| 영문 | dwarfism | 한글 | 난쟁이, 왜소증 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 신장발육이 부진하여 표준보다 훨씬 키가 작은 경우, 또는 그런 사람을 말한다. 병명도 주유증, 소치증, 유치증, 발육부전, 왜소증 등 여러 가지이다. 같은 인종, 같은 연령의 평균 키에 대한 표준편차의 3~4배가 작을 경우, 성인의 경우 1m미만인 경우로 정의하고 있으나 그 판단기준이 애매하다. 난쟁이 중에서 지능 및 생식기의 발육장애가 없고 연령과 뼈의 X-선 촬영으로 측정되는 골연령이 일치되어 있는 경우를 원발난쟁이(primordial dwarfism)라 한다. 이 경우에는 유전적 소인 외에는 원인이 될 만한 결함을 찾을 수 없다고 한다. 대뇌의 밑부분에 존재하면서 여러 가지 호르몬을 분비하는 뇌하수체의 이상으로 인해서 뼈의 성장에 관여하는 성장호르몬의 분비 저하에 의한 소인증을 하수체난쟁이(pituitary dwarfism)라고 한다. 즉 종양, 외상 등으로 인해서 뇌하수체 부위에 기질적인 변화가 생기거나 원인이 없이 성장 호르몬의 분비 저하가 되는 경우이다. 지능의 발육 정도는 비교적 양호하지만 대개 제2차 성징을 볼 수 없다. 성인이 될 때까지 갑상선 기능이 쇠퇴해서 호르몬 분비량이 적어서 일어나는 갑상샘성 난쟁이가 있다. 어릴 때 갑상샘제거수술을 해도 같은 결과가 된다. 손발의 성장이 정지될 뿐 아니라, 지능-정신의 발육부전을 동반한다. 얼굴은 어린애같지만 피부에 주름이 잡혀 노인같이 보인다. |
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| ALC | absolute lymphocyte count; acute lethal catatonia; aided living center; Alternative Lifestyle Checkl... |
|---|---|
| MLD | manual lymph drainage; median lethal dose; metachromatic leukodystrophy; minimal lesion disease; min... |
| CMD | campomelic dysplasia; camptomelic dwarfism; cartilage matrix deficiency; chief medical director; chi... |
| LTD | Laron-type dwarfism; leukotriene D; long-term disability |
| MOPD | microcephalic osteodysplastic primordial dwarfism |
| LTD | Laron type dwarfism |
|---|---|
| LC50 | Lethal Concentration |
| LD | Lethal dose |
| LD50 | Lethal dose |
| LD50 | Lethal dose 50 |
| lethal dwarfism | Dwarfism leading to intrauterine or neonatal death. (05 Mar 2000) |
|---|
| balanced lethal system | <genetics> A population with non-linked, recessive alleles of a gene, where an individual who has two copies of the recessive allele and is therefore homozygous is dead, while an individual who has only one copy of it, and one copy of a different allele (and is heterozygous) survives. (09 Oct 1997) |
|---|---|
| genes, lethal | Genes which result in the premature death of the organism; dominant lethal genes kill heterozygotes, whereas recessive lethal genes kill only homozygotes. (12 Dec 1998) |
| genetic lethal | A disorder that prevents effective reproduction by those affected; e.g., Klinefelter syndrome. (05 Mar 2000) |
| granuloma, lethal midline | A non-neoplastic disease of unknown aetiology beginning with inflammation, ulceration, and perforation of nose and palate and progressing to gradual destruction of midline facial structures. (12 Dec 1998) |
| chicken embryo lethal orphan virus | <virology> A virus with characteristics of adenovirus, and similar to quail bronchitis virus. Synonym: chicken embryo lethal orphan virus. (05 Mar 2000) |
| minimal lethal dose | <pharmacology> The minimal dose of a toxic substance or infectious agent that is lethal, as assayed in various experimental animals (e.g., the least amount of diphtheria toxin that, on an average, kills a 250-g guinea pig within 96 hours after subcutaneous inoculation). When followed by a subscript (generally "MLD50"), denotes the minimal dose that is lethal to a certain percentage (e.g., 50%) of animals so assayed, LD05. See: lethal dose. (05 Mar 2000) |
| clinical lethal | A disorder that culminates in premature death. (05 Mar 2000) |
| conditional-lethal mutant | A viral mutant that can replicate under some (permissive) conditions but not under other (restrictive or nonpermissive) conditions, the parent (wild type) strain being able to replicate under both conditions. See: suppressor-sensitive mutant, temperature-sensitive mutant. Synonym: conditional-lethal mutant. (05 Mar 2000) |
| conditionally lethal mutant | A viral mutant that can replicate under some (permissive) conditions but not under other (restrictive or nonpermissive) conditions, the parent (wild type) strain being able to replicate under both conditions. See: suppressor-sensitive mutant, temperature-sensitive mutant. Synonym: conditional-lethal mutant. (05 Mar 2000) |
| dominant lethal trait | Trait, expressed in the phenotype if present in the genotype, that precludes having descendants. All such cases are necessarily sporadic and must represent new mutations as the usual methods of classical genetics provide no means of demonstrating any genetic component whatsoever, except for tenuous arguments such as advanced paternal age. Molecular biology may help although the methods may be tedious; if there is an epistatic gene that may mask the trait, the logic is more tractable, though complex. (05 Mar 2000) |
| y-suppressed lethal gene | <genetics> In the fruit fly Drosophila, this is a recessive, lethal gene that kills XO flies but not normal XY male flies. (09 Oct 1997) |
| zygotic lethal gene | <genetics> A mutated or otherwise defective gene at embryonic or larval stages. (06 May 1997) |
| lethal | Deadly, fatal. Origin: L. Lethalis, from lethum = death (18 Nov 1997) |
| lethal coefficient | <microbiology> That concentration of disinfectant that kills bacteria at 20-25캜 in the shortest period of time. (05 Mar 2000) |
| lethal dose | <pharmacology> The amount, or dosage, of a toxin necessary to cause death. (16 Mar 1998) |
제품명 |
판매사 |
보험코드 | 성분/함량 | 구분/보험급여 |
|---|
제품명 |
판매사 |
보험코드 | 성분/함량 | 구분/보험급여 |
|---|