| 영문 | muscle cell(=muscle fiber) | 한글 | 근육세포 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 근육은 수의근(의식에 의해서 조절이 가능한 근육: 예를 들어 다리, 팔, 얼굴근육 등)과 불수의근(의식과 무관하게 조절하지 않아도 움직이는 근육: 예를 들어 심장근, 소화기관에 분포하는 근육 등)으로 나누어지며, 근육세포의 모양은 다음과 같다(수의근, 불수의근 외에 심장에 있는 심장근은 불수의근에 해당하지만 그 모양은 수의근과 같아 따로 분류한다).  |
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| 영문 | white blood cell(WBC), leukocyte | 한글 | 백혈구 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 혈액내에 골수구계세포와 림프계세포, 단핵구계세포를 모두 통틀어 말한다. 백혈구의 증가가 있으면 대개 감염이 있거나, 혹은 탈수현상이 있음을 의미한다. 또한 지나친 백혈구수의 감소는 인체내 면역기능이 떨어져 있음을 의미하며, 다른 질병에 의해 나타나는 이차적인 현상이 아닌지 꼭 진단을 받아보아야 한다. |
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| 영문 | mast cell | 한글 | 비만 세포 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 동물의 결합 조직 가운데 널리 분포하는 세포. 결합조직과 점막조직 내에 있는 호염기성 색소로 이염색성(metachromasia)을 나타내는 과립을 가진 방추형의 세포에 작은 둥근 핵을 가진다. 비만세포의 표면에는 IgE에 대한 수용체가 존재하며, 수용체에 결합한 IgE 분자들끼리 다가의 항원에 의해 서로 연결되면 비만세포 과립탈출 반응이 일어나, 히스타민, 세로토닌, 헤파린 등의 화학전달 물질이 방출되어, 즉시형 알레르기 반응 등의 증상을 일으킨다. 피부, 장막, 혈관 주위, 점막 주변에 있다. |
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| 영문 | cell | 한글 | 세포 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 생명체를 이루는 구조적, 기능적 단위. 핵의 유무에 따라서 유핵세포와 무핵세포로 나눌 수가 있다. 무핵세포란 핵이 없는 세포를 말한다. 핵이란 유전정보를 가지고 있는 염색체를 보관하는 곳인데 무핵세포에서는 염색체가 세포속에 그냥 노출되어 있다. 대개 세포 하나하나가 독립된 생명체의 역할을 하는 단세포생물로서 외부환경으로부터 자신을 보호할 수 있는 견고한 세포벽을 가지고 있다. 유핵세포란 핵을 가지고 있어서 유전정보가 있는 염색체가 세포의 다른 부분과 구분되어 핵속에 들어있다. 세포속에서 핵외의 부분(이를 세포질이라 한다)에는 여러 가지 세포의 소기관이 있어서 세포의 다양한 기능을 분담한다. ◈유핵세포의 기본 구조 1.세포막-세포를 둘러싸서 주위환경과 분리하여 세포의 내환경을 유지한다. 2.형질내세망(endoplasmic reticulum)-단위막으로 둘러쌓여 있는 불규칙한 망상구조이다. 이 망상구조의 내부를 소강, 소조라고 부른다. 여기에는 표면이 매끈한 무과립형질내세망과 표면이 불규칙한 과립형질내세망의 두 가지가 있다. 과립형질내세망의 경우는 표면에 단백질을 합성하는 리보솜이라는 것이 부착되어 있다. 이곳은 주로 세포밖으로 분비할 단백질을 합성하는 장소이다. 무과립형질내세망은 표면에 리보솜이 부착되어 있지 않은 것을 말하며, 이곳에서는 주로 해독작용, 글리코겐의 합성, 스테로이드호르몬의 합성 등이 일어난다. 3.리보솜-단백질을 합성하는 역할을 하는 곳이다.이것은 세포질에 존재하는 자유리보솜과 과립형질내세망에 부착이 되어 존재하는 부착리보솜의 두 가지로 나눈다. 자유리보솜은 주로 세포내에서 필요한 단백질을 만드는 역할을 하고 부착리보솜은 세포밖으로 분비할 단백질을 만드는 역할을 한다. 4.골지장치(Golgi apparatus)-핵주위에 분포하는 납작해진 주머니모양의 것이 중첩되어 형성된 층판 모양의 구조물로 과립형질내세망에서 생성되어 외부로 분비될 단백질을 모아서 농축, 포장하여 과립을 만드는 역할을 한다. 5.사립체(mitochondria)-구형, 난형의 긴 막대기 모양으로 크기가 다양한 구조물. 생물체의 에너지 저장물질인 ATP를 생산하는 역할을 한다. 또 세포와 다른 자신만의 유전정보를 가진 DNA, RNA를 가지고 있다. 모양, 크기가 세균과 비슷하며 자체증식성 등 독립된 생명체로서 필요한 요건을 갖추고 있어서 세포와 공생관계를 가진 독립된 세포로 생각하고 있다. 6.용해소체(lysosome)-작은 구형의 소체로 여러 가지 분해효소를 가진다. 세포외계에서 들어온 물질과 결합하여 그 물질들을 용해하는 역할을 하고, 오래된 세포소기관들을 제거하는 역할도 한다. 7.세포핵(nucleus)-구형, 난형으로 세포의 중심에 위치한다. 핵내에는 유전정보가 있는 물질인 염색체가 존재한다. 8.중심소체(centrosome)-핵주위에 존재하면서 핵의 분열시에 양쪽의 염색체를 당기는 작은 섬유를 만드는 역할을 하는 곳.  |
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| 영문 | cell-mediated immunity | 한글 | 세포매개면역 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 면역이란 신체를 외부의 물질로부터 보호하는 행위를 말한다. 여기에는 특이적 면역과 비특이적 면역의 두 가지가 있다. 비특이적 면역이라함은 특정한 물질에 관계하는 면역이 아니라 특정 대상이 없이 모든 외부 물체에 작용할 수 있는 면역을 말한다. 여기에는 소변의 흐름, 눈물의 흐름, 피부의 비투과성 등의 기계적인 것도 포함되고 피속에 돌아다니는 세포 중에서 비특이적으로 외부의 물질을 포식하는 세포들(예를 들면 큰포식세포(macrophage)의 활동도 포함이 된다. 세포매개면역이란 특이한 물질을 감지할 수 있는 세포를 생성하게 하여 그것으로 하여금 그 물질을 포식하게 하는 것을 말한다. |
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| GCT | general care and treatment; germ-cell tumor; giant cell thyroiditis; giant cell tumor |
|---|---|
| JVP | [POMD P 49 - 52] 1) Jugular Vein Pressure 2) Jugular Venous Pulse ... |
| MC | mass casualties; mast cell; Master of Surgery [Lat. Magister Chirurgiae]; maximum concentration; Med... |
| GPC | gastric parietal cell; gel permeation chromatography; giant papillary conjunctivitis; glycophorin C;... |
| RGC | radio-gas chromatography; remnant gastric cancer; retinal ganglion cell; right giant cell |
| CGC | cerebral giant cell |
|---|---|
| FBGC | Foreign Body Giant Cell |
| GCA | Giant Cell Arteritis |
| GCF | Giant Cell Fibroblastoma |
| GCT | Giant Cell Tumor |
| giant cell | <pathology> A cell of large size, often with many nuclei. They are multinucleated masses produced by the fusion of many cells. They are often associated with viral infections. In AIDS, they are induced when the envelope glycoprotein of HIV binds to the CD4 antigen of uninfected neighboring T4 cells. The resulting syncytium leads to cell death and thus may account for the cytopathic effect of the virus. (18 Jul 2002) |
|---|---|
| giant cell aortitis | <pathology> Giant cell arteritis involving the aorta. (05 Mar 2000) |
| giant cell arteritis | <pathology> An inflammatory condition of the temporal artery. It is a serious chronic vascular disease, characterised by inflammation of the walls of the blood vessels (vasculitis). The age of affected patients is usually over 50 years of age. It most often involves the carotid artery system, and can lead to blindness or stroke. It can be diagnosed by biopsy of an artery, but there is often a false negative result. Elevation of the erythrocyte sedimentation rate is typical. Treatment is with high dose steroids. Common symptoms include headaches and tenderness over the temple (temporal artery). Can be associated with polymyalgia rheumatica. See: polymyalgia rheumatica. Synonym: cranial arteritis, temporal arteritis (20 Jun 2000) |
| giant cell astrocytoma | <radiology> Malignant transformation from hamartoma (tuber) of tuberous sclerosis, enhances (unlike benign lesions), arises only about foramen of Monro, not really an astrocytoma, it's a giant-cell tumour (12 Dec 1998) |
| giant cell carcinoma | <tumour> A malignant epithelial neoplasm characterised by unusually large anaplastic cells. (05 Mar 2000) |
| giant cell carcinoma of thyroid gland | A rapidly progressive undifferentiated carcinoma observed in the thyroid gland, characterised by numerous, unusually large, anaplastic cells derived from glandular epithelium of the thyroid gland. (05 Mar 2000) |
| giant cell epulis | <dermatology, oncology> A non-neoplastic lesion characterised by a proliferation of granulation tissue containing numerous multinucleated giant cells. It occurs on the gingiva and alveolar mucosa (occasionally on other soft tissues) where it presents as a soft red-blue haemorrhagic nodular swelling. It also occurs within the mandible or maxilla as a unilocular or multilocular radiolucency. Peripheral giant cell granuloma refers to the gingiva (giant cell epulis), central refers to the jaw. Microscopically similar lesions occur in the tubular bones of the hands and feet, are considered neoplastic, and may have a malignant course. Identical bony lesions may be seen in hyperparathyroidism and cherubism. See: giant cell tumour of bone. Synonym: giant cell epulis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| giant cell fibroma | <tumour> A tumour of the oral mucosa composed of fibrous connective tissue with large stellate and multinucleate fibroblasts; shares a similar histology with the retrocuspid papilla, fibrous papule of the nose, pearly penile papule, and the ungual fibroma. (05 Mar 2000) |
| giant cell granuloma | <dermatology, oncology> A non-neoplastic lesion characterised by a proliferation of granulation tissue containing numerous multinucleated giant cells. It occurs on the gingiva and alveolar mucosa (occasionally on other soft tissues) where it presents as a soft red-blue haemorrhagic nodular swelling. It also occurs within the mandible or maxilla as a unilocular or multilocular radiolucency. Peripheral giant cell granuloma refers to the gingiva (giant cell epulis), central refers to the jaw. Microscopically similar lesions occur in the tubular bones of the hands and feet, are considered neoplastic, and may have a malignant course. Identical bony lesions may be seen in hyperparathyroidism and cherubism. See: giant cell tumour of bone. Synonym: giant cell epulis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| giant cell hepatitis | Hepatitis in the neonatal period presumed to be due to a variety of causes, chiefly viral; characterised by direct and indirect bilirubinaemia, hepatocellular degeneration, and appearance of multinucleated giant cells; may be difficult to distinguish from biliary atresia, but is more likely to end with recovery, although cirrhosis may develop. Synonym: giant cell hepatitis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| giant cell hyaline angiopathy | <pathology> An inflammatory infiltrate containing foreign body giant cells and eosinophilic material. Fragments of foreign material resembling vegetable matter may be included. Synonym: pulse granuloma. (05 Mar 2000) |
| giant cell monstrocellular sarcoma of Zulch | A histologic form of glioblastoma with large, often multinucleated, bizarre, tumour cells. Synonym: giant cell monstrocellular sarcoma of Zulch. (05 Mar 2000) |
| giant cell myeloma | A bone tumour composed of cellular spindle-cell stroma containing scattered multinucleated giant cells resembling osteoclasts. The tumours range from benign to frankly malignant lesions. The tumour occurs most frequently in an end of a long tubular bone in young adults. (12 Dec 1998) |
| giant cell pneumonia | A rare complication of measles, with the postmortem finding of multinucleated giant cells lining alveoli. Synonym: Hecht's pneumonia, interstitial giant cell pneumonia. (05 Mar 2000) |
| giant cell sarcoma | <tumour> A malignant giant cell tumour of bone. (05 Mar 2000) |
| carcinoma, giant cell | An epithelial neoplasm characterised by unusually large anaplastic cells. It is highly malignant with fulminant clinical course, bizarre histologic appearance and poor prognosis. It is most common in the lung and thyroid. (12 Dec 1998) |
|---|---|
| malignant giant cell tumour | A type of bone tumour. (12 Dec 1998) |
| reparative giant cell granuloma | <dermatology, oncology> A non-neoplastic lesion characterised by a proliferation of granulation tissue containing numerous multinucleated giant cells. It occurs on the gingiva and alveolar mucosa (occasionally on other soft tissues) where it presents as a soft red-blue haemorrhagic nodular swelling. It also occurs within the mandible or maxilla as a unilocular or multilocular radiolucency. Peripheral giant cell granuloma refers to the gingiva (giant cell epulis), central refers to the jaw. Microscopically similar lesions occur in the tubular bones of the hands and feet, are considered neoplastic, and may have a malignant course. Identical bony lesions may be seen in hyperparathyroidism and cherubism. See: giant cell tumour of bone. Synonym: giant cell epulis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| subependymal giant cell astrocytoma | <tumour> A rare astrocytoma, frequently located in the wall of the lateral ventricle, comprised of large glial cells with abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm and intermixed elongated astrocytes, associated with tuberous sclerosis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| interstitial giant cell pneumonia | A rare complication of measles, with the postmortem finding of multinucleated giant cells lining alveoli. Synonym: Hecht's pneumonia, interstitial giant cell pneumonia. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Touton giant cell | A xanthoma cell in which the multiple nuclei are grouped around a small island of nonfoamy cytoplasm. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Langhans giant cell | Multinucleate cells formed by fusion of epithelioid macrophages and associated with the central part of early tubercular lesions. Similar to foreign body giant cells, but with the nuclei peripherally located. (18 Nov 1997) |
| foreign body giant cell | <pathology> Syncytium formed by the fusion of macrophages in response to an indigestible particle too large to be phagocytosed for example talc, silica or asbestos fibres). There may be as many as 100 nuclei randomly distributed: similar cells but with the nuclei more peripherally located (Langhans cells) are found at the centre of tuberculous lesions. (06 Mar 1998) |
| benign giant lymph node hyperplasia | Solitary masses of lymphoid tissue containing concentric perivascular aggregates of lymphocytes, occurring usually in the mediastinum or hilar region of young adults; similar changes have been reported outside the mediastinum and, if associated with interfollicular sheets of plasma cells, may progress to lymphoma or plasmacytoma. Synonym: angiofollicular mediastinal lymph node hyperplasia, Castleman's disease. (05 Mar 2000) |
| giant | 1. A man of extraordinari bulk and stature. "Giants of mighty bone and bold emprise." 2. A person of extraordinary strength or powers, bodily or intellectual. 3. Any animal, plant, or thing, of extraordinary size or power. Giant's Causeway, a vast collection of basaltic pillars, in the county of Antrim on the northern coast of Ireland. Origin: OE. Giant, geant, geaunt, OF. Jaiant, geant, F. Geant, L. Gigas, fr. Gr, from the root of E. Gender, genesis. See Gender, and cf. Gigantic. Like a giant; extraordinary in size, strength, or power; as, giant brothers; a giant son. Giant cell. <anatomy> A very large African heron (Ardeomega goliath). It is the largest heron known. Giant kettle, a pothole of very large dimensions, as found in Norway in connection with glaciers. See Pothole. Giant powder. See Nitroglycerin. <botany> Giant puffball, one of several species of very large squids, belonging to Architeuthis and allied genera. Some are over forty feet long. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| giant axon | <biology> Extraordinarily large unmyelinated axons found in invertebrates. Some, like the squid giant axon, can approach 1 mm diameter. Large axons have high conduction speeds, the giant axons are invariably involved in panic or escape responses and may (e.g. Crayfish) have electrical synapses to further increase speed. Vertebrate axons with high conduction velocites are much narrower: they are myelinated, allowing saltatory conduction. (17 Dec 1997) |
| giant axonal neuropathy | <paediatrics> A rare disorder beginning at or after the third year of life, and presenting clinically with kinky hair, progressive painless clumsiness, muscle weakness and atrophy, sensory loss, and areflexia. Pathologically, both myelinated and unmyelinated nerve fibres contain axonal spheroids packed with neurofilaments; sporadic in nature. (05 Mar 2000) |
| giant chromosome | <cell biology> Giant chromosomes produced by the successive replication of homologous pairs of chromosomes, joined together (synapsed) without chromosome separation or nuclear division. They thus consist of many up to 1000) identical chromosomes (strictly chromatids) running parallel and in strict register. The chromosomes remain visible during interphase and are found in some ciliates, ovule cells in angiosperms and in larval Dipteran tissue. The best known polytene chromosomes are those of the salivary gland of the larvae of Drosophila melanogaster which appear as a series of dense bands interspersed by light interbands, in a pattern characteristic for each chromosome. The bands, of which there are about 5,000 in Drosophila melanogaster, contain most of the DNA (ca 95%) of the chromosomes and each band roughly represents one gene. The banding pattern of polytene chromosomes provides a visible map to compare with the linkage map determined by genetic studies. Some segments of polytene chromosome show chromosome puffs, areas of high transcription. (18 Nov 1997) |
| giant colon | An abnormally large or dilated colon, the condition may be congenital or acquired, acute or chronic. (18 Nov 1997) |
| giant condyloma | A large type of condyloma acuminatum found in the anus, vulva, or preputial sac of the penis of middle-aged, uncircumcised men; it tends to extend deeply and recur. Synonym: Buschke-Lowenstein tumour. (05 Mar 2000) |
Synonyms :
Synonyms : Cell Tumor, Giant, Cell Tumors, Giant, Giant Cell Tumor, Tumor, Giant Cell, Tumors, Giant Cell
Synonyms : Syncytia, Cell, Giant, Cell, Multinucleated Giant, Cells, Giant, Cells, Multinucleated Giant, Giant Cell, Giant Cell, Multinucleated, Multinucleated Giant Cell, Polykaryocyte
Synonyms : Foreign Body Giant Cell, Foreign Body Giant Cells, Foreign Body-Type Giant Cells, Cell, Foreign-Body Giant, Cells, Foreign-Body Giant, Foreign Body Type Giant Cells, Foreign-Body Giant Cell, Foreign-Body Giant Cells, Giant Cell, Foreign-Body
Synonyms : Langhans-Type Giant Cells, Cells, Langhans Giant, Cells, Langhans-Type Giant, Giant Cells, Langhans-Type, Langhans Type Giant Cells
| giant cell epulis |
epulis gigantocellula
출처: www.mercksource.com/pp/us/cns/cns_hl_dorlands.jspz...
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|---|---|
| giant cell arteritis |
a chronic vascular disease of unknown origin in the elderly, often associated with polymyalgia rheumatica, seen usually in the external carotid arteries but sometimes in other arteries. Characteristics include proliferative inflammation, often with giant cells and granulomas; headache, pain with chewing, weight loss, fever, and sometimes ocular symptoms; and increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate. Called also cranial, granulomatous, or temporal a. and Horton's a., disease, or syndrome.
출처: www.merckmedicus.com/pp/us/hcp/thcp_dorlands_conte...
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| giant cell |
(noun) cell of large size with several nuclei, appearing to be made up of many cells, but not clearly outlined. Found in both kinds of marrow, esp. in red marrow and spleen. Also found in tissues that are healing, around foreign bodies, and in the inflammatory reaction to tuberculosis. Synonym:megakaryocyte
출처: www.orgsites.com/fl/adjuvantdisease/_pgg9.php3
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| giant cell |
multinucleated large cells; found frequently in inflammation in late stages around foreign materials as Langhans' giant cell
출처: www.southalabama.edu/alliedhealth/cls/Ravine/gloss...
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| giant cell arteritis |
A vasculitic disorder which presents with head pain and scalp tenderness and a high ESR. Sudden loss of vision may occur due to retinal artery occlusion. Part of the polymyalgia rheumatica disease spectrum. Also known as cranial or temporal arteritis.
출처: www.ilar.org/Glossary/Glossary_g.htm
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제품명 |
판매사 |
보험코드 | 성분/함량 | 구분/보험급여 |
|---|
제품명 |
판매사 |
보험코드 | 성분/함량 | 구분/보험급여 |
|---|