| 영문 | birth trauma | 한글 | 출산외상, 분만외상 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 분만의 과정에서 받은, 또는 그것에 의해 신생아에게 끼친 상해. 정신분석학에서는 아기가 태어날 때에 경험한다고 생각되는 심적 손상이나 두려움. 인간이 갖는 불안의 원형이라고 한다. |
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| 영문 | birth weight | 한글 | 출생체중 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 재태주수에 관계없이 출생시에서의 신생아 체중. 남녀 모두 약 반수가 3,000~3,500g에 포함된다. 2,500g 이하(빈도 7%)를 미숙아(WHO, 1951년)로 했는데, 1961년 이 조건에 해당하는 아기를 저출생체중아(2,500~1,500g)로 명명하도록 권고하고 있다. 그 밖에 1,500g 미만을 극소미숙아, 1,000g 미만을 초미숙아로 부른다. 4,000g 이상(빈도 3%)를 거대아라고 한다. 재태기간 주수에서의 출생시 평균체중이 2kg 이내인 아기를 영어로 AFD(appropriate for dates)아, 1,5kg 이하를 SED(small for dates)아 또는 LED(light for dates)아, 1,5kg 이상의 것을 LFD(large for dates)아 또는 HFD(heavy for dates)아로 부른다. 현재 LFD, HFD를 사용하도록 WHO가 권고하고 있다. |
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| 영문 | basal metabolic rate(BMR) | 한글 | 기초대사율 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 표준 기초대사량과 비교했을 때 개체 기초대사량이 보이는 편차를 표시하는 지수. 기초대사량은 생명을 유지하는데 필요한 최소한의 에너지 대사량이며, 성과 연령이 동일한 건강인의 기초대사량은 체표면적에 비례한다. 이것을 체표면적의 법칙이라고 하며, 1882년 독일의 대사생리학자 M. 브루너에 의해 제창되었다. 체표면적은 신장과 체중에 의해 산출된다. 따라서 성-연령-신장-체중을 알면 표준기초량 Y가 산출되고 실제의 기초대사량 X는 산소소비량과 이산화탄소 발생량에서 산출된다. 그리고 X와 Y의 차이를 Y로 나눈 값(%)을 기초대사율이라고 한다. 경험적으로 얻은 BMR의 간단한 측정법도 있으며 다음과 같은 식으로 구한다. 이 식에서 맥폭이란 최고혈압과 최저혈압의 차를 말한다. BMR(%)=0.75(1분 맥박수 + 0.74×맥폭)－72. BMR이 10% 이내이면 정상범위, +10% 이상이면 기초대사항진, －10% 이하이면 기초대사 저하라고 한다. 기초대사는 공복시(식후 10시간 경과)에 안정된 상태에서 단위 시간당 이용되는 에너지의 양, 즉, 한 시간당, 몸 표면의 1m2당 또는 몸무게 1kg 당 칼로리로 나타낸다. 이것은 개인에 따라 다르며 장기간에는 거의 변화가 없지만 질병 등으로 인해 변동된다. 실측한 기초대사를 표준치와 비교함으로써 질병의 진단 등에 응용할 수 있다 BMR=(실측치-표준치)/표준치 ×100(%)로 나타낸다. |
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| 영문 | five-year survival rate | 한글 | 오년생존율 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 1. 동일 질병의 진단 혹은 치료 후, 5년이 경과 된 뒤의 생존자수의 표현. 2. 암의 진단 또는 치료 뒤에 검사를 반복하여 5년 동안 살아 있는 사람의 백분율. 치료 후 5년 동안 생존하면 일단 치유된 것으로 간주한다. |
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| 영문 | ESR(Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate) | 한글 | 적혈구침강속도, 혈침 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 혈액이 응고되는 것을 방지하는 항응고제를 넣은 혈액을 침강용 유리관에 넣어 가만히 세워 두었을 때 적혈구가 가라앉는 속도를 이르는 말이다. 1918년 스웨덴의 병리학자 파레우스의 창안에 의한 것이다. 측정방법으로 여러 가지가 있는데, 국제표준법으로는 1973년 웨스터그렌법의 1시간법이 선정되었으며, 1977년 그것을 개정하여 각국에서 쓰도록 권장하고 있다. 1시간 후 침강용 유리관 위쪽의 혈장기둥의 높이를 mm로 읽어, 그것을 적혈구침강의 1시간값으로 한다. 만약 혈장과 적혈구의 경계가 선명하지 못한 경우, 적혈구의 밀도가 그 이하에서는 일정하다고 여겨지는 곳의 눈금을 읽어 적혈구침강의 1시간값으로 한다. 측정 때의 실내온도는 18~25도로 한다. 일반적으로 이보다 온도가 높은 경우는 혈침반응이 촉진되며, 낮은 경우는 늦어진다. 정상 값은 2~10mm(남자), 3~15mm(여자)이며 15세 이하의 어린이, 50세 이상의 고령자에서는 약간 높다. |
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| ECG | Electro-Cardio-Graphy(-Gram); 심전도 = EKG 1. Conducting System Structu... |
|---|---|
| LV | laryngeal vestibule; lateral ventricle; lecithovitellin; left ventricle, left ventricular; leucovori... |
| LVV | left ventricular volume; Le Veen valve; live varicella vaccine; live varicella virus |
| FTLB | full-term live birth |
| LB | lamellar body; large bowel; left breast; left bronchus; left bundle; left buttock; leiomyoblastoma; ... |
| LVS | Live Vaccine Strain |
|---|---|
| LWG | Live-weight gain |
| LW | live weight |
| MLV | modified live virus |
| BW | 1--birth weight |
| birth rate | The birth rate is usually given as the number of live births divided by the average population (or the population at midyear). This is termed the crude birth rate. In 1995, for example, the crude birth rate per 1,000 population was 14 in the United States, 16.9 in Australia, etc. (12 Dec 1998) |
|---|---|
| rate, birth | The birth rate is usually given as the number of live births divided by the average population (or the population at midyear). This is termed the crude birth rate. In 1995, for example, the crude birth rate per 1,000 population was 14 in the united states, 16.9 in Australia, etc. (12 Dec 1998) |
| crude birth rate | <epidemiology> The number of live births in a year divided by the population size. (05 Dec 1998) |
| live | 1. To be alive; to have life; to have, as an animal or a plant, the capacity of assimilating matter as food, and to be dependent on such assimilation for a continuance of existence; as, animals and plants that live to a great age are long in reaching maturity. "Thus saith the Lord God unto these bones; Behold, I will . . . Lay sinews upon you, and will bring up flesh upon you, and cover you with skin, and put breath in you, and ye shall live." (Ezek. Xxxvii. 5, 6) 2. To pass one's time; to pass life or time in a certain manner, as to habits, conduct, or circumstances; as, to live in ease or affluence; to live happily or usefully. "O death, how bitter is the remembrance of thee to a man that liveth at rest in his possessions!" (Ecclus. Xli. 1) 3. To make one's abiding place or home; to abide; to dwell; to reside. "Jacob lived in the land of Egypt seventeen years." (Gen. Xlvii. 28) 4. To be or continue in existence; to exist; to remain; to be permanent; to last; said of inanimate objects, ideas, etc. "Men's evil manners live in brass; their virtues We write in water." (Shak) 5. To enjoy or make the most of life; to be in a state of happiness. "What greater curse could envious fortune give Than just to die when I began to live?" (Dryden) 6. To feed; to subsist; to be nourished or supported; with on; as, horses live on grass and grain. 7. To have a spiritual existence; to be quickened, nourished, and actuated by divine influence or faith. "The just shall live by faith." (Gal. Iii. Ll) 8. To be maintained in life; to acquire a livelihood; to subsist; with on or by; as, to live on spoils. "Those who live by labour." (Sir W. Temple) 9. To outlast danger; to float; said of a ship, boat, etc.; as, no ship could live in such a storm. "A strong mast that lived upon the sea." (Shak) To live out, to be at service; to live away from home as a servant. To live with. To dwell or to be a lodger with. To cohabit with; to have intercourse with, as male with female. Origin: OE. Liven, livien, AS. Libban, lifian; akin to OS. Libbian, D. Leven, G. Leben, OHG. Lebn, Dan. Leve, Sw. Lefva, Icel. Lifa to live, to be left, to remain, Goth. Liban to live; akin to E. Leave to forsake, and life, Gr. To persist, oily, shining, sleek, fat, lard, Skr. Lip to anoint, smear; the first sense prob. Was, to cleave to, stick to; hence, to remain, stay; and hence, to live. 1. Having life; alive; living; not dead. "If one man's ox hurt another's, that he die; then they shall sell the live ox, and divide the money of it." (Ex. Xxi. 35) 2. Being in a state of ignition; burning; having active properties; as, a live coal; live embers. " The live ether." 3. Full of earnestness; active; wide awake; glowing; as, a live man, or orator. 4. Vivid; bright. " The live carnation." 5. <engineering> Imparting power; having motion; as, the live spindle of a lathe. 6. (Elec) connected to a voltage source, as a live wire. 7. (Broadcasting) being transmitted instantaneously, as events occur, in contrast to recorded. 8. (Sport) still in active play as a live ball. 9. Pertaingin to an entertainment event which was performed (and possibly recorded) in front of an audience; contrasted to performances recorded in a studio without an audience Live birth, the condition of being born in such a state that acts of life are manifested after the extrusion of the whole body. Live box, a cell for holding living objects under microscopical examination. Live feathers, feathers which have been plucked from the living bird, and are therefore stronger and more elastic. Live gang. See Gang. <botany> Live grass, a circular train of rollers upon which a swing bridge, or turntable, rests, and which travels around a circular track when the bridge or table turns. Live steam, steam direct from the boiler, used for any purpose, in distinction from exhaust steam. Live stock, horses, cattle, and other domestic animals kept on a farm. Whole body. Origin: Abbreviated from alive. See Alive, Life. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| live bottom | A material storage bin or truck with a floor which incorporates a device for removing or unloading the material contained in the bin. (05 Dec 1998) |
| live-forever | <botany> A plant (Sedum Telephium) with fleshy leaves, which has extreme powers of resisting drought; garden ox-pine. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| live oral poliovirus vaccine | Inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV), an aqueous suspension of inactivated strains of poliomyelitis virus (types 1, 2, and 3) used by injection; has largely been replaced by the oral vaccine. See: Salk vaccine. (05 Mar 2000) |
| live vaccine | Vaccine prepared from living, attenuated organisms. (05 Mar 2000) |
| live vaccines | Vaccines containing living organisms or intact viruses. (14 Nov 1997) |
| birth | 1. The act or fact of coming into life, or of being born; generally applied to human beings; as, the birth of a son. 2. Lineage; extraction; descent; sometimes, high birth; noble extraction. "Elected without reference to birth, but solely for qualifications." (Prescott) 3. The condition to which a person is born; natural state or position; inherited disposition or tendency. "A foe by birth to Troy's unhappy name." (Dryden) 4. The act of bringing forth; as, she had two children at a birth. "At her next birth." 5. That which is born; that which is produced, whether animal or vegetable. "Poets are far rarer births that kings." (B. Jonson) "Others hatch their eggs and tend the birth till it is able to shift for itself." (Addison) 6. Origin; beginning; as, the birth of an empire. New birth, regeneration, or the commencement of a religious life. Synonym: Parentage, extraction, lineage, race, family. Origin: OE. Burth, birth, AS. Beor, gebyrd, fr. Beran to bear, bring forth; akin to D. Geboorate, OHG. Burt, giburt, G. Geburt, Icel. Burr, Skr. Bhrti bearing, supporting; cf. Ir. & Gael. Beirthe born, brought forth. 92. See 1st Bear, and cf. Berth. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| birth amputation | Amputation produced in utero; attributed to the pressure of constricting bands (amniotic); autosomal recessive inheritance. Synonym: amniotic amputation, amputation, birth amputation, intrauterine amputation, spontaneous amputation. (05 Mar 2000) |
| birth canal | Cavity of the uterus and vagina through which the foetus passes. Synonym: parturient canal. (05 Mar 2000) |
| birth certificates | Official certifications by a physician recording the individual's birth date, place of birth, parentage and other required identifying data which are filed with the local registrar of vital statistics. (12 Dec 1998) |
| birth control | Restriction of the number of offspring by means of contraceptive measures, projects, programs, or methods to control reproduction, by either improving or diminishing fertility. (05 Mar 2000) |
| birth defect | Defect present at birth; sometimes referred to as congenital defect. (05 Mar 2000) |
제품명 |
판매사 |
보험코드 | 성분/함량 | 구분/보험급여 |
|---|
제품명 |
판매사 |
보험코드 | 성분/함량 | 구분/보험급여 |
|---|