| 영문 | alkaline phosphatase | 한글 | 알칼리성 인산분해효소 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 효소의 일종이며 여러 가지 동종효소(기능은 같지만 구조가 약간씩 다른 효소형태)로 신체의 여러 부위(특히 뼈와 간)에 정상적으로 많이 존재한다. 간내 쓸개관의 세포에 많이 존재하며, 뼈를 생성하는 세포인 뼈모세포(osteoblast)에 많이 존재한다. 그 외에도 여러 기관에 존재한다. 임상적 의의는 간과 뼈의 병 진단과 치료효과 판정에 도움을 준다. 간, 특히 간에서 만들어진 담즙을 샘창자까지 운반하는 쓸개길이 막힌 경우(쓸개관내에 종양이 생기거나 쓸개돌증으로 인해서 쓸개관이 막힌 경우)에는 쓸개내의 압력이 높아지고 간내 쓸개관의 세포가 깨져 그 속에 들어 있던 알칼리성 인산분해효소가 혈액속으로 방출되어 혈중 알칼리성 인산분해효소의 농도가 높아진다. 그리고 뼈의 생성이 많아지는 모든 경우(예를 들면 골절, 종양에 의한 뼈의 파괴시 복구를 위해서 뼈의 생성이 증가한다), 뼈모세포의 활동이 증가되고 뼈모세포의 효소인 알칼리성 인산분해효소의 활성도 역시 증가된다. |
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| 영문 | white blood cell(WBC), leukocyte | 한글 | 백혈구 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 혈액내에 골수구계세포와 림프계세포, 단핵구계세포를 모두 통틀어 말한다. 백혈구의 증가가 있으면 대개 감염이 있거나, 혹은 탈수현상이 있음을 의미한다. 또한 지나친 백혈구수의 감소는 인체내 면역기능이 떨어져 있음을 의미하며, 다른 질병에 의해 나타나는 이차적인 현상이 아닌지 꼭 진단을 받아보아야 한다. |
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| 영문 | mast cell | 한글 | 비만 세포 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 동물의 결합 조직 가운데 널리 분포하는 세포. 결합조직과 점막조직 내에 있는 호염기성 색소로 이염색성(metachromasia)을 나타내는 과립을 가진 방추형의 세포에 작은 둥근 핵을 가진다. 비만세포의 표면에는 IgE에 대한 수용체가 존재하며, 수용체에 결합한 IgE 분자들끼리 다가의 항원에 의해 서로 연결되면 비만세포 과립탈출 반응이 일어나, 히스타민, 세로토닌, 헤파린 등의 화학전달 물질이 방출되어, 즉시형 알레르기 반응 등의 증상을 일으킨다. 피부, 장막, 혈관 주위, 점막 주변에 있다. |
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| MEN | Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia ; AD Trait 1. MEN Type I(= Wermer Syndro... |
|---|---|
| MC | mass casualties; mast cell; Master of Surgery [Lat. Magister Chirurgiae]; maximum concentration; Med... |
| AP | accessory pathway; accounts payable; acid phosphatase; acinar parenchyma; action potential; active p... |
| APAAP | alkaline phosphatase-antialkaline phosphatase [labeling] |
| NAP | nasion, point A, pogonion [convexity or concavity of the facial profile]; nerve action potential; ne... |
| ICA | Islet Cell-Cytoplasmic Antibodies |
|---|---|
| ICA | Islet cell |
| ICA | Islet cell antibodies |
| ICAs | Islet cell antibodies |
| ICA | Islet cell antibody |
| islet cell antigen-related protein-tyrosine phosphatase | <enzyme> Receptor-like autoantigen found in insulin-dependent diabetes; genbank l76258 Registry number: EC 3.1.3.- Synonym: iar ptp (26 Jun 1999) |
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| adenoma, islet cell | A benign tumour of the islets of langerhans that may occur anywhere throughout the pancreas. Such tumours may result in hyperinsulinism or zollinger-ellison syndrome. (12 Dec 1998) |
|---|---|
| carcinoma, islet cell | A carcinoma of the islets of langerhans. (12 Dec 1998) |
| pancreatic isleT-cell tumours | <radiology> Insulinoma (beta-cell), usually solitary, 85% benign, gastrinoma, small, slow-growing, multiple, 60% malignant, Zollinger-Ellison syndrome: mult. Intractable ulcers, VIPoma, vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), WDHA syndrome: watery diarrhoea, hypokalaemia, achlorhydria, Verner-Morrison syndrome, glucagonoma, hyperglycaemia, migratory necrolytic erythema APUDomas, associated with MEN-1 (12 Dec 1998) |
| islet cell | <pathology> Cells of the Islets of Langerhans within the pancreas. See: A cells, B-cells, D cells. (18 Nov 1997) |
| islet cell adenoma | <tumour> A benign neoplasm of the pancreas composed of tissue similar in structure to that of the islets of Langerhans; it may contain functioning beta cells, and may cause hypoglycaemia. See: insulinoma. Synonym: nesidioblastoma. (05 Mar 2000) |
| islet cell antibodies | In first-degree relatives of probands with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus the presence of high titre ICA of the IgG cytoplasmic variety (IgG -ICA) and ICA of the complement-fixing subgroup (CF-ICA) confer a relative risk of 75 for development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. The presence of ICA combined with a decrease in the first-phase of insulin secretion ( less than 25 micro U/mL) is predictive with a 95% likelihood of the development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus within 12 months. Reproducible results among laboratories are possible with careful attention to selection of the human pancreas as substrate as well as to the use of dilutions to generate standard curves and to the conversion of results to units. The prozone phenomena described elsewhere are not common in our experience. Fifty percent of relatives with a single positive ICA test will develop insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus within 10 years, and 60-80% of relatives with both ICA and insulin autoantibodies (IAA) will develop insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus within 10 years. The predictive value for health of negative results for ICA and IAA is almost 99%. Strong, persistently positive ICA (i.e., 40 JDF U or greater), especially if accompanied by markedly decreased insulin secretion, are the best predictors of subsequent development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. The 64 kD beta-cell autoantigen long thought to be an important target for ICA is not yet available from expression cloning despite efforts by several groups.13 ICA positivity correlates with rapid loss of C-peptide secretory capacity in newly diagnosed ICA-positive insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. The predictive values of ICA for development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus within 10 years in first-degree relatives of patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus increase from 40% at low levels of ICA to 100% at high levels, whereas the sensitivity is 88% at low levels and 31% at high levels. In general, the risk of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in relatives of probands increases with titre of ICA, is greater in multiplex families, and is increased in those less than 10 years of age with positive ICA. Although the prevalence of ICA in Japanese with autoimmune thyroid disease resembles that in Caucasians, the incidence of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in the Japanese population is only 1/30 - 1/50 that in Caucasians. Prediabetics positive for ICA and IAA have increased suppressor-inducer (CD45R) and decreased helper-inducer (CDw29) peripheral blood lymphocytes. In two randomised, prospective, placebo-controlled studies of recent-onset insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, cyclosporine immunosuppression increased the rate of non-insulin-requiring remissions as well as beta-cell function during drug treatment. Although 12 months of cyclosporine therapy decreases titres of ICA and insulin antibodies (IA) and increases glucagon-stimulated levels of serum C-peptide, the determination of ICA and IA and HLA-DR type are of no predictive value in selecting recent- onset insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Patients for cyclosporine immunointervention. Genetic control of autoimmunity in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus is reviewed. EIA for autoantibodies to a 64 kD islet-cell protein is promising for prediction of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, but sensitivity and specificity are still suboptimal. See also: insulin antibodies. (05 Mar 2000) |
| islet-cell-stimulating antibodies | <immunology> Autoantibodies to a putative beta-cell receptor; stimulate the release of insulin both in rodents and man; may be analogous to the thyroid stimulating antibodies that cause grave's hyperthyroidism Synonym: icsta (05 Dec 1998) |
| blood islet | An aggregation of splanchnic mesodermal cells on the embryonic yolk sac, with the potentiality of forming vascular endothelium and primitive blood cells. Synonym: blood islet. (05 Mar 2000) |
| islet | A small island. (05 Mar 2000) |
| islet amyloid peptide | <hormone, protein> Peptide of 37 amino acids that selectively inhibits insulin stimulated glucose uptake in muscle. Structurally related to calcitonin gene-related peptide. (15 Oct 1997) |
| islet neogenesis-associated protein | <chemical> Constituent of ilotropin; stimulates proliferation of pancreatic ductal cells in vitro; from hamsters and humans; amino acid sequence given in first source Synonym: ingap protein, ingap gene product (05 Dec 1998) |
| islet tissue | <anatomy> Groups of cells found within the pancreas: A cells and B-cells secrete insulin and glucagon. See: D cells. (18 Nov 1997) |
| haematopoietic cell phosphatase | <enzyme> Gene found on chromosome 12p12-p13 in motheaten (me) and viable motheaten mice; shp1 is product of me gene; a single base pair change creates or alters splicing signal sequences of hc phosphatase genes with consequent abnormal mRNA splicing and expression of aberrant hc phosphatase transcript; partial aa sequence given in first source Registry number: EC 3.1.3.- Synonym: hc phosphatase, haematopoietic cell phosphatase, hcph gene product, human haematopoietic tyrosine phosphatase, heptp, leukocyte protein-tyrosine phosphatase, lc-ptp, shp1 tyrosine tyrosine phosphatase, ptp-1c, protein tyrosine phosphatase 1c (26 Jun 1999) |
| T-cell protein tyrosine phosphatase | <enzyme> Contains a single ptp domain and possesses a c-terminal region that may play a role in enzymatic regulation and/or targeting to discrete intracellular sites; amino acid sequence known Registry number: EC 3.1.3.- Synonym: tc-ptp (26 Jun 1999) |
| acetyl CoA carboxylase phosphatase | <enzyme> Phosphatase occurs in complex with the carboxylase Registry number: EC 3.1.3.- Synonym: acc-phosphatase, acetyl coenzyme a carboxylase phosphatase (26 Jun 1999) |
제품명 |
판매사 |
보험코드 | 성분/함량 | 구분/보험급여 |
|---|
제품명 |
판매사 |
보험코드 | 성분/함량 | 구분/보험급여 |
|---|