ¸·Î ³ª´«´Ù. ÀÌ»óÀÇ ¹æ¹ýÀ¸·Î T, N, MÀÌ °áÁ¤µÇ¸é À̵éÀ» Á¶ÇÕÇÏ¿© ÃÖÁ¾ÀûÀÎ º´±â¸¦ °áÁ¤ÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌ·¸°Ô °áÁ¤µÈ º´±â´Â Ä¡·á ¹æÄ§ °áÁ¤°ú ¿¹ÈÄ ÆÇ´Ü¿¡ ¸Å¿ì Áß¿äÇÏ´Ù. |
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| ¿µ¹® | staging of tumors | ÇÑ±Û | Á¾¾çÀÇ º´±â |
|---|---|---|---|
| ¼³¸í | º´±â´Â Á¾¾çÀÇ ÆÄ±ÞÁ¤µµ ¹× À§Ç輺À» ÀÏÁ¤ÇÑ ±âÁØ¿¡ ÀÇÇØ Ç¥½ÃÇÏ´Â ¹æ¹ýÀ¸·Î¼ ÀÓ»óÀû, ¿Ü°úÀû, º´¸®ÇÐÀûÀÎ ¹æ¹ý¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ½Ç½ÃÇÏ¿© Æò°¡ÇÑ´Ù. º´±âÀÇ ±¸Ã¼Àû ¸ñÀûÀº Ä¡·áÀÇ °èȹÀ» ¼¼¿ì´Âµ¥ µµ¿òÀÌ µÇ°í, ¿¹ÈÄ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÁöħÀ» Á¦½ÃÇÏ´Â µ¥ ÀÖ´Ù. ¶ÇÇÑ, Ä¡·áÀÇ °á°ú¸¦ Æò°¡Çϴµ¥ µµ¿òÀÌ µÇ¾î¼, Ä¡·áÈÄ ¼·Î Á¤º¸±³È¯À» ¿ëÀÌÇÏ°Ô ÇÏ¿© º¸´Ù ³ªÀº Ä¡·á°èȹ¼ö¸³¿¡ Áß¿äÇÏ´Ù. 1)ÇØºÎÇÐÀû º´±â(anatomic stage): ÀϹÝÀûÀ¸·Î TMNºÐ·ù¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÑ´Ù. Áúº´ÀÇ Ä§¹ü ¹üÀ§¸¦ ¼¼ ºÎºÐÀ¸·Î Ç¥½ÃÇÔ. TÇ׸ñ: Á¾¾çÀÇ ÀÏÂ÷¼º ħ¹ü ¹üÀ§¸¦ Ç¥½ÃÇϸç ÈçÈ÷ Á¾¾çÀÇ Å©±â, ħ¹üÀÇ ±íÀÌ, Ç¥¸é ÀüÆÄ µîÀÇ ¼¼ °¡Áö ÇüÅ¿¡ ±âÃʸ¦ µÒ. NÇ׸ñ: Á¾¾çÀÇ ÀÌÂ÷¼º ¶Ç´Â ¸²ÇÁÀý ħ¹ü ¹üÀ§¸¦ Ç¥½ÃÇÏ¸ç ¸²ÇÁÀýÀÇ Å©±â, °æµµ, ¼ýÀÚ µî¿¡ ±âÃʸ¦ µÒ. MÇ׸ñ: Á¾¾çÀÇ ÀüÀÌ, Áï Ç÷°ü¼º ħ¹ü ¹üÀ§¸¦ Ç¥½ÃÇϸç ÀϹÝÀûÀ¸·Î Áß¿äÇÑ °ÍÀº ÀüÀÌÀÇ Á¤µµ°¡ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó ÀüÀÌÀÇ À¯¹«ÀÓ. 2) Á¶Á÷ÇÐÀû ºÐ·ù: Çö¹Ì°æÀû ¼Ò°ß¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ¾Ï¼¼Æ÷ÀÇ ¾Ç¼º Á¤µµ¸¦ Ç¥½ÃÇÏ¸ç Æ¯È÷ ¿¬Á¶Á÷À°Á¾ÀÇ ¿¹ÈÄ¿¡ Áß¿äÇÔ. ¶Ç ³¼Ò, °íȯ Á¾¾ç µîÀº º´¸®Á¶Á÷ÇÐÀû ºÐ·ù¿¡ µû¶ó Ä¡·á¹æ¹ýÀÌ ´Ù¸£¸ç È£ÁöŲº´°ú ºñÈ£ÁöŲ¸²ÇÁÁ¾ÀÇ ±¸ºÐ¿¡µµ Áß¿äÇÔ. |
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| TNM staging System | standard Tumor, NOde & Metastasis staging system |
|---|---|
| HL | hairline; hairy leukoplakia; half life; hearing level; hearing loss; heparin lock; histiocytic lymph... |
| NHL | nodular histiocytic lymphoma; non-Hodgkin lymphoma |
| ISS | International Staging System |
| AJCCS | American Joint Committee on Cancer Staging |
| INSS | International Neuroblastoma Staging System |
|---|---|
| ARL | AIDS)-related lymphoma |
| ATL | Adult T cell leukaemia-lymphoma |
| ATLL | Adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma |
| ATLL | Adult T cell lymphoma/leukaemia |
| avascular necrosis staging | <radiology> Stage CT/X-ray bone scan I - cold/hot spot II sclerotic focus with osteopenic ring III crescent sign (subchondral lucency) IV articular collapse flattening of femoral head sensitivity 86% 78% specificity 79% 75% see also: avascular necrosis (AVN) (12 Dec 1998) |
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| malignant melanoma: staging | <radiology> Clark staging: level I: all tumour cells above basement membrane (in situ), level II: tumour extends to papillary dermis, level III: tumour extends to interface between papillary and reticular dermis, level IV: tumour extends between bundles of collagen of reticular dermis, level V: tumour invasion of sucutaneous tissue (87% metastases) Breslow staging: thin: less than 0.75 mm depth of invasion, intermediate: 0.76 - 3.99 mm depth of invasion, thick: greater than 4 mm depth of invasion see: malignant melanoma (12 Dec 1998) |
| renal adenocarcinoma: staging | <radiology> Typical presentation: Haematuria . . . . . 70% Fever . . . . . . . 16% Pain . . . . . . . . 50% Polycythemia . . . . 3% Palpable mass . . . 20% Anatomic staging (TNM): T1 Small tumour, kidney not enlarged T2 Large tumour, contained within renal capsule T3 Extension into perinephric fat or renal vein T4 Invasion of adjacent organs (12 Dec 1998) |
| staging | Staging of breast cancer is based on the TNM Classification which classifies the size, site and spread of the disease.Therapeutic decisions are formulated in part according to staging (they are formulated primarily according to lymph node status and ER and PR receptor levels in the tumourous tissue, refer definition of ER and PR in this dictionary). The numbers I, II, III and IV are used to denote the stages and each number refers to a possible combination of TNM factors. For example: a Stage I breast cancer is defined by the TMN group: T1, N0, M0 which mean:T1 - Tumour is 2cm or less in diameter, N0 - No regional lymph node metastasis, M0 - No distant metastasis. A complete outline of TMN and Staging is available from PDQ, for which refer to the resource centre's listing of information services. (16 Dec 1997) |
| neoplasm staging | Methods which attempt to express in replicable terms the extent of the neoplasm in the patient. (12 Dec 1998) |
| TNM staging | A system of clinicopathologic evaluation of tumours based on the extent of tumour involvement at the primary site (T, followed by a number indicating size and depth of invasion), and lymph node involvement (N) and metastasis (M) each followed by a number starting at 0 for no evident metastasis; numbers used depend on the organ involved and influence the prognosis and choice of treatment. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Jewett and Strong staging | Staging of bladder carcinoma: O, noninvasive; A, with submucosal invasion; B, with muscle invasion; C, with invasion of perivascular fat; D, with lymph node metastasis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| adult T-cell lymphoma | <tumour> An acute or subacute disease associated with a human T-cell virus, with lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, skin lesions, peripheral blood involvement, and hypercalcaemia. Synonym: adult T-cell leukaemia. (05 Mar 2000) |
| anaplastic large cell lymphoma | <tumour> A form of lymphoma characterised by anaplasia of cells, sinusoidal growth, and immunoreactivity with CD30 (Ki-1 or Ber-H2). Synonym: Ki-1+ lymphoma. (05 Mar 2000) |
| benign lymphoma of the rectum | A rectal polyp composed of lymphoid tissue with follicle formation, covered by mucosa. (05 Mar 2000) |
| burkitt lymphoma | A form of undifferentiated malignant lymphoma usually found in central africa, but also reported in other parts of the world. It is commonly manifested as a large osteolytic lesion in the jaw or as an abdominal mass. B-cell antigens are expressed on the immature cells that make up the tumour in virtually all cases of burkitt lymphoma. The epstein-barr virus (herpes virus 4, human) has been isolated from burkitt lymphoma cases in africa and it is implicated as the causative agent in these cases; however, most non-african cases are ebv-negative. (12 Dec 1998) |
| Burkitt's lymphoma | <oncology, tumour> A type of Non-Hodgkin lymphoma that most often occurs in young people between the ages of 12 and 30. The disease usually causes a rapidly growing tumour in the abdomen. (12 May 1997) |
| cancer, lymphoma, hodgkin's | A type of lymphoma (cancer of the lymphatic system). The most common symptom of Hodgkin's disease is a painless swelling in the lymph nodes in the neck, underarm, or groin. Hodgkin's disease is diagnosed when abnormal tissue is detected by a pathologist after a biopsy of an enlarged lymph node. Treatment usually includes radiation therapy or chemotherapy. Regular follow-up examinations are important after treatment for Hodgkin's disease. Patients treated for Hodgkin's disease have an increased risk of developing other types of cancer later in life, especially leukaemia. (12 Dec 1998) |
| cancer, lymphoma, non-hodgkin's | A lymphoma is a cancer that develops in the lymphatic system. The most common symptom of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas is a painless swelling in the lymph nodes in the neck, underarm, or groin. Non-Hodgkin's lymphomas are diagnosed with a biopsy of an enlarged lymph node. Follow-up examinations are important after lymphoma treatment. Most relapses occur in the first 2 years after therapy. (12 Dec 1998) |
| canine malignant lymphoma | <tumour> A progressive fatal disease of dogs characterised by neoplastic transformation and proliferation of lymphoid cells, usually originating in solid lymphoid organs (lymphosarcoma) or bone marrow (lymphocytic leukaemia). (05 Mar 2000) |
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