| 영문 | host | 한글 | 숙주 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 다른 생물(기생체)을 기생시켜, 영양을 공급하는 동물 또는 식물. 마지막의 수주를 종숙주, 발육의 도중에 기생하는 숙주를 중간 숙주라고 한다. 기생동물 중에는 숙주가 특정한 종일 때도 있고 또 많은 기생충과 같이그 발생단계에 따라 많은 종류의 숙주를 필요로 하는 것도 있다. 이 경우 애벌레가 기생하는 숙주를 중간숙주, 성체가 기생하는 숙주를 최종숙주라고 한다. 간질인 경우에는 물고동이 중간숙주이고, 소-양 등은 최종숙주가 된다. 기생식물에는 겨우살이와 같이 졸참나무 등을 숙주로 하여 스스로 광합성을 하면서도 숙주에게서 영양을 얻는 것과, 야고와 같이 생강 등의 뿌리를 숙주로 하여 숙주에게서만 영양을 의존하는 것이 있다. 기생생물에는 이 밖에도 생물의 사체나 그 분해중에 있는 것, 배출물 등을 숙주로 하는 것도 있다. |
||
| 영문 | graft versus host reaction | 한글 | 이식편대 숙주반응 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 면역이란 자신의 것과 자신의 것이 아닌 것을 구분해서 자신의 것이 아닌 것을 공격하여 생물학적 활성을 없애거나 제거하는 것이다. 이 면역은 주로 혈액에 있는 세포에 의해서 이루어진다. 특히 림프구는 이 면역에 중추적인 역할을 하는 세포이다. 이식편대숙주반응이라는 것은 이식되어온 조직에 존재하는 타인의 혈구들이 숙주의 세포를 공격하는 것을 말한다. 즉 이식되어온 조직과 함께 들어온 혈구들이 이식을 받은 사람의 세포를 타인의 것으로 인지해서 공격하는 현상이다. 이것은 이식을 받은 사람의 면역상태가 정상적일 경우에는 일어나지 않는데 왜냐하면 면역상태가 정상일 경우에는 이식되어온 장기와 더불어 들어온 타인의 혈구들을 이식을 받은 사람의 혈구가 타인의 것으로 인지해서 공격을 하고 숫적으로 유리하여 모두 죽일 수가 있기 때문이다. |
||
| HOST | hypo-osmotic shock treatment |
|---|
| GVHD | Graft-Versus-Host Disease; 식대주 질환 |
|---|---|
| GVH, GvH | graft-versus-host |
| GVHD, GvHD | graft-versus-host disease |
| GVHR, GvHR | graft-versus-host reaction |
| G vs HD | graft versus host disease |
| HOST | Hypo-osmotic swelling test |
|---|
| AGVHD | Acute graft-versus-host disease |
|---|---|
| aGVHD | Acute graft-vs.-host disease |
| cGVHD | Chronic graft versus host disease |
| cGVHD | Chronic graft-vs.-host disease |
| GVHD | Graft Versus Host Disease |
| host | An organism that is infected with or is fed upon by a parasitic or pathogenic organism (for example, a virus, nematode, fungus). The term can also be applied, loosely, to a plant supporting an epiphyte. (09 Oct 1997) |
|---|---|
| host cell | A cell which has been infected by a virus is known as the host cell of that virus. A cell which is used in lab techniques such as DNA cloning to receive, maintain, and allow the reproduction of recombinant DNA cloning vectors. The DNA introduced with the vector is replicated whenever the cell divides and the recombinant proteins encoded for by the plasmid are reproduced in large quantities. (13 Nov 1997) |
| host range | The range of host species or cell types which a particular virus, bacteria, or parasite is able to infect or parasitise. (09 Oct 1997) |
| host range mutant | A mutant of phage or animal virus that grows normally in one of its host cells, but has lost the ability to grow in cells of a second host type. (18 Nov 1997) |
| host restriction-modification | A bacterial system where the bacterium is able to destroy invading DNA from a bacteriophage (virus which infects bacteria) while at the same time preventing the destruction of their own DNA. The phage DNA is cleaved by a restriction enzyme made by the bacterium, the bacterial DNA is modified (usually with methylation) so that the enzyme will not destroy it. (09 Oct 1997) |
| host versus graft reaction | The normal lymphocyte mediated reactions of a host against allogeneic or xenogeneic cells acquired as a graft or otherwise, which lead to damage or/and destruction of the grafted cells. The opposite of graft-versus-host reaction. The common basis of graft rejection. (18 Nov 1997) |
| host vs graft reaction | The immune responses of a host to a graft. A specific response is graft rejection. (12 Dec 1998) |
| host-parasite relations | The interactions between two organisms, one of which lives at the expense of the other. (12 Dec 1998) |
| host-vector system | A combination of a bacterial host cell (i.e. A specific strain) and a virus vector (i.e. A particular bacteriophage strain) which work well together for DNA cloning. (09 Oct 1997) |
| hostel | 1. An inn. "So pass I hostel, hall, and grange." (Tennyson) 2. A small, unendowed college in Oxford or Cambridge. Origin: OE. Hostel, ostel, OF. Hostel, ostel, LL. Hospitale, hospitalis, fr. L. Hospitalis. See Hospital, and cf. Hotel. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| hosteler | 1. The keeper of a hostel or inn. 2. A student in a hostel, or small unendowed collede in Oxford or Cambridge. See: Hostel, and cf. Hostler. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| hostelry | An inn; a lodging house. "Homely brought up in a rude hostelry." . "Come with me to the hostelry." (Longfellow) Origin: OE. Hostelrie, hostelrye, ostelrie, OF. Hostelerie, fr. Hostel. See Hostel. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| hostess | 1. A female host; a woman who hospitably entertains guests at her house. 2. A woman who entertains guests for compensation; a female innkeeper. Origin: OE. Hostesse, ostesse. See Host a landlord. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| hostess-ship | The character, personality, or office of a hostess. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| hostile | Belonging or appropriate to an enemy; showing the disposition of an enemy; showing ill will and malevolence, or a desire to thwart and injure; occupied by an enemy or enemies; inimical; unfriendly; as, a hostile force; hostile intentions; a hostile country; hostile to a sudden change. Synonym: Warlike, inimical, unfriendly, antagonistic, opposed, adverse, opposite, contrary, repugnant. Origin: L. Hostilis, from hostis enemy: cf. F. Hostile. See Host an army. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| accidental host | One that harbors an organism which usually does not infect it. (05 Mar 2000) |
|---|---|
| amplifier host | A host in which infectious agents multiply rapidly to high levels, providing an important source of infection for vectors in vector-borne diseases. (05 Mar 2000) |
| parasite-host ecosystem | Complex of all parasite species and individuals associated with a specific host. Synonym: parasite-host ecosystem. Origin: parasite + G. Koinos, common, together (05 Mar 2000) |
| paratenic host | An intermediate host in which no development of the parasite occurs, although its presence may be required as an essential link in the completion of the parasite's life cycle; e.g., the successive fish host's that carry the plerocercoid of Diphyllobothrium latum, the broad fish tapeworm, to larger food fish eventually eaten by man or other final host's. Synonym: transport host. (05 Mar 2000) |
| reservoir host | The host of an infection in which the infectious agent multiplies and/or develops, and upon which the agent is dependent for survival in nature; the host essential for the maintenance of the infection during times when active transmission is not occurring. (05 Mar 2000) |
| graft-versus-host disease | <haematology> A common and serious, complication of bone marrow transplantation where there is a reaction of donated bone marrow against a patient's own tissue. When donor lymphocytes or a graft containing lymphocytes that are immunologically competent are given to a patient that has low immunological competence, an incompatibility reaction can result. This is due to antibodies from the donor against antigens in the host. This is due to mismatch of MHC Class I antigens and can produce lymphocyte clones that will react by a variety of processes against the host and cause damage. The clinical condition can be fatal and is due to the donor's immune cells recognising the host cells as foreign. The clinical entity characterised by anorexia, diarrhoea, loss of hair, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, growth retardation, and eventual death brought about by the graft-versus-host reaction. It can occur in either chronic or acute forms and is treatable by immunosuppressive drugs. Seen most commonly following bone marrow transplantation, acute disease is seen after 5-40 days and chronic disease weeks to months after transplantation, affecting, principally, the gastrointestinal tract, liver, and skin. Radiological appearances of the gastrointestinal tract include; thickened wall, mucosal folds thickened or effaced, increased secretions most likely to be rapid transit of GI tract, mass most likely to be focal oedema, fibrosis, hallmark: diffuse, uniform thickening of small bowel. Synonym: GVH disease. Acronym: GVHD (20 Sep 2002) |
| graft-versus-host reaction | <haematology> A common and serious, complication of bone marrow transplantation where there is a reaction of donated bone marrow against a patient's own tissue. When donor lymphocytes or a graft containing lymphocytes that are immunologically competent are given to a patient that has low immunological competence, an incompatibility reaction can result. This is due to antibodies from the donor against antigens in the host. This is due to mismatch of MHC Class I antigens and can produce lymphocyte clones that will react by a variety of processes against the host and cause damage. The clinical condition can be fatal and is due to the donor's immune cells recognising the host cells as foreign. The clinical entity characterised by anorexia, diarrhoea, loss of hair, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, growth retardation, and eventual death brought about by the graft-versus-host reaction. It can occur in either chronic or acute forms and is treatable by immunosuppressive drugs. Seen most commonly following bone marrow transplantation, acute disease is seen after 5-40 days and chronic disease weeks to months after transplantation, affecting, principally, the gastrointestinal tract, liver, and skin. Radiological appearances of the gastrointestinal tract include; thickened wall, mucosal folds thickened or effaced, increased secretions most likely to be rapid transit of GI tract, mass most likely to be focal oedema, fibrosis, hallmark: diffuse, uniform thickening of small bowel. Synonym: GVH disease. Acronym: GVHD (20 Sep 2002) |
| graft-versus-host response | <haematology> A common and serious, complication of bone marrow transplantation where there is a reaction of donated bone marrow against a patient's own tissue. When donor lymphocytes or a graft containing lymphocytes that are immunologically competent are given to a patient that has low immunological competence, an incompatibility reaction can result. This is due to antibodies from the donor against antigens in the host. This is due to mismatch of MHC Class I antigens and can produce lymphocyte clones that will react by a variety of processes against the host and cause damage. The clinical condition can be fatal and is due to the donor's immune cells recognising the host cells as foreign. The clinical entity characterised by anorexia, diarrhoea, loss of hair, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, growth retardation, and eventual death brought about by the graft-versus-host reaction. It can occur in either chronic or acute forms and is treatable by immunosuppressive drugs. Seen most commonly following bone marrow transplantation, acute disease is seen after 5-40 days and chronic disease weeks to months after transplantation, affecting, principally, the gastrointestinal tract, liver, and skin. Radiological appearances of the gastrointestinal tract include; thickened wall, mucosal folds thickened or effaced, increased secretions most likely to be rapid transit of GI tract, mass most likely to be focal oedema, fibrosis, hallmark: diffuse, uniform thickening of small bowel. Synonym: GVH disease. Acronym: GVHD (20 Sep 2002) |
| cutaneous graft versus host reaction | An acute erythematous maculopapular reaction with bulla formation in the most severe cases; chronic changes may resemble lichen planus or scleroderma. (05 Mar 2000) |
| secondary host | <epidemiology> See vector. (05 Dec 1998) |
| dead-end host | A host from which infectious agents are not transmitted to other susceptible host's. (05 Mar 2000) |
| definitive host | <epidemiology> The host in which a parasite reproduces sexually. (05 Dec 1998) |
| disease, graft-versus-host | A reaction of donated bone marrow against a patient's own tissue. Also called GVHD. (12 Dec 1998) |
| immunocompromised host | A human or animal whose immunologic mechanism is deficient because of an immunodeficiency disorder or other disease or as the result of the administration of immunosuppressive drugs or radiation. (12 Dec 1998) |
| intermediate host | <epidemiology> See vector. (05 Dec 1998) |
Synonyms : C1 Host Cell Factor, Cell Proliferation Factor HCF
Synonyms : Host Factor 1, Host Factor Q, hfq Gene Product
Synonyms :
Synonyms : Host-Parasite Relationship, Host Parasite Relations, Host Parasite Relationship, Host-Parasite Relation, Host-Parasite Relationships, Parasite Host Relations, Parasite-Host Relation, Relation, Host-Parasite, Relation, Parasite-Host, Relations, Host-Parasite
Synonyms :
제품명 |
판매사 |
보험코드 | 성분/함량 | 구분/보험급여 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
호스타실린주400만단위 - 새창
|
한독약품 |
A07400031 | Penicillin G potassium, Procaine penicillin G | 전문의약품 | 삭제 |
| host |
a person who invites guests to a social event (such as a party in his or her own home) and who is responsible for them while they are there horde: a vast multitude an animal or plant that nourishes and supports a parasite; it does not benefit and is often harmed by the association master of ceremonies: a person who acts as host at formal occasions (makes an introductory speech and introduces other speakers) archaic terms for army any organization that provides resources and facilities for a function or event; "Atlanta was chosen to be host for the Olympic Games" (medicine) recipient of transplanted tissue or organ from a donor the owner or manager of an inn a technical name for the bread used in the service of Mass or Holy Communion be the host of or for; "We hosted 4 couples last night" server: (computer science) a computer that provides client stations with access to files and printers as shared resources to a computer network
출처: wordnet.princeton.edu/perl/webwn
|
|---|---|
| hostility |
a hostile (very unfriendly) disposition; "he could not conceal his hostility" a state of deep-seated ill-will the feeling of a hostile person; "he could no longer contain his hostility" aggression: violent action that is hostile and usually unprovoked
출처: wordnet.princeton.edu/perl/webwn
|
| host |
A plant or animal harboring another organism.
출처: www.amfar.org/cgi-bin/iowa/bridge.html
|
| host |
1. In genetics, the organism, typically a bacterium, into which a gene from another organism is transplanted. 2. In medicine, an animal infected or parasitized by another organism.
출처: www.epa.gov/OCEPAterms/hterms.html
|
| host |
A computer acting as an information or communications server.
출처: www-personal.umich.edu/~zoe/Glossary.html
|
| host | an animal or plant that nourishes and supports a parasite |
|---|---|
| host | (computer science) a computer that provides client stations with access to files and printers as shared resources to a computer network |
| host | a vast multitude |
| host | archaic terms for army |
| host | any organization that provides resources and facilities for a function or event |
| host | the owner or manager of an inn |
| host | a person who invites guests to a social event (such as a party in his or her own home) and who is responsible for them while they are there |
| host | (medicine) recipient of transplanted tissue or organ from a donor |
| host | a person who acts as host at formal occasions (makes an introductory speech and introduces other speakers) |
| host | be the host of or for |
| host | a technical name for the bread used in the service of Mass or Holy Communion |
| host | robust east Asian clump-forming perennial herbs having racemose flowers: plantain lilies |
제품명 |
판매사 |
보험코드 | 성분/함량 | 구분/보험급여 |
|---|
