| SEVC | single electrode voltage clamp |
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| ivory | 1. The hard, white, opaque, fine-grained substance constituting the tusks of the elephant. It is a variety of dentine, characterised by the minuteness and close arrangement of the tubes, as also by their double flexure. It is used in manufacturing articles of ornament or utility. Ivory is the name commercially given not only to the substance constituting the tusks of the elephant, but also to that of the tusks of the hippopotamus and walrus, the hornlike tusk of the narwhal, etc. 2. The tusks themselves of the elephant, etc. <zoology> Ivory gull, a white Arctic gull (Larus eburneus). <botany> Ivory nut, any species of Eburna, a genus of marine gastropod shells, having a smooth surface, usually white with red or brown spots. Vegetable ivory, the meat of the ivory nut. Origin: OE. Ivori, F. Ivoire, fr. L. Eboreus made of ivory, fr. Ebur, eboris, ivory, cf. Skr. Ibha elephant. Cf. Eburnean. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
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| ivory-bill | <zoology> A large, handsome, North American woodpecker (Campephilus principalis), having a large, sharp, ivory-coloured beak. Its general colour is glossy black, with white secondaries, and a white dorsal stripe. The male has a large, scarlet crest. It is now rare, and found only in the Gulf States. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| ivory exostosis | A small, rounded, eburnated tumour arising from a bone, usually one of the cranial bones. (05 Mar 2000) |
| ivory membrane | The lining membrane of the pulp cavity of a tooth, consisting of the odontoblastic layer. Synonym: ivory membrane. (05 Mar 2000) |
| ivory vertebra | A radiographically dense vertebra, usually from metastatic disease, especially lymphoma when solitary. (05 Mar 2000) |
| ivory vertebral body | <radiology> Single or multiple very dense vertebra: collapse, metastases, sclerotic metastasis or treated lytic metastasis, preservation of disc space and vertebral body size, Paget's disease, usually single vertebral body, expanded body with thickened cortex and coarsened trabeculation, disc space preserved, lymphoma, preservation of disc space and vertebral body size, infection (low grade), end plate destruction, disc space narrowing, paraspinal soft tissue mass (12 Dec 1998) |
| Gant's clamp | A right-angled clamp used in haemorrhoidectomy. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Gaskell's clamp | An instrument for crushing the atrioventricular bundle in experimental animals and thus producing heart block. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Rankin's clamp | A three-bladed clamp used in resection of colon. (05 Mar 2000) |
| gingival clamp | A springlike metal piece encircling or grasping the cervix of a tooth and shaped so as to retract the gingival tissue. (05 Mar 2000) |
| patch clamp | <physiology> A specialised and powerful variant of voltage clamping, in which a patch electrode of relatively large tip diameter (5m) is pressed tightly against the plasma membrane of a cell, forming an electrically tight, gigohm seal. The current flowing through individual ion channels can then be measured. Different variants on this technique allow different surfaces of the plasma membrane to be exposed to the bathing medium: the contact just described is a cell attached patch. If the electrode is pulled away, leaving just a small disc of plasma membrane occluding the tip of the electrode, it is called an inside out patch. If suction is applied to a cell attached patch, bursting the plasma membrane under the electrode, a whole cell patch (similar to an intracellular recording) is formed. If the electrode is withdrawn from the whole cell patch, the membrane fragments adhering to the electrode reform a seal across the tip, forming an outside out patch. (15 Mar 2000) |
| patch-clamp techniques | An electrophysiologic technique for studying cells, cell membranes, and occasionally isolated organelles. All patch-clamp methods rely on a very high-resistance seal between a micropipette and a membrane; the seal is usually attained by gentle suction. The four most common variants include on-cell patch, inside-out patch, outside-out patch, and whole-cell clamp. Patch-clamp methods are commonly used to voltage clamp, that is control the voltage across the membrane and measure current flow, but current-clamp methods, in which the current is controlled and the voltage is measured, are also used. (15 Mar 2000) |
| Payr's clamp | A clamp used in gastrectomy or enterectomy. (05 Mar 2000) |
| glucose clamp technique | <technique> Maintenance of a constant blood glucose level by perfusion or infusion with glucose or insulin. It is used for the study of metabolic rates (e.g., in glucose, lipid, amino acid metabolism) at constant glucose concentration. (12 Dec 1998) |
| voltage clamp | <physiology, technique> A technique in electrophysiology, in which a microelectrode is inserted into a cell and current injected through the electrode so as to hold the cells membrane potential at some predefined level. The technique can be used with separate electrodes for voltage sensing and current passing, for small cells, the same electrode can be used for both. Voltage clamp is a powerful technique for the study of ion channels. See: patch clamp. (18 Nov 1997) |
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