| NORML | National Organization for the Reform of Marijuana Laws |
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| Ambard's laws | <physiology> Obsolete law's for output of urea: 1. With the urinary urea concentration constant, urea output varies directly as the square of the concentration of the blood urea. 2. With the blood urea concentration constant, urea output varies inversely as the square root of its urinary concentration. (05 Mar 2000) |
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| antitrust laws | Those federal and state laws, and their enforcement, that protect trade and commerce from unlawful restraints and monopolies or unfair business practices. (12 Dec 1998) |
| Mendel's laws | <genetics> The two basic principles of genetics proposed by Gregor Mendel. The law of segregation, which states that the alleles governing a trait are separated during the creation of gametes (meiosis). The law of independent assortment, which states that the genes controlling different traits are distributed separately from each other during meiosis. (13 Nov 1997) |
| Rubner's laws of growth | The law of constant energy consumption: the rapidity of growth is proportional to the intensity of the metabolic processes, the law of the constant growth quotient: in most young mammals, 24% of the entire food energy, or calories, is utilised for growth; in humans only 5% is utilised. (05 Mar 2000) |
| scaling laws | <radiobiology> These are mathematical rules explaining how variation in one quantity affects variations in other quantities. For instance, in a tokamak reactor its generally believed that energy confinement depends on the size of the device and the strength of the magnetic field, but the precise nature of the dependence is not fully understood, so empirical scaling laws are tested to see what the dependence is. Scaling laws are useful for extrapolating from parameter regimes where the mathematical relationships between the various quantities are known, into unexplored regimes. (09 Oct 1997) |
| Thoma's laws | The development of blood vessels is governed by dynamic forces acting on their walls as follows: an increase in velocity of blood flow causes dilation of the lumen; an increase in lateral pressure on the vessel wall causes it to thicken; an increase in end-pressure causes the formation of new capillaries. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Faraday's laws | The amount of an electrolyte decomposed by an electric current is proportional to the amount of the current, when the same current is passed through several electrolytes, the amounts of the different substances decomposed are proportional to their chemical equivalents. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Fick's laws of diffusion | The direction of movement of solutes by diffusion is always from a higher to a lower concentration and the diffusive flux JA of solute A across a plane at x is proportional to the concentration gradient of A at x; i.e., JA = -D(CA/x), the increase of concentration of solute A with time, CA/t, is directly proportional to the change in the concentration gradient, i.e., CA/t = D(fl2/x2). (05 Mar 2000) |
| laws of association | Principles formulated by Aristotle to account for the functional relationships between ideas; the law of contiguity (association) proved most useful to experimental psychologists, culminating in modern studies of respondent conditioning. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Koch, Robert | <person> German bacteriologist and Nobel laureate, 1843-1910. See: Koch's bacillus, Koch's blue bodies, Koch's law, Koch's old tuberculin, Koch's phenomenon, Koch's postulates, Koch-Weeks bacillus. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Koch's bacillus | The Gram-positive bacterium that causes tuberculosis. (09 Oct 1997) |
| Koch's blue bodies | Schizonts of Theileria parva, the causative agent of East Coast fever; found principally within endothelial cells of the spleen and lymph nodes. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Koch's law | To establish the specificity of a pathogenic microorganism, it must be present in all cases of the disease, inoculations of its pure cultures must produce disease in animals, and from these it must be again obtained and be propagated in pure cultures. Synonym: Koch's law. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Koch's node | sinoatrial node |
| Koch's original tuberculin | <protein> A protein extracted from the tuberculosis bacteriumMycobacterium tuberculosis. It is used in tests to determine if aperson has been exposed to the bacteria and is in danger of coming down with the disease. (09 Oct 1997) |
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