| 영문 | genetic engineering | 한글 | 유전공학 |
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| 설명 | 1. 유전자의 합성이나 변형 따위를 연구하는 학문. 응용 유전학의 한 분야로, 병의 치료나 이로운 산물의 대량 생산을 목적으로 한다. 2. 생물의 유전자를 인공적으로 가공하여 인간에게 필요한 물질을 대량으로 값싸게 얻는 기술. 1970년대에 들어서면서 경이적인 과학기술의 하나로 큰 주목을 끌고 있으며, 이 분야에는 재조합 DNA기술-세포융합기술 및 핵치환기술 등이 있다. 재조합 DNA 기술에 의하여 인공적으로 재조합유전자를 만든 최초의 보고는 1972년 잭슨 등이 하였고, 인공적 재조합유전자를 숙주세포에서 형질을 발현시키는 데 최초로 성공한 것은 1973년 F. J. 코벤 등이다. 이 재조합 DNA 기술은 세균파지, 플라스미드에 관한 연구와 DNA에 작용하는 효소들, 특히 제한효소와 DNA 연결효소에 관한 연구에 의존하였다. 유전공학의 발전은 우리 세계를 바꿀 수 있을 것으로 내다보고 있다. 암을 제압하고 노화를 방지할 수 있어 유전공학은 결국 오늘의 인간이 안고 있는 에너지-식량-의료 등의 문제를 해결해 줄 수 있는 가능성을 지닌다. 이 때문에 유전공학은 ‘제3의 산업혁명’이라고 할 수 있고, 따라서 그 개발을 위하여 온 세계의 기업들이 이의 연구개발에 착수하고 국가들도 전략기술로 다루어 집접 육성에 박차를 가하고 있다. 우리나라에서도 1982년부터 유전공학 분야를 국가가 육성해야 할 특정연구 분야로 지정하고 있다. |
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| 영문 | genetic code | 한글 | 유전부호 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 길게 늘어서 있는 DNA사슬의 유전정보가 각각의 아미노산에 대응하여 단백질의 합성에 사용될 수 있게 읽혀지는 방법. DNA 분자는 각각의 Deoxyribonucleotide가 연결되어서 이루는 구조이다. 이Deoxyribonucleolide는 당, 인산, 그리고 염기로 이루어져 있다. 당과 인산은 각각의 Deoxyribonucleotide가 연결되게 유지해주는 역할을 하고 염기가 유전정보를 가지고 있으며 이 염기의 배열이 유전정보 즉 단백질의 합성에 필요한 정보를 가지고 있다. DNA를 이루는 염기는 4개로 아데닌(adenine), 구아닌(guanine), 티민(thymine), 시토신(cytosine)의 4가지이다. 4개의 염기가 섞여있는 배열을 한 개의 단백질로 합성을 하기 위해서는 이 배열을 해독하는 방법이 있어야 한다. 즉 그 방법은 3개의 염기의 배열을 하나의 아미노산에 대응시켜서 각 아미노산의 서열을 정하고 단백질을 만드는 것이다. 예를 들면 cytosine-cytosine-cytosine이라는 배열은 proline이라는 단백질을 의미하는 것으로 읽혀지게 된다. 이렇게 아무런 규칙이 없는 것 같은 염기서열을 하나의 아미노산과 대응시켜서 읽는 방법이 유전부호이다. |
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| PD | Doctor of Pharmacy; Dublin Pharmacopoeia; interpupillary distance; Paget disease; pancreatic duct; p... |
|---|---|
| SSD | shaded surface display; single saturating dose; Social Security disability; source-skin distance; so... |
| AGA | accelerated growth area; allergic granulomatosis and angiitis; American Gastroenterological Associat... |
| Gen | genetics, genetic; genus |
| genet | genetic, genetics |
| GAERS | Genetic Absence Epilepsy Rat from Strasbourg |
|---|---|
| GA | Genetic Algorithm |
| GH | Genetic Hemochromatosis |
| GSE | genetic suppressor element |
| PGD | Pre-implantation Genetic Diagnosis |
| genetic distance | <molecular biology> A way of measuring the amount of evolutionary divergence in two separated populations of a species by counting the number of allelic substitutions per locus that have cropped up in each population. (09 Oct 1997) |
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| map distance | The degree of separation of two loci on a linkage map, measured in morgans or centimorgans. (05 Mar 2000) |
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| reduced interarch distance | An occluding vertical dimension which results in an excessive interocclusal distance when the mandible is in rest position, and in a reduced interridge distance when the teeth are in contact. (05 Mar 2000) |
| working distance free | <microscopy> The distance between the front lens of the objective and the coverslip (or uncovered object) when the lens is focused on the specimen. (05 Aug 1998) |
| pupillary distance | The distance between the centre of each pupil; the major reference points in measuring for fitting of spectacle frames and lenses. (05 Mar 2000) |
| hyperfocal distance | <microscopy> The nearest distance, h, at which a camera lens focuses the far distance (infinity). This gives the maximum depth of field, the nearest distance in focus is h/2. (05 Aug 1998) |
| small interarch distance | A small distance between the maxillary and mandibular arches. Synonym: close bite. (05 Mar 2000) |
| social distance | The degree of closeness or acceptance an individual or group feels toward another individual or group. (12 Dec 1998) |
| sociometric distance | Some measurable degree of mutual or social perception, acceptance, and understanding; hypothetically, greater sociometric distance is associated with more inaccuracy in evaluating a relationship (e.g., it is easier to understand and deal with a native than a foreigner). (05 Mar 2000) |
| distance | 1. The space between two objects; the length of a line, especially the shortest line joining two points or things that are separate; measure of separation in place. "Every particle attracts every other with a force . . . Inversely proportioned to the square of the distance." (Sir I. Newton) 2. Remoteness of place; a remote place. "Easily managed from a distance." (W. Irving) "'T is distance lends enchantment to the view." (T. Campbell) "[He] waits at distance till he hears from Cato." (Addison) 3. A space marked out in the last part of a race course. "The horse that ran the whole field out of distance." (L'Estrange) In trotting matches under the rules of the American Association, the distance varies with the conditions of the race, being 80 yards in races of mile heaths, best two in three, and 150 yards in races of two-mile heats. at that distance from the winning post in placed the distance post. If any horse has not reached this distance post before the first horse in that heat has reached the winning post, such horse is distanced, and disqualified for cunning again during that race. 4. Relative space, between troops in ranks, measured from front to rear; contrasted with interval, which is measured from right to left. "Distance between companies in close column is twelve yards." 5. Space between two antagonists in fencing. 6. The part of a picture which contains the representation of those objects which are the farthest away, especially. In a landscape. In a picture, the Middle distance is the central portion between the foreground and the distance or the extreme distance. In a perspective drawing, the Point of distance is the point where the visual rays meet. 7. Ideal disjunction; discrepancy; contrariety. 8. Length or interval of time; period, past or future, between two eras or events. "Ten years' distance between one and the other." (Prior) "The writings of Euclid at the distance of two thousand years." (Playfair) 9. The remoteness or reserve which respect requires; hence, respect; ceremoniousness. "I hope your modesty Will know what distance to the crown is due." (Dryden) "'T is by respect and distance that authority is upheld." (Atterbury) 10. A withholding of intimacy; alienation; coldness; disagreement; variance; restraint; reserve. "Setting them [factions] at distance, or at least distrust amongst themselves." (Bacon) "On the part of Heaven, Now alienated, distance and distaste." (Milton) 11. Remoteness in succession or relation; as, the distance between a descendant and his ancestor. 12. The interval between two notes; as, the distance of a fourth or seventh. Angular distance, the distance made at the eye by lines drawn from the eye to two objects. Lunar distance. See Lunar. <astronomy> North polar distance, the arc on the heavens from a heavenly body to the zenith of the observer. It is the complement of the altitude. To keep one's distance, to stand aloof; to refrain from familiarity. "If a man makes keep my distance, the comfort is he keeps his at the same time." (Swift) Origin: F. Distance, L. Distantia. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| distance ceptor | A nerve mechanism of one of the organs of special sense whereby the subject is brought into relation with his distant environment. (05 Mar 2000) |
| distance of virtual image | <physics> When a simple lens is used as a magnifier for visual observation the eye becomes part of the optical system. A virtual image can be formulated by construction and its apparent distance will vary with the focus of the eye. This will vary among individuals. In a rather arbitrary but standardised assumption, the normal distance for close observation, or reading has been set at 10 inches (250 mm). The optics for the compound microscope have been designed to furnish parallel light from the eyepiece so that the eyes are relaxed for distant viewing. This makes the virtual image lie at infinity. Tests showed that the average observer accommodates somewhat, placing the virtual image rather variably, often about 20 - 25 feet. (05 Aug 1998) |
| distance perception | The act of knowing or the recognition of a distance by recollective thought, or by means of a sensory process which is under the influence of set and of prior experience. (12 Dec 1998) |
| infinite distance | The limit of distant vision, the rays entering the eyes from an object at that point being practically parallel. Synonym: infinity. (05 Mar 2000) |
| interarch distance | The vertical distance between the maxillary and mandibular arches under conditions of vertical dimensions which must be specified, the vertical distance between maxillary and mandibular ridges. Synonym: interalveolar space, interridge distance. (05 Mar 2000) |
| interocclusal distance | The vertical distance between the opposing occlusal surfaces, assuming rest relation unless otherwise designated. Synonym: interocclusal rest space. Synonym: freeway space. (05 Mar 2000) |
제품명 |
판매사 |
보험코드 | 성분/함량 | 구분/보험급여 |
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제품명 |
판매사 |
보험코드 | 성분/함량 | 구분/보험급여 |
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