| ¿µ¹® | Gram stain | ÇÑ±Û | ±×¶÷¿°»ö |
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| ¼³¸í | ¹Ì»ý¹°À» ¿°»öÇÏ´Â ¹æ¹ý ÁßÀÇ Çϳª. 1884³â µ§¸¶Å©ÀÇ ÀÇ»ç H.C.J. ±×¶÷(1853~ 1938)ÀÌ °í¾ÈÇÑ Æ¯¼ö ¿°»ö¹ýÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ ¿°»ö¹ýÀ» »ç¿ëÇÏ¸é ¹Ì»ý¹°Àº ¾ç¼º±Õ°ú À½¼º±ÕÀÇ 2¹«¸®·Î Å©°Ô ³ª´¶´Ù. ¿°»ö¹ýÀº ±ÕÀ» À¯¸®¸é¿¡ ¹Ù¸£°í °¡¿ °íÁ¤ÇÑ´Ù. Á¨½Ã¾È¹ÙÀÌ¿À·¿, Å©¸®½ºÅ» ¹ÙÀÌ¿À·¿, ¸ÞÆ¿¹ÙÀÌ¿À·¿ µî ÆÄ¶ó·ÎÁî ¾Æ´Ò¸°°è »ö¼ÒÀÇ ¾î´À Çϳª¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÏ¿© ¿ì¼± ¿°»öÇϰí ÀÌ¾î¼ ·ç°ñ¾×À» ÀÛ¿ë½ÃŲ µÚ, ¿¡Åº¿Ã ¶Ç´Â ¾Æ¼¼ÅæÀ¸·Î Å»»öÇÑ´Ù. À̶§ Å»»öµÇÁö ¾Ê°í º¸¶ó»öÀ» Ÿ³ª³»´Â °ÍÀ» ±×¶÷¾ç¼º±ÕÀ̶ó ºÎ¸£¸ç, Æ÷µµ¾Ë±Õ-Æó·Å¾Ë±Õ-»ç½½¾Ë±Õ µîÀÌ ´ëÇ¥ÀûÀÎ ¿¹ÀÌ´Ù. Å»»öµÇ¸é ±×¶÷À½¼º±ÕÀ̶ó ºÎ¸£¸ç, ´ëÀå±Õ-³ì³ó±Õ µîÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù. ÃÖÈÄ¿¡ »çÇÁ¶ó´Ñ, Ç«½Å µî Àû»ö°èÀÇ »ö¼Ò¾×À¸·Î ÈÄ¿°»öÀ» ÇÑ´Ù. ¹Ì»ý¹°ÀÇ °¨º°¿¡ Áß¿äÇÑ ¿°»ö¹ýÀÌ¸ç ¿°»ö¼ºÀÇ Â÷ÀÌ´Â ¿µ¾ç¿ä±¸¼º, ÈÇпä¹ýÁ¦(Ç×»ý¹°Áú µî)¿¡ ´ëÇÑ °¨¼ö¼ºÀÇ Â÷À̿͵µ °ü·ÃµÇ´Â Á¡ÀÌ ¸¹À¸¹Ç·Î »ç¿ë¾àÁ¦ÀÇ ¼±Åýÿ¡µµ Áß¿äÇÑ ¿ªÇÒÀ» ÇÑ´Ù. ±×¶÷¾ç¼º±Õ°ú À½¼º±ÕÀÇ Â÷ÀÌ´Â ¼¼±Õº®ÀÇ ±¸Á¶¿¡ Àִµ¥, ¾ç¼º±ÕÀº ¼¼Æ÷¸·ÀÇ ¹Ù±ùÂÊ ÆéƼµå±Û¸®ÄÀ̶ó´Â ´ç´Ü¹éÁúÃþÀÇ µÎ²²°¡ 20~80nm³ª µÇ°í, ±×·¥À½¼º±ÕÀÇ ÆéƼµå±Û¸®Ä ÃþÀº 2~3nm·Î ¾ã°í, ´Ù½Ã ¹Ù±ùÂÊ¿¡ ¿Ü¸·À̶ó ºÎ¸£´Â ÃþÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù. |
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| ¿µ¹® | calorie | ÇÑ±Û | Ä®·Î¸®, ¿·® |
|---|---|---|---|
| ¼³¸í | 1. ¿·®ÀÇ ´ÜÀ§. ¼Ò Ä®·Î¸®. 1gÀÇ ¹°À» 1¡É ³ôÀ̴µ¥ ÇÊ¿äÇÑ ¿ÀÇ ¾ç. Áï, ±¹Á¦µµ·®ÇüÀ§¿øÈ¸´Â 1cal=4.186J(ÁÙ)À̶ó Á¤Çϰí ÁÙÀ» ¾²µµ·Ï ±ÇÀåÇϰí ÀÖ´Ù. ¶Ç Æò±ÕÄ®·Î¸®´Â 0¡ÉÀÇ ¼ø¼öÇÑ ¹° 1gÀ» 100¡É±îÁö ¿Ã¸®´Âµ¥ ÇÊ¿äÇÑ ¿·®ÀÇ 1/100ÀÌ´Ù. ¿µ¾çÇп¡¼ ¸»ÇÏ´Â Ä®·Î¸®´Â ÀÌ Æò±ÕÄ®·Î¸®ÀÇ 1,000¹è¸¦ °¡¸®Å°´Â °æ¿ìµµ ÀÖÀ¸¸ç À̰ÍÀ» ´ëÄ®·Î¸®(±âÈ£ Cal)¶Ç´Â ų·ÎÄ®·Î¸®(±âÈ£ kcal)¶ó Çϱ⵵ ÇÑ´Ù. 2. ü³»¿¡¼ ¹ß»ýÇÏ´Â ¿¡³ÊÁöÀÇ ¾ç. Áï, ¿µ¾çÇп¡¼ ½ÄǰÀÇ ¿µ¾ç°¡¸¦ ¿·®À¸·Î ȯ»êÇÏ¿© ³ªÅ¸³½ ´ÜÀ§. 1Ä®·Î¸®´Â 1kcal¿¡ ÇØ´çÇÑ´Ù. ±âÈ£´Â Cal. »ç¶÷ÀÌ ÀÏÁ¤ÇÑ Ã¼¿ÂÀ» À¯ÁöÇÏ°í ¶Ç À½½ÄÀÇ ¼Òȸ¦ ºñ·ÔÇÏ¿© ¿©·¯ ¿îµ¿À» ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀº ÀÎü¸¦ ±¸¼ºÇÏ´Â ¹°ÁúÀÌ °¡Áö°í ÀÖ´Â ÈÇÐ ¿¡³ÊÁö¸¦ ¿-¿îµ¿ ¿¡³ÊÁö·Î º¯È½ÃÄÑ À̰ÍÀ» ÀÌ¿ëÇÒ ¼ö Àֱ⠶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù. ¿¡³ÊÁö´Â »ý¸íÀ» À¯ÁöÇϰí ÀÏÀ» ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ´É·ÂÀ̶ó°í ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, À̰ÍÀº ¿-ºû-¿îµ¿ µî ¿©·¯ ÇüÅ·ΠÀüȯÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. |
||
| g-cal | gram calorie |
|---|---|
| gm | cal gram calorie |
| PCM | Protein Calorie Malnutrition = PEM |
| PEM | Protein-Energy Malnutrition = PCM; Protein Calorie Malnutrition |
| Cal | caliber; large calorie |
| VLCD | Very Low Calorie Diet |
|---|---|
| E.P.G. | Eggs Per Gram of feces |
| EPG | Eggs per gram |
| GNB | Gram negative bacilli |
| GNB | Gram negative bacteria |
| gram calorie | The quantity of energy required to raise the temperature of 1 g of water 1°C, or from 14.5°C to 15.5°C in the case of normal or standard calorie. Synonym: gram calorie. (05 Mar 2000) |
|---|
| calorie | <chemistry> A unit of measurement defined as 4.184 absolute joules or the amount of energy it takes to raise the temperature of one gram of water from 15 to 16 degrees Celsius (or1/100th the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of one gram of water at one atmosphere pressure from 0 degrees C to 100 degrees C), food calories are actually equal to 1,000 calories (1 food calorie = 1 kilocalorie). (13 Oct 1997) |
|---|---|
| mean calorie | One hundredth of the energy required to raise the temperature of 1 g of water from 0°C to 100°C. (05 Mar 2000) |
| protein-calorie malnutrition | Severe deficiency of protein + inadequate caloric intake = kwashiorkor. (12 Dec 1998) |
| high-calorie diet | A diet containing upward of 4,000 calories per day. (05 Mar 2000) |
| small calorie | The quantity of energy required to raise the temperature of 1 g of water 1°C, or from 14.5°C to 15.5°C in the case of normal or standard calorie. Synonym: gram calorie. (05 Mar 2000) |
| kilogram calorie | The quantity of energy required to raise the temperature of 1 kg of water 1°C, more precisely from 14.5 |
| large calorie | The quantity of energy required to raise the temperature of 1 kg of water 1°C, more precisely from 14.5 |
| low-calorie diet | A diet of 1,200 calories or less per day. (05 Mar 2000) |
| centimeter-gram-second system | The scientific system of expressing the fundamental physical units of length, mass, and time, and those units derived from them, in centimeters, grams, and seconds; currently being replaced by the International System of Units based on the meter, kilogram, and second. (05 Mar 2000) |
| centimeter-gram-second unit | <unit> An absolute unit of the centimeter-gram-second system. (05 Mar 2000) |
| gram | A gram is the unit of measurement used to measure mass in the metric system. It is equal to the mass of one millilitre (one thousandth of a litre) of water at the temperature where water has the highest density (4 degrees C). (09 Oct 1997) |
| gram-atomic weight | Atomic weight expressed in grams. Compare: mole. (05 Mar 2000) |
| gram-centimeter | The energy exerted, or work done, when a mass of 1 g is raised a height of 1 cm; equal to 9.807 × 10-5 joules or newton-meters. (05 Mar 2000) |
| gram equivalent | The weight in grams of an element that combines with or replaces 1 gram of hydrogen, the atomic or molecular weight in grams of an atom or group of atoms involved in a chemical reaction divided by the number of electrons donated, taken up, or shared by the atom or group of atoms in the course of that reaction, the weight of a substance contained in 1 liter of 1 normal solution; a variant of. Synonym: combining weight, equivalent weight. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Gram, Hans | <person> Danish bacteriologist, 1853-1938. See: Gram's iodine, Gram's stain, Weigert-Gram stain. (05 Mar 2000) |
| gram calorie |
calorie: unit of heat defined as the quantity of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water by 1 degree centigrade at atmospheric pressure
Ãâó: wordnet.princeton.edu/perl/webwn
|
|---|---|
| gram calorie |
(Abbreviated gm cal, cal.) See calorie.
Ãâó: amsglossary.allenpress.com/glossary/browse
|
| gram calorie | unit of heat defined as the quantity of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water by 1 degree centigrade at atmospheric pressure |
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