| 영문 | hepatitis | 한글 | 간염 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 간에 생기는 염증을 통틀어 이르는 말. 발열-황달-전신권태-소화 장애의 증상을 보이는데, 주된 원인은 음식물과 혈액을 통한 바이러스 감염이며 그 밖에 약물, 알코올, 알레르기 등이 원인인 것도 있다. 이 간염은 그 지속기간에 따라서 급성간염과 만성간염으로 나누는데, 만성간염은 6개월 이상 간염이 지속되는 경우를 말하고 급성간염은 6개월 이상 지속하지 못하는 경우를 말한다. 급성간염은 막연한 명칭으로서, 간의 급성-실질성 상해의 거의 전부를 포괄하는 넓은 개념이지만, 실제는 바이러스의 감염으로 생기는 간염이 대부분이다. 바이러스성 간염은 유행선간염(A형)과 혈청간염(B형)의 두 종류가 있는데, 이들은 모두 전염성 질환이지만 감염 경로는 다르다. 감염 경로로 유행선간염바이러스는 혈액-샘창자액-대변 중에서 증명되므로 전염된 물-음식을 통하여 경구감염되거나 환자와의 직접 접촉에 의해서 감염된다. 혈청간염은 오로지 비경구적 감염으로 환자의 혈청, 혈액의 주사, 환자의 혈액에 감염된 주사기 등으로 감염된다. 잠복기는 유행성간염이 2~6주간이고, 혈청 간염은 6주~6개월 가량 된다. 혈청간염은 유행의 계절-연령과는 관계가 없으나, 유행성간염은 주로 가을에서 겨울에 걸쳐 많고 청소년에 많다. 증세는 발병하기 1주일 전부터 온몸이 노곤하고 식욕이 떨어지며 두통이 있고 상복부에 불쾌감이 생기는데, 유행성간염에서는 황달이 나타나기 전에 발열(38℃ 전후)이 있을 때가 많고 수일 후에 해열된다. 또, 관절-허리가 아플 때도 있어 처음에는 감기로 오인할 때가 많다. 혈청간염은 이러한 초기 증세가 가볍고 서서히 발병하는 것이 많다. 주증세는 위장증세와 황달이며, 식욕부진-구토-구역질, 상복부의 둔통 등이 일어나며, 발병 후 4~5일에 황달이 나타난다. 황달은 1주일을 전후하여 최고에 이르며, 그 후 1개월 사이에 없어지면서 다른 증세도 좋아진다. 경과는 급성간염은 약 70%가 대개 1~3개월 이내에 치유되지만 빨리 치료되지 않는 것 중 15%가 만성간염으로 이행하며, 그 일부는 간경화증으로 이행한다. 급성간염 중에는 때로는 10일 이내에 사망하는 전격성간염이라고 하는 것도 있다. 병의 전체 경과 중 황달이 나타나지 않는 무황달성 간염이라고 하는 것도 있어. 만성간염으로 이행하는 것에는 이 무황달성이 많은 경향이 있다. 혈청간염도 만성화하기 쉽다. |
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| 영문 | acute hepatitis | 한글 | 급성간염 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 바이러스에 의해 간에 생기는 급성염증. 급성간염이란 간염바이러스(A형-B형-비A비B형)에 의해서 간에 생기는 급성염증을 병명으로 이르는 말로, 이는 그 감염양식에 수혈 후에 발생하는 수혈후 간염과, 감염경로를 알 수 없는 산발성간염 및 집단으로 발생하는 유행선간염의 세가지 유형으로 나눌 수 있다. 수혈후 간염은 그 95%가 비A비B형간염이며 나머지가 B형 간염이다. 산발성 간염은 A형 간염과 B형 간염이 각각 30%를 이루고 나머지 40%는 비A비B간염이다. 집단으로 발생하는 유행성간염은 거의가 A형간염이지만 때로는 여기에 포함되지 않은 형의 간염일 경우도 있다. 급성간염의 증세는 먼저 몸이 나른해지고 온몸에 권태감이 찾아오며 조그마한 일에도 곧 피로를 느끼게 된다. 그리고 식욕부진-발열-구토증-복통-설사 등, 감기나 급성위장염에 걸렸을 때와 같은 증세 등이 나타난다. 뒤이어 황달증세를 보이는데, 이때는 초기의 증세가 약간 가벼워진 것처럼 느껴지는 것이 보통이다. 그러나 황달증세가 심해지고 초기의 증세들이 다시 진행되면 이때는 전격성간염이 될 위험이 있다. 간염 증세가 심하지 않았을 경우는 황달이 눈에 띄지 않은 경우도 있는데 이때는 진찰을 해도 감기나 급성위창자염으로 자칫 오진되기 쉽다. 또 A형간염은 열이 38~39℃까지 오르고 증세가 갑자기 나타나는 것이 특징이며 급성비A비B형간염은 증세가 비교적 가벼운 것이 특징이다. 급성B형간염의 증세는 A형간염과 급성비A비B형간염의 중간 정도인 것이 보통이다. |
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| 영문 | chronic active hepatitis | 한글 | 만성활동간염 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | B형 간염이나 비A형－비B형 간염의 속발증으로 나타나는 간의 만성염증이다. 같은 형태의 병이 선천성 또는 후천감마글로불린결핍증이나 어떤 종류의 약물 투여에 수반해서 나타날 수도 있다. 특징적으로 문맥부에 형질세포와 큰포식세포의 침윤, 조각괴사(간소엽 주변부 간세포의 파괴) 및 섬유증 등의 조직소견을 나타낸다. 병의 경과는 매우 다양하며 장기간의 무증상기를 보일 수도 있고 그 사이 사이에 황달, 전신쇠약, 식욕부진 및 발열 등의 증상이 나타나는 수가 있으며, 또 무월경증, 관절염, 피부발진, 혈관염, 갑상샘염, 콩팥사구체염, 궤양성대장염, 쉐그렌증후군 등 간 이외의 증상이 나타나는 수도 있고, 간경화증과 간기능상실로 진행되는 수도 있다. 자가면역메커니즘이 관여되는 것으로 추측되고 있다. |
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| 영문 | fulminant hepatitis | 한글 | 전격간염 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 바이러스 간염의 한 형으로 급성 황색위축증이라고도 부른다. 간세포의 대부분이 괴사상태로 되며 환자는 보통 사망한다. 황달이 나타나기 전부터 이미 증상은 현저히 진행하여 황달의 출현도 빠르고, 급성 발열을 수반하며 점막이나 피하출혈을 볼 수 있다. 간의 압통을 수반하는 수도 있다. 위축에 의하여 간은 자주 작아진다. 최후에는 의식장애를 초래하여 졸음이 오고 혼미상태로 되며 간성혼수로 진행하여 사망하게 된다. 증상이 시작되어 2~3주 내에 간뇌병증까지 진행하는 간기능 상실을 전격성 간기능상실이라고 부르며, 진행 속도가 빠르지 않아서 3개월에 이르러 간기능상실에 빠지는 것은 아급성 간기능상실이라고 부른다. 모든 간염 바이러스가 모두 일으키지는 않는다. 간염A바이러스와 간염E바이러스는 보유자 상태나 만성 간염을 거의 일으키지 않는다. 기타 다른 감염 또는 비감염성 원인, 특히 약물과 독소도 본질적으로 동일한 증후를 일으킬 수 있다. 그러므로 바이러스성 간염의 진단과 각 간염 바이러스를 구별하는데는 혈청학적 검사가 필수적이다. |
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| AH | abdominal hysterectomy; absorptive hypercalciuria; accidental hypothermia; acetohexamide; acid hydro... |
|---|---|
| CAH | chronic active hepatitis; chronic aggressive hepatitis; combined atrial hypertrophy; congenital adre... |
| HA | H antigen; Hakim-Adams [syndrome]; halothane anesthesia; Hartley [guinea pig]; headache; health alli... |
| HBV | hepatitis B vaccine; hepatitis B virus |
| HDV | hepatitis D virus; hepatitis delta virus |
| AIH | 1)autoimmune hepatitis |
|---|---|
| AAH | Acute alcoholic hepatitis |
| AH | Acute hepatitis |
| AH | Alcoholic hepatitis |
| HAV | Anti-Hepatitis A virus |
| hepatitis B | <virology> A form of viral hepatitis, known as serum hepatitis, because it is commonly spread through contact with infected blood products (transfusion). May also be spread sexually or from mother to infant. Hepatitis B can cause a much more severe infection than hepatitis A and can occur as an asymptomatic carrier state, a chronic infection or as cirrhosis of the liver. Those at risk (IV drug abusers, health care workers, dialysis patients, transfusion recipients, homosexuals) should be immunised with hepatitis B vaccine. The virus is 42nm diameter, with an outer sheath enclosing inner 27nm core particle containing the circular viral DNA. Aggregates of the envelope proteins are found in plasma and are referred to as hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg, previously called Australia antigen). The virus can persist for long periods (and in asymptomatic carriers), association of integrated virus with hepatocellular carcinoma is now well established. (27 Sep 1997) |
|---|---|
| hepatitis B antibodies | <immunology> Antibodies to the hepatitis b antigens, including antibodies to the surface (Australia) and core of the dane particle and those to the "e" antigens. (12 Dec 1998) |
| hepatitis B antigen | Antigens of the virion of the hepatitis b virus or the dane particle, its surface, core and other associated antigens, like the hbe antigen. (12 Dec 1998) |
| hepatitis B core antigen | <virology> (HBcAb, HBcAg), the antigen found in the core of the Dane particle (which is the complete virus) and also in hepatocyte nuclei in hepatitis B infections. (05 Mar 2000) |
| hepatitis B e antigen | (HBeAb, HBe, HBeAg), an antigen, or group of antigen's, associated with hepatitis B infection and distinct from the surface antigen (HBsAg) and the core antigen (HBcAg); it is associated with the viral nucleocapsid. Its presence indicates that the virus is replicating and the individual is potentially infectious. (05 Mar 2000) |
| hepatitis b e antigens | A closely related group of antigens found in the plasma only during the infective phase of hepatitis b or in virulent chronic hepatitis b, probably indicating active virus replication; there are three subtypes which may exist in a complex with immunoglobulins g. (12 Dec 1998) |
| hepatitis b immunization | Hepatits B (hep B) vaccine gives prolonged protection, but 3 shots over a half year are usually required. In the u.s., all infants receive hep b vaccine. Two vaccines (engerix-b, and recombivax-hb) are available in the us. The first dose of hep b vaccine is frequently given while the newborn is in the hospital or at the first doctor visit following birth. The second dose is given about 30 days after the initial dose. A booster dose is performed approximately six months later. Babies born to mothers testing positive for hep b receive, in addition, hbig (hep b immune globulin) for prompt protection. Older children (11-12 years) are advised to receive a hep b booster as are adults in high-risk situations including healthcare workers, dentists, intimate and household contacts of patients with chronic hep b infection, male homosexuals, individuals with multiple sexual partners, dialysis patients, iv drug users, and recipients of repeated transfusions. Healthcare workers accidentally exposed to materials infected with hep b (such as needle sticks), and individuals with known sexual contact with hep b patients are usually given both hbig and vaccine to provide immediate and long term protection. (12 Dec 1998) |
| hepatitis B surface antigen | <virology> A serologic marker on the surface of the hepatitis B virus. The body will normally produce antibodies to hepatitis B surface antigen as part of the normal immune response to infection. It is the presence of antibodies to the hepatitis B surface antigen that are detected in a positive hepatitis B blood test. (27 Sep 1997) |
| hepatitis b surface antigens | Those hepatitis b antigens found on the surface of the dane particle and on the 20 nm spherical and tubular particles. Several subspecificities of the surface antigen are known. These were formerly called the Australia antigen. (12 Dec 1998) |
| hepatitis B vaccine | <virology> An injectable vaccine, given in three boosters, which offers protection from infection with hepatitis B. (27 Sep 1997) |
| hepatitis b vaccines | Vaccines or candidate vaccines containing inactivated hepatitis b or some of its component antigens and designed to prevent hepatitis b. Some vaccines may be recombinantly produced. (12 Dec 1998) |
| hepatitis b virus | The type species of the genus orthohepadnavirus which causes human hepatitis b and is also apparently a causal agent in human hepatocellular carcinoma. The dane particle is an intact hepatitis virion, named after its discoverer. Non-infectious spherical and tubular particles are also seen in the serum. (12 Dec 1998) |
| hepatitis b virus, duck | A DNA virus that closely resembles human hepatitis b virus. It has been recovered from naturally infected ducks. (12 Dec 1998) |
| hepatitis b virus, woodchuck | An orthohepadnavirus causing chronic liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma in woodchucks. It closely resembles the human hepatitis b virus. (12 Dec 1998) |
| hepatitis b, chronic | An inflammatory disease of the liver caused by hepatitis b virus and lasting six months or more. (12 Dec 1998) |
| acute parenchymatous hepatitis | A lesion in which there is extensive and rapid death of parenchymal cells of the liver, sometimes with fatty degeneration of the size of the organ; the necrosis may result from fulminant viral infection or chemical poisoning; associated with jaundice. Synonym: acute parenchymatous hepatitis, Rokitansky's disease. (05 Mar 2000) |
|---|---|
| anicteric hepatitis | Hepatitis without jaundice. (05 Mar 2000) |
| anicteric virus hepatitis | A relatively mild hepatitis, without jaundice, due to a virus; the principal physical signs and symptoms are enlargement of the liver, lymph nodes, and often the spleen, together with headache, continuous fatigue, nausea, anorexia, sudden distaste for smoking, abdominal pains, and sometimes mild fever; labratory tests reveal evidence of hepatitis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| autoimmune hepatitis | <pathology> A type of chronic active hepatitis that results from circulating auto-antibodies and chronic inflammation of the liver. Symptoms are those of chronic active hepatitis. (27 Sep 1997) |
| vaccination, hepatitis a | When immediate protection against hepatitis a (infectious hepatitis) is needed, immunoglobulins are used. Protection is effective only if given within 2 weeks of exposure and lasts but 2-4 months. Immunoglobulins can be used to protect household contacts of someone with acute viral hepatitis and travelers to regions with poor sanitation and high hepatitis a rates, when the traveler has to depart sooner than the vaccines can take effect (about 2 weeks). Travelers can receive the immunoglobulin and vaccine simultaneously and be protected immediately and for longer term. When immediate protection is not needed, hepatitis a vaccines are considered for individuals in high-risk settings, including frequent world travelers, sexually active individuals with multiple partners, homosexual men, individuals using illicit drugs, employees of daycare centres, and certain health care workers, and sewage workers. Two hepatitis a vaccines called havrix and vaqta are commercially available in the u.s. Both are highly effective and provide protection even after only one dose. Two doses are recommended for adults and 3 doses for children (under 18 years of age) to provide prolonged protection. (12 Dec 1998) |
| vaccination, hepatitis b | Hepatits B (hep B) vaccine gives prolonged protection, but 3 shots over a half year are usually required. In the u.s., all infants receive hep b vaccine. Two vaccines (engerix-b, and recombivax-hb) are available in the us. The first dose of hep b vaccine is frequently given while the newborn is in the hospital or at the first doctor visit following birth. The second dose is given about 30 days after the initial dose. A booster dose is performed approximately six months later. Babies born to mothers testing positive for hep b receive, in addition, hbig (hep b immune globulin) for prompt protection. Older children (11-12 years) are advised to receive a hep b booster as are adults in high-risk situations including healthcare workers, dentists, intimate and household contacts of patients with chronic hep b infection, male homosexuals, individuals with multiple sexual partners, dialysis patients, iv drug users, and recipients of repeated transfusions. Health care workers accidentally exposed to materials infected with hep b (such as needle sticks), and individuals with known sexual contact with hep b patients are available in the u.s. Both are highly effective and provide protection even after only one dose. Two doses are recommended for adults and 3 doses for children (under 18 years of age) to provide prolonged protection. Vaccination, hepatitis b: hepatits b (hep b) vaccine gives prolonged protection, but 3 shots over a half year are usually required. In the u.s., all infants receive hep b vaccine. Two vaccines (engerix-b, and recombivax-hb) are available in the us. The first dose of hep b vaccine is frequently given while the newborn is in the hospital or at the first doctor visit following birth. The second dose is given about 30 days after the initial dose. A booster dose is performed approximately six months later. Babies born to mothers testing positive for hep b receive, in addition, hbig (hep b immune globulin) for prompt protection. Older children (11-12 years) are advised to receive a hep b booster as are adults in high-risk situations including healthcare workers, dentists, intimate and household contacts of patients with chronic hep b infection, male homosexuals, individuals with multiple sexual partners, dialysis patients, iv drug users, and recipients of repeated transfusions. Health care workers accidentally exposed to materials infected with hep b (such as needle sticks), and individuals with known sexual contact with hep b patients are usually given both hbig and vaccine to provide immediate and long term protection. (12 Dec 1998) |
| vaccination, infectious hepatitis | See Vaccination, hepatitis a. (12 Dec 1998) |
| vaccineation, serum hepatitis | See Vaccination, hepatitis b. (12 Dec 1998) |
| giant cell hepatitis | Hepatitis in the neonatal period presumed to be due to a variety of causes, chiefly viral; characterised by direct and indirect bilirubinaemia, hepatocellular degeneration, and appearance of multinucleated giant cells; may be difficult to distinguish from biliary atresia, but is more likely to end with recovery, although cirrhosis may develop. Synonym: giant cell hepatitis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| viral hepatitis | Liver inflammation caused by viruses. Specific hepatitis viruses have been labelled a, b, c, d, e, f, and g. While other viruses can also cause hepatitis, their primary target is not the liver. (12 Dec 1998) |
| viral hepatitis type A | A virus disease with a short incubation period (usually 15 to 50 days), caused by hepatitis A virus, a member of the family Picornaviridae, often transmitted by faecal-oral route; may be inapparent, mild, severe, or occasionally fatal and occurs sporadically or in epidemics, commonly in school-age children and young adults; necrosis of periportal liver cells with lymphocytic and plasma cell infiltration is characteristic and jaundice is a common symptom. Synonym: epidemic hepatitis, hepatitis A, infectious hepatitis, MS-1 hepatitis, short incubation hepatitis, virus A hepatitis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| viral hepatitis type B | A virus disease with a long incubation period (usually 50 to 160 days), caused by hepatitis B virus, a DNA virus and member of the family Hepadnoviridae, usually transmitted by injection of infected blood or blood derivatives or by use of contaminated needles, lancets, or other instruments; clinically and pathologically similar to viral hepatitis type A, but there is no cross-protective immunity; HBsAg is found in the serum and the hepatitis delta virus occurs in some patients. Synonym: hepatitis B, serum hepatitis, transfusion hepatitis, virus B hepatitis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| viral hepatitis type C | Principal cause of non-A, non-B posttransfusion hepatitis caused by an RNA virus that may be related to Flaviviridae family. Synonym: hepatitis C, virus C hepatitis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| viral hepatitis type D | Acute or chronic hepatitis caused by the hepatitis delta virus, a defective RNA virus requiring HBV for replication. The acute type occurs in two forms: 1) coinfection, the simultaneous occurrence of hepatitis B virus and hepatitis delta virus infections, which usually is self-limiting; 2) superinfection, the appearance of hepatitis delta virus infection in a hepatitis B virus carrier, which often leads to chronic hepatitis The chronic type appears to be more severe than other types of viral hepatitis. Synonym: delta hepatitis, hepatitis D. (05 Mar 2000) |
| viral hepatitis type E | Hepatitis caused by a nonenveloped, single-stranded, positive-sense RNA virus 27-34 nm in diameter, unrelated to other hepatitis; it is the principal cause of enterically transmitted, waterborne, epidemic NANB hepatitis occurring primarily in Asia and Africa. Synonym: hepatitis E. (05 Mar 2000) |
Synonyms :
Synonyms : Anti HBAg, Hepatitis B Virus Antibodies, Anti Australia Antigens, Anti Hepatitis B Antigens, Antibodies, Hepatitis B, Antigens, Anti-Australia, Antigens, Anti-Hepatitis B, B Antibodies, Hepatitis, B Antigens, Anti-Hepatitis, HBAg, Anti
Synonyms : Antigens, Hepatitis B, B Antigens, Hepatitis
Synonyms : Hepatitis B Core Antigen
Synonyms : HBe Ag-1, HBe Ag-2, Hepatitis Be Antigens, Antigens, Hepatitis Be, Antigens, e, Be Antigens, Hepatitis
| hepatitis B |
an acute (sometimes fatal) form of viral hepatitis caused by a DNA virus that tends to persist in the blood serum and is transmitted by sexual contact or by transfusion or by ingestion of contaminated blood or other bodily fluids
출처: wordnet.princeton.edu/perl/webwn
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| hepatitis B |
Type of hepatitis caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV). Transmitted through body fluids.
출처: science.education.nih.gov/supplements/nih1/disease...
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| hepatitis B |
A serious liver infection caused by the hepatitis B virus ?a virus transmitted by exposure to the blood and body fluids of an infected person. Hepatitis B can be prevented with vaccinations.
출처: www.cnn.com/HEALTH/library/DG/00022.html
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| hepatitis B |
A viral hepatitis caused by the Hepatitis B-virus, a Orthohepadnavirus. The transmission route is parenteral. A fulminant course is uncommon, but the infection is often chronic causing liver cirrhosis and an elevated risk of liver cancer. B-hepatitis can be treated by Lamivudin and in some cases by Interferon. The disease can be prevented by vaccination.
출처: www.gastrolab.net/dicteh.htm
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| hepatitis B |
a viral liver disease that may be acute or chronic, and can be life-threatening. Symptoms include fever, malaise, fatigue, jaundice, abdominal tenderness, and elevated liver enzymes. Some individuals are chronic asymptomatic carriers; chronic hepatitis B may result in liver cirrhosis and/or cancer. HBV can be transmitted by sexual contact, shared needles, or contaminated blood products. Interferon alpha is used as a treatment; two three-dose anti-HBV vaccines are available.
출처: www.thebody.com/sfaf/summer01/glossary.html
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| hepatitis B | an acute (sometimes fatal) form of viral hepatitis caused by a DNA virus that tends to persist in the blood serum and is transmitted by sexual contact or by transfusion or by ingestion of contaminated blood or other bodily fluids |
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제품명 |
판매사 |
보험코드 | 성분/함량 | 구분/보험급여 |
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제품명 |
판매사 |
보험코드 | 성분/함량 | 구분/보험급여 |
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