| hamulus pterygoideus | The inferior, hook-shaped extremity of the medial plate of the pterygoid process. Synonym: hamulus pterygoideus, hamular process of sphenoid bone. (05 Mar 2000) |
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| canalis pterygoideus | An opening through the base of the medial pterygoid process of the sphenoid bone through which pass the artery, vein, and nerve of the pterygoid canal. Synonym: canalis pterygoideus, vidian canal. (05 Mar 2000) |
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| plexus pterygoideus | A venous plexus occupying the infratemporal fossa receiving veins accompanying the branches of the maxillary artery, and terminating posteriorly in the maxillary vein; anteriorly the pterygoid plexus drains via the deep facial vein into the facial vein. Synonym: plexus pterygoideus. (05 Mar 2000) |
| musculus pterygoideus externus | <anatomy, muscle> Origin, inferior head from lateral lamina of pterygoid process; superior head from infratemporal crest and adjacent greater wing of the sphenoid; insertion, into pterygoid pit of mandible and articular disk; action, brings jaw forward, opens jaw; nerve supply, nerve to lateral pterygoid from mandibular division of trigeminal. Synonym: musculus pterygoideus lateralis, external pterygoid muscle, musculus pterygoideus externus. (05 Mar 2000) |
| musculus pterygoideus internus | <anatomy, muscle> Origin, pterygoid fossa of sphenoid and tuberosity of maxilla; insertion, medial surface of mandible between angle and mylohyoid groove; action, elevates mandible closing jaw; nerve supply, nerve to medial pterygoid from mandibular division of trigeminal. Synonym: musculus pterygoideus medialis, internal pterygoid muscle, musculus pterygoideus internus. (05 Mar 2000) |
| musculus pterygoideus lateralis | <anatomy, muscle> Origin, inferior head from lateral lamina of pterygoid process; superior head from infratemporal crest and adjacent greater wing of the sphenoid; insertion, into pterygoid pit of mandible and articular disk; action, brings jaw forward, opens jaw; nerve supply, nerve to lateral pterygoid from mandibular division of trigeminal. Synonym: musculus pterygoideus lateralis, external pterygoid muscle, musculus pterygoideus externus. (05 Mar 2000) |
| musculus pterygoideus medialis | <anatomy, muscle> Origin, pterygoid fossa of sphenoid and tuberosity of maxilla; insertion, medial surface of mandible between angle and mylohyoid groove; action, elevates mandible closing jaw; nerve supply, nerve to medial pterygoid from mandibular division of trigeminal. Synonym: musculus pterygoideus medialis, internal pterygoid muscle, musculus pterygoideus internus. (05 Mar 2000) |
| processus pterygoideus | A long process extending downward from the junction of the body and great wing of the sphenoid bone on either side; it is formed of two plates (lateral and medial), united anteriorly but separated below to form the pterygoid notch; the pterygoid fossa is formed by the divergence of these two plates posteriorly. Synonym: processus pterygoideus, os pterygoideum. (05 Mar 2000) |
| nervus pterygoideus | <anatomy, nerve> One of two motor branches, lateral and medial, of the mandibular nerve, supplying the lateral and medial pterygoid muscles with fibres of the motor root of the trigeninal nerve. Synonym: nervus pterygoideus. (05 Mar 2000) |
| groove of pterygoid hamulus | A groove at the base of the hamular process which forms a pulley for the tendon of the tensor veli palatini muscle. Synonym: sulcus hamuli pterygoidei, sulcus of pterygoid hamulus. (05 Mar 2000) |
| hamulus | 1. <anatomy> A hook, or hooklike process. 2. <zoology> A hooked barbicel of a feather. Origin: L. Dim. Of hamus, hook (01 Mar 1998) |
| hamulus cochleae | The upper hooklike termination of the bony spiral lamina at the apex of the cochlea. Synonym: hamulus laminae spiralis, hamulus cochleae, hook of spiral lamina. (05 Mar 2000) |
| hamulus lacrimalis | The hooklike lower end of the lacrimal crest, curving between the frontal process and orbital surface of the maxilla to form the upper aperture of the bony portion of the nasolacrimal canal. Synonym: hamulus lacrimalis, hamular process of lacrimal bone. (05 Mar 2000) |
| hamulus laminae spiralis | The upper hooklike termination of the bony spiral lamina at the apex of the cochlea. Synonym: hamulus laminae spiralis, hamulus cochleae, hook of spiral lamina. (05 Mar 2000) |
| hamulus of spiral lamina | The upper hooklike termination of the bony spiral lamina at the apex of the cochlea. Synonym: hamulus laminae spiralis, hamulus cochleae, hook of spiral lamina. (05 Mar 2000) |
| hamulus ossis hamati | A hooklike process on the distal and medial part of the palmar surface of the hamate bone. Synonym: hamulus ossis hamati. (05 Mar 2000) |
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