| 영문 | Gram stain | 한글 | 그람염색 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 미생물을 염색하는 방법 중의 하나. 1884년 덴마크의 의사 H.C.J. 그람(1853~ 1938)이 고안한 특수 염색법이다. 이 염색법을 사용하면 미생물은 양성균과 음성균의 2무리로 크게 나뉜다. 염색법은 균을 유리면에 바르고 가열 고정한다. 젠시안바이오렛, 크리스탈 바이오렛, 메틸바이오렛 등 파라로즈 아닐린계 색소의 어느 하나를 사용하여 우선 염색하고 이어서 루골액을 작용시킨 뒤, 에탄올 또는 아세톤으로 탈색한다. 이때 탈색되지 않고 보라색을 타나내는 것을 그람양성균이라 부르며, 포도알균-폐렴알균-사슬알균 등이 대표적인 예이다. 탈색되면 그람음성균이라 부르며, 대장균-녹농균 등이 있다. 최후에 사프라닌, 푹신 등 적색계의 색소액으로 후염색을 한다. 미생물의 감별에 중요한 염색법이며 염색성의 차이는 영양요구성, 화학요법제(항생물질 등)에 대한 감수성의 차이와도 관련되는 점이 많으므로 사용약제의 선택시에도 중요한 역할을 한다. 그람양성균과 음성균의 차이는 세균벽의 구조에 있는데, 양성균은 세포막의 바깥쪽 펩티드글리칸이라는 당단백질층의 두께가 20~80nm나 되고, 그램음성균의 펩티드글리칸 층은 2~3nm로 얇고, 다시 바깥쪽에 외막이라 부르는 층이 있다. |
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| 'Greek letter alpha' | angular acceleration; first [carbon atom next to the carbon atom bearing the active group in organic... |
|---|---|
| at | air tight; atom, atomic |
| FAB | fast atom bombardment; formalin ammonium bromide; fragment, antigen-binding [of immunoglobulins]; Fr... |
| Ma | mass of atom |
| CMG | Cysto-Metro-Gram; 방광내압곡선 |
| FAB | Fast Atom Bombardment |
|---|---|
| FAB-MS | Fast Atom Bombardment Mass Spectrometry |
| FAB MS | Fast Atom Bombardment Mass Spectroscopy |
| E.P.G. | Eggs Per Gram of feces |
| EPG | Eggs per gram |
| activated atom | An atom possessing more than normal energy as a result of input of energy. See: excited state. Synonym: excited atom. (05 Mar 2000) |
|---|---|
| atom | <chemistry, physics, radiobiology> A particle of matter indivisible by chemical means. It is the fundamental building block of the chemical elements. The elements, such as iron, lead and sulphur, differ from each other because they contain different kinds of atoms. There are about six sextillion (6 followed by 21 zeros or 6 x 1021) atoms in an ordinary drop of water. According to present day theory, an atom contains a dense inner core (the nucleus) and a much less dense outer domain consisting of electrons in motion around the nucleus. Atoms are electrically neutral. (16 Dec 1997) |
| Bohr's atom | A concept or model of the atom in which the negatively charged electrons move in circular or elliptical orbits around the positively charged nucleus, energy being emitted or absorbed when electrons change from one orbit to another. (05 Mar 2000) |
| radioactive atom | <chemistry, physics> An atom with an unstable nucleus, which emits particulate or electromagnetic radiation (radioactive emission) to achieve greater stability. See: radionuclide, half-life, Becquerel. (05 Mar 2000) |
| recoil atom | The remainder of an atom from which a nuclear particle has been emitted or ejected at high velocity; the remainder recoils with a velocity inversely proportional to its mass. (05 Mar 2000) |
| central atom | <physics> The atom to which the other atoms are bonded in a small molecule. (09 Oct 1997) |
| spectrometry, mass, fast atom bombardment | A mass spectrometric technique that is used for the analysis of a wide range of biomolecules, such as glycoalkaloids, glycoproteins, polysaccharides, and peptides. Positive and negative fast atom bombardment spectra are recorded on a mass spectrometer fitted with an atom gun with xenon as the customary beam. The mass spectra obtained contain molecular weight recognition as well as sequence information. (12 Dec 1998) |
| stripped atom | An atom minus all its electrons; a nucleus. (05 Mar 2000) |
| nuclear atom | <physics, radiobiology> A concept or model of the atom characterised by the presence of a small, massive nucleus at its centre. (05 Mar 2000) |
| displacements per atom | (dpa) This is a measure of the amount of radiation damage in neutron-irradiated materials, for example, 10 dpa means each atom in the material has been displaced from its site within the structural lattice of the material an average of 10 times (due to interactions between the atoms and the energetic neutrons irradiating the material.) (09 Oct 1997) |
| quaternary carbon atom | An atom of carbon to which four other carbon atom's are attached. (05 Mar 2000) |
| ionised atom | <chemistry> An atom that possesses an electrostatic charge as a result of loss or gain of electrons; e.g., H+, Calcium, Cl-, O2-. (05 Mar 2000) |
| tagged atom | A radioactive atom, or a stable but rare one, which by its presence in a molecule helps localization or measurement of that molecule. Synonym: tagged atom. (05 Mar 2000) |
| excited atom | An atom possessing more than normal energy as a result of input of energy. See: excited state. Synonym: excited atom. (05 Mar 2000) |
| labelled atom | A radioactive atom, or a stable but rare one, which by its presence in a molecule helps localization or measurement of that molecule. Synonym: tagged atom. (05 Mar 2000) |
| gram atom | the quantity of an element whose weight in grams is numerically equal to the atomic weight of the element |
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제품명 |
판매사 |
보험코드 | 성분/함량 | 구분/보험급여 |
|---|
제품명 |
판매사 |
보험코드 | 성분/함량 | 구분/보험급여 |
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