| AID | acquired immunodeficiency disease; acute infectious disease; acute ionization detector; Agency for I... |
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| PSD | particle size distribution; peptone, starch, and dextrose; periodic synchronous discharge; phase-sen... |
| API | alkaline protease inhibitor; Analytical Profile Index; arterial pressure index; atmospheric pressure... |
| CIMS | chemical ionization mass spectrometry |
| EHMS | electrohemodynamic ionization mass spectometry |
| APCI-MS | Atmospheric pressure chemical ionization-mass spectrometry |
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| CE-ESI-MS | Capillary electrophoresis-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry |
| CI | Chemical ionization |
| DCI | Desorption Chemical Ionization |
| EI | Electron impact ionization |
| spectrometry, mass, matrix-assisted laser desorption-ionization | A mass spectrometric technique that is used for the analysis of large biomolecules. Analyte molecules are embedded in an excess matrix of small organic molecules that show a high resonant absorption at the laser wavelength used. The matrix absorbs the laser energy, thus inducing a soft disintegration of the sample-matrix mixture into free (gas phase) matrix and analyte molecules and molecular ions. In general, only molecular ions of the analyte molecules are produced, and almost no fragmentation occurs. This makes the method well suited for molecular weight determinations and mixture analysis. (12 Dec 1998) |
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| ionization | <chemistry, radiobiology> Any process by which a neutral atom gains or loses electrons, thus acquiring a net charge, as the dissociation of a substance in solution into ions or ion production by the passage of radioactive particles. High temperatures, electrical discharges or nuclear radiations can cause ionisation. (16 Dec 1997) |
| ionization chamber | A chamber for detecting ionization of the enclosed gas; used for determining intensity of ionizing radiation. (05 Mar 2000) |
| flame ionization | Pyrolysis of organic compounds at the temperature of a hydrogen-air flame to produce ionic intermediates which can be collected and the resulting ion current measured by gas chromatography. (12 Dec 1998) |
| bone density | Bone density is the amount of bone tissue in a certain volume of bone. It can be measured using a special X-ray called a quantitative computed tomogram. (12 Dec 1998) |
| bulk density | Weight per unit of volume, usually specified in pounds per cubic foot. (05 Dec 1998) |
| buoyant density | The density that allows a substance to float in some standard fluid. (05 Mar 2000) |
| vapor density | The mass per unit volume of a vapor; since the vapor density changes with temperature and pressure, it is commonly expressed as a specific gravity, i.e., the weight of the vapor divided by the weight of an equal volume of a reference gas (e.g., oxygen or hydrogen) at the same temperature and pressure. (05 Mar 2000) |
| very low density lipoprotein | <biochemistry> A lipoprotein substances (combination of a fat and a protein) which acts as a carrier for cholesterol and fats (particularly triglycerides) in the bloodstream. Elevations in very low density lipoprotein in the bloodstream are associated with an increased risk of atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease. Acronym: VLDL (18 Nov 1997) |
| centrifugation, density gradient | Separation of particles according to density by employing a gradient of varying densities. at equilibrium each particle settles in the gradient at a point equal to its density. (12 Dec 1998) |
| photon density | The number of counted events recorded in scintigraphy per square centimeter or per square inch of imaged area. Synonym: count density. (05 Mar 2000) |
| count density | The number of counted events recorded in scintigraphy per square centimeter or per square inch of imaged area. Synonym: count density. (05 Mar 2000) |
| population density | <epidemiology> Number of individuals in a population relative to space. (12 Dec 1998) |
| current density | <radiobiology> Amount of current flowing through a substance, per unit area perpendicular to the direction of current flow. (See also density) (09 Oct 1997) |
| high density lipoprotein | <biochemistry> These lipoproteins acts to carry cholesterol in the bloodstream. Raised high density lipoprotein levels have been correlated with a lower risk for heart disease. Less than 35 mg/dl is considered a positive risk factor for coronary artery disease, over 60 mg/dl is considered a negative risk factor (reduces your risk of heart disease). Recent studies show a low high density lipoprotein level is the strongest predictor of cardiovascular death in women. Acronym: HDL (18 Nov 1997) |
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