| 영문 | Gram stain | 한글 | 그람염색 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 미생물을 염색하는 방법 중의 하나. 1884년 덴마크의 의사 H.C.J. 그람(1853~ 1938)이 고안한 특수 염색법이다. 이 염색법을 사용하면 미생물은 양성균과 음성균의 2무리로 크게 나뉜다. 염색법은 균을 유리면에 바르고 가열 고정한다. 젠시안바이오렛, 크리스탈 바이오렛, 메틸바이오렛 등 파라로즈 아닐린계 색소의 어느 하나를 사용하여 우선 염색하고 이어서 루골액을 작용시킨 뒤, 에탄올 또는 아세톤으로 탈색한다. 이때 탈색되지 않고 보라색을 타나내는 것을 그람양성균이라 부르며, 포도알균-폐렴알균-사슬알균 등이 대표적인 예이다. 탈색되면 그람음성균이라 부르며, 대장균-녹농균 등이 있다. 최후에 사프라닌, 푹신 등 적색계의 색소액으로 후염색을 한다. 미생물의 감별에 중요한 염색법이며 염색성의 차이는 영양요구성, 화학요법제(항생물질 등)에 대한 감수성의 차이와도 관련되는 점이 많으므로 사용약제의 선택시에도 중요한 역할을 한다. 그람양성균과 음성균의 차이는 세균벽의 구조에 있는데, 양성균은 세포막의 바깥쪽 펩티드글리칸이라는 당단백질층의 두께가 20~80nm나 되고, 그램음성균의 펩티드글리칸 층은 2~3nm로 얇고, 다시 바깥쪽에 외막이라 부르는 층이 있다. |
||
| CAM | calf aortic microsome; cell adhesion molecule; cell-associating molecule; chorioallantoic membrane; ... |
|---|---|
| g-mol | gram-molecule |
| AMOG | adhesion molecule on glia |
| ELAM | endothelial leukocyte adhesion molecule |
| Fc' | a fragment of an immunoglobulin molecule produced by papain digestion |
| sVCAM-1 | adhesion molecule 1 , vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 |
|---|---|
| E.P.G. | Eggs Per Gram of feces |
| EPG | Eggs per gram |
| GNB | Gram negative bacilli |
| GNB | Gram negative bacteria |
| gram-molecule | <unit> The amount of a substance with a mass in grams equal to its molecular weight; e.g., a gram-molecule of hydrogen weighs 2.016 g, that of water 18.015 g. (05 Mar 2000) |
|---|---|
| vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 | Cytokine-induced cell adhesion molecule present on activated endothelial cells, tissue macrophages, dendritic cells, bone marrow fibroblasts, myoblasts, and myotubes. It is important for the recruitment of leukocytes to sites of inflammation. (12 Dec 1998) |
| cell adhesion molecule | <molecular biology> Although this could mean any molecule involved in cellular adhesive phenomena, it has acquired a more restricted sense, namely a molecule on the surface of animal tissue cells, antibodies (or Fab fragments) against that specifically inhibit some form of intercellular adhesion. Examples are Liver Cell Adhesion Molecule and Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule, both named from tissues in which first detected, although their occurrence is not in fact restricted to these. Acronym: CAM (26 Nov 1998) |
| repellant guiding molecule | <cell biology> Specific molecules that inhibit the activity of growth cones and are thought to be important in establishing axon pathways during nervous system development. See: growth cone collapse. (18 Nov 1997) |
| chimeric molecule | A molecule (usually a biopolymer) containing sequences derived from two different genes; specifically, from two different species. Compare: chimera. (05 Mar 2000) |
| molecule | <chemistry> The result of two or more atoms combining by chemical bonding. (09 Oct 1997) |
| hybrid molecule | <molecular biology> A double-stranded nucleic acid molecule which was artificially created from two different single-stranded nucleic acid molecules from different sources, for the purpose of comparing their nucleotide sequences. (09 Oct 1997) |
| hydrophilic signaling molecule | <molecular biology> A type of molecule which, because it is easily dissolved in water (it is hydrophilic), can easily move through cell membranes and thus can be secreted from one cell and move into a target cell where it triggers a particular event. Many hormones and growth factors are hydrophilic signaling molecules. (09 Oct 1997) |
| neural cell adhesion molecule | See: NCAM. (18 Nov 1997) |
| intercellular adhesion molecule | See: ICAM. (18 Nov 1997) |
| intercellular adhesion molecule-1 | <chemical> A cell-surface ligand with a role in leukocyte adhesion and inflammation. Its production is induced by gamma-interferon and it is required for neutrophil migration into inflamed tissue. Chemical name: Glycoprotein ICAM 1 (human clone pHRVr1 deblocked protein moiety reduced) (12 Dec 1998) |
| organic molecule | <chemistry> A molecule with a basic skeleton made up of a skeleton of carbon atoms plus hydrogen and oxygen atoms and, in proteins, nitrogen. Organic molecules may also include isolated atoms of other elements. (11 Jan 1998) |
| endothelial-leukocyte adhesion molecule | 115,000 Mw molecule on the surface of endothelial cells that is involved in blood leukocyte attachment to vessel walls as well as emigration from the vessels into the tissues. (05 Mar 2000) |
| centimeter-gram-second system | The scientific system of expressing the fundamental physical units of length, mass, and time, and those units derived from them, in centimeters, grams, and seconds; currently being replaced by the International System of Units based on the meter, kilogram, and second. (05 Mar 2000) |
| centimeter-gram-second unit | <unit> An absolute unit of the centimeter-gram-second system. (05 Mar 2000) |
| gram molecule |
the molecular weight of a substance expressed in grams; the basic unit of amount of substance adopted under the Systeme International d'Unites
출처: wordnet.princeton.edu/perl/webwn
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| gram molecule | the molecular weight of a substance expressed in grams |
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제품명 |
판매사 |
보험코드 | 성분/함량 | 구분/보험급여 |
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제품명 |
판매사 |
보험코드 | 성분/함량 | 구분/보험급여 |
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