| 영문 | graft versus host reaction | 한글 | 이식편대 숙주반응 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 면역이란 자신의 것과 자신의 것이 아닌 것을 구분해서 자신의 것이 아닌 것을 공격하여 생물학적 활성을 없애거나 제거하는 것이다. 이 면역은 주로 혈액에 있는 세포에 의해서 이루어진다. 특히 림프구는 이 면역에 중추적인 역할을 하는 세포이다. 이식편대숙주반응이라는 것은 이식되어온 조직에 존재하는 타인의 혈구들이 숙주의 세포를 공격하는 것을 말한다. 즉 이식되어온 조직과 함께 들어온 혈구들이 이식을 받은 사람의 세포를 타인의 것으로 인지해서 공격하는 현상이다. 이것은 이식을 받은 사람의 면역상태가 정상적일 경우에는 일어나지 않는데 왜냐하면 면역상태가 정상일 경우에는 이식되어온 장기와 더불어 들어온 타인의 혈구들을 이식을 받은 사람의 혈구가 타인의 것으로 인지해서 공격을 하고 숫적으로 유리하여 모두 죽일 수가 있기 때문이다. |
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| 영문 | host | 한글 | 숙주 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 다른 생물(기생체)을 기생시켜, 영양을 공급하는 동물 또는 식물. 마지막의 수주를 종숙주, 발육의 도중에 기생하는 숙주를 중간 숙주라고 한다. 기생동물 중에는 숙주가 특정한 종일 때도 있고 또 많은 기생충과 같이그 발생단계에 따라 많은 종류의 숙주를 필요로 하는 것도 있다. 이 경우 애벌레가 기생하는 숙주를 중간숙주, 성체가 기생하는 숙주를 최종숙주라고 한다. 간질인 경우에는 물고동이 중간숙주이고, 소-양 등은 최종숙주가 된다. 기생식물에는 겨우살이와 같이 졸참나무 등을 숙주로 하여 스스로 광합성을 하면서도 숙주에게서 영양을 얻는 것과, 야고와 같이 생강 등의 뿌리를 숙주로 하여 숙주에게서만 영양을 의존하는 것이 있다. 기생생물에는 이 밖에도 생물의 사체나 그 분해중에 있는 것, 배출물 등을 숙주로 하는 것도 있다. |
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| 영문 | graft | 한글 | 이식편 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 이식이 되는 조직. |
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| 영문 | immunological reaction | 한글 | 면역반응 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 생체의 몸 안에서 생긴 물질이나 몸 밖에서 들어온 물질이 생체와 다를 때 자기 체내의 통일성과 개체의 생존 유지 및 종의 존속을 위하여 그 물질들을 제거하는 일련의 생체 반응. 다시 말해 B세포에 의한 항체생산, T세포를 중심으로 하는 세포성 면역, 면역관용, 면역기억 등의 생체 내 반응을 말한다. 큰포식세포는 항원을 처리해서 특이적인 항원결정기를 갖는 분자로 바꿔, 항원과 주요조직 적합유전자복합체를 세포표면에 표현하며, T세포로 전달한다. 한편 B세포는 큰포식세포 내에서 처리된 항원의 결정기를 인식하여 대응하는 특이적항체를 생산하여 항원을 처리한다. |
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| 영문 | reaction formation | 한글 | 반동형성, 반응형성 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 억압보다 더 적극적인 방어메커니즘이며, 무의식적인 생각, 소원, 충동이 너무나도 받아들여질 수 없는 것일 경우에 이와는 정반대 방향의 것을 강조함으로써 그런 무의식적인 것들이 의식되지 않게 하는 과정. 예를 들면 가장 가학적인 성격의 사람이 생체해부 반대론자가 되는 경우를 들 수 있다. 이것은 또 가슴 깊이 잠겨있는 두려움이 의식되는 것을 피하기 위해서 두려움의 대상이 되는 행동에 골몰하는 경우도 포함이 된다. 예를 들면, 남자에게 상처받지 않을까 하는 두려움에 가득 찬 소녀가 이 같은 두려움을 부정하려는 수단으로 난잡한 성행위에 골몰하는 경우가 있다. 또 전처의 자녀를 미워하는 계모가 오히려 지나칠 정도로 그 아이를 귀여워하는 일 따위이다. |
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| GVHR, GvHR | graft-versus-host reaction |
|---|---|
| GVHD | Graft-Versus-Host Disease; 식대주 질환 |
| GVH, GvH | graft-versus-host |
| GVHD, GvHD | graft-versus-host disease |
| G vs HD | graft versus host disease |
| GvHR | Graft v Host Reaction |
|---|---|
| GVH | Graft versus host reaction |
| GVHR | Graft versus host reaction |
| AGVHD | Acute graft-versus-host disease |
| aGVHD | Acute graft-vs.-host disease |
autodermic graft
| host vs graft reaction | The immune responses of a host to a graft. A specific response is graft rejection. (12 Dec 1998) |
|---|
| graft-versus-host reaction | <haematology> A common and serious, complication of bone marrow transplantation where there is a reaction of donated bone marrow against a patient's own tissue. When donor lymphocytes or a graft containing lymphocytes that are immunologically competent are given to a patient that has low immunological competence, an incompatibility reaction can result. This is due to antibodies from the donor against antigens in the host. This is due to mismatch of MHC Class I antigens and can produce lymphocyte clones that will react by a variety of processes against the host and cause damage. The clinical condition can be fatal and is due to the donor's immune cells recognising the host cells as foreign. The clinical entity characterised by anorexia, diarrhoea, loss of hair, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, growth retardation, and eventual death brought about by the graft-versus-host reaction. It can occur in either chronic or acute forms and is treatable by immunosuppressive drugs. Seen most commonly following bone marrow transplantation, acute disease is seen after 5-40 days and chronic disease weeks to months after transplantation, affecting, principally, the gastrointestinal tract, liver, and skin. Radiological appearances of the gastrointestinal tract include; thickened wall, mucosal folds thickened or effaced, increased secretions most likely to be rapid transit of GI tract, mass most likely to be focal oedema, fibrosis, hallmark: diffuse, uniform thickening of small bowel. Synonym: GVH disease. Acronym: GVHD (20 Sep 2002) |
|---|---|
| cutaneous graft versus host reaction | An acute erythematous maculopapular reaction with bulla formation in the most severe cases; chronic changes may resemble lichen planus or scleroderma. (05 Mar 2000) |
| host versus graft reaction | The normal lymphocyte mediated reactions of a host against allogeneic or xenogeneic cells acquired as a graft or otherwise, which lead to damage or/and destruction of the grafted cells. The opposite of graft-versus-host reaction. The common basis of graft rejection. (18 Nov 1997) |
| graft-versus-host disease | <haematology> A common and serious, complication of bone marrow transplantation where there is a reaction of donated bone marrow against a patient's own tissue. When donor lymphocytes or a graft containing lymphocytes that are immunologically competent are given to a patient that has low immunological competence, an incompatibility reaction can result. This is due to antibodies from the donor against antigens in the host. This is due to mismatch of MHC Class I antigens and can produce lymphocyte clones that will react by a variety of processes against the host and cause damage. The clinical condition can be fatal and is due to the donor's immune cells recognising the host cells as foreign. The clinical entity characterised by anorexia, diarrhoea, loss of hair, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, growth retardation, and eventual death brought about by the graft-versus-host reaction. It can occur in either chronic or acute forms and is treatable by immunosuppressive drugs. Seen most commonly following bone marrow transplantation, acute disease is seen after 5-40 days and chronic disease weeks to months after transplantation, affecting, principally, the gastrointestinal tract, liver, and skin. Radiological appearances of the gastrointestinal tract include; thickened wall, mucosal folds thickened or effaced, increased secretions most likely to be rapid transit of GI tract, mass most likely to be focal oedema, fibrosis, hallmark: diffuse, uniform thickening of small bowel. Synonym: GVH disease. Acronym: GVHD (20 Sep 2002) |
| graft-versus-host response | <haematology> A common and serious, complication of bone marrow transplantation where there is a reaction of donated bone marrow against a patient's own tissue. When donor lymphocytes or a graft containing lymphocytes that are immunologically competent are given to a patient that has low immunological competence, an incompatibility reaction can result. This is due to antibodies from the donor against antigens in the host. This is due to mismatch of MHC Class I antigens and can produce lymphocyte clones that will react by a variety of processes against the host and cause damage. The clinical condition can be fatal and is due to the donor's immune cells recognising the host cells as foreign. The clinical entity characterised by anorexia, diarrhoea, loss of hair, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, growth retardation, and eventual death brought about by the graft-versus-host reaction. It can occur in either chronic or acute forms and is treatable by immunosuppressive drugs. Seen most commonly following bone marrow transplantation, acute disease is seen after 5-40 days and chronic disease weeks to months after transplantation, affecting, principally, the gastrointestinal tract, liver, and skin. Radiological appearances of the gastrointestinal tract include; thickened wall, mucosal folds thickened or effaced, increased secretions most likely to be rapid transit of GI tract, mass most likely to be focal oedema, fibrosis, hallmark: diffuse, uniform thickening of small bowel. Synonym: GVH disease. Acronym: GVHD (20 Sep 2002) |
| disease, graft-versus-host | A reaction of donated bone marrow against a patient's own tissue. Also called GVHD. (12 Dec 1998) |
| accidental host | One that harbors an organism which usually does not infect it. (05 Mar 2000) |
| amplifier host | A host in which infectious agents multiply rapidly to high levels, providing an important source of infection for vectors in vector-borne diseases. (05 Mar 2000) |
| parasite-host ecosystem | Complex of all parasite species and individuals associated with a specific host. Synonym: parasite-host ecosystem. Origin: parasite + G. Koinos, common, together (05 Mar 2000) |
| paratenic host | An intermediate host in which no development of the parasite occurs, although its presence may be required as an essential link in the completion of the parasite's life cycle; e.g., the successive fish host's that carry the plerocercoid of Diphyllobothrium latum, the broad fish tapeworm, to larger food fish eventually eaten by man or other final host's. Synonym: transport host. (05 Mar 2000) |
| reservoir host | The host of an infection in which the infectious agent multiplies and/or develops, and upon which the agent is dependent for survival in nature; the host essential for the maintenance of the infection during times when active transmission is not occurring. (05 Mar 2000) |
| secondary host | <epidemiology> See vector. (05 Dec 1998) |
| host | An organism that is infected with or is fed upon by a parasitic or pathogenic organism (for example, a virus, nematode, fungus). The term can also be applied, loosely, to a plant supporting an epiphyte. (09 Oct 1997) |
| host cell | A cell which has been infected by a virus is known as the host cell of that virus. A cell which is used in lab techniques such as DNA cloning to receive, maintain, and allow the reproduction of recombinant DNA cloning vectors. The DNA introduced with the vector is replicated whenever the cell divides and the recombinant proteins encoded for by the plasmid are reproduced in large quantities. (13 Nov 1997) |
| host-parasite relations | The interactions between two organisms, one of which lives at the expense of the other. (12 Dec 1998) |
Synonyms :
제품명 |
판매사 |
보험코드 | 성분/함량 | 구분/보험급여 |
|---|
제품명 |
판매사 |
보험코드 | 성분/함량 | 구분/보험급여 |
|---|