| 영문 | gene | 한글 | 유전자 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 유전자는 길게 띠를 형성한 DNA분자의 일부분으로 한 가지 물질을 만드는데 필요한 모든 정보를 갖춘 기능적인 단위이다. 예를 들어 인슐린이라는 물질의 유전자라고 하면 사람의 세포내에 있는 긴 DNA 분자 중에서 인슐린이라는 물질을 만드는데 필요한 모든 정보를 가지고 있는 한 부분을 가리키는 말이다. 고전적인 생물학에서는 유전자가 표현형을 결정하거나 지정하는 염색체의 일부분이라고 정의되었지만, 오늘날에는 유전자에 대해서 분자적 정의가 제안되고 있으며 그 정의는 하나의 유전자는 하나의 효소를 결정 또는 암호화하는 유전물질의 일부분이라는 개념으로 이것이 이른바 1개의 유전자 1개 효소가설(one gene-one enzyme hypothesis)이다. 즉 1개의 유전자는 1개의 효소를 제작하는데 필요한 유전정보를 가진다는 것이다. 현재 이 가설이 받아들여지고 있다. |
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| 영문 | gene therapy | 한글 | 유전자요법 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 유전병을 치료할 목적으로, 정상적으로 기능하는 단일유전자 혹은 복수유전자를 어떤 기원에서 얻어내어 생세포에 도입하는 것. 유전물질은 유전자삽입 조작에 의해 수용세포에로 도입된다. 즉, 유전자를 끼워 넣은 새로운 세포를 사용하는 치료로서 1980년 미국의 학자가 지중해빈혈환자에게 강행하여 비판을 받았지만, 미국 국립보건연구소는 1990년 9월 아데노신 데아미나아제(adenosine deaminase, ADA) 결핍증 환자의 림프구에 ADA 유전자를 끼워 넣는 치료를 시작한 이래 현재는 암을 포함한 많은 질병들을 치료하는 목적으로 쓰인다. |
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| PHLOP | polymerase-halt-mediated linkage of primers |
|---|---|
| CGRP | Calcitonin Gene Related Peptide(Protein) |
| CGRPs | Calcitonin Gene-Related Products |
| GnRH | Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone [HP 1898, 2034] = LHRH = Go... |
| ARGS | antitrypsin-related gene sequence |
| DLS | Dimer Linkage Structure |
|---|---|
| LD | Linkage Disequilibrium |
| LG | Linkage Group |
| NPL | Non-parametric linkage |
| ORLS | Oxford Record Linkage Study |
| amide linkage | <biochemistry> This is a carboxylic acid containing an amino group (-NH2). In an alpha amino acid, the amino group is attached to the carbon atom directly beside the carboxyl group. (09 Oct 1997) |
|---|---|
| map, linkage | A map of the genes on a chromosome based on linkage analysis. A linkage map does not show the physical distances between genes but rather their relative positions, as determined by how often two gene loci are inherited together. The closer two genes are (the more tightly they are linked), the more often they will be inherited together. Linkage distance is measured in centimorgans (cm). (12 Dec 1998) |
| genetic linkage | <genetics> The term refers to the fact that certain genes tend to be inherited together, because they are on the same chromosome. Thus parental combinations of characters are found more frequently in offspring than nonparental. Linkage is measured by the percentage recombination between loci, unlinked genes showing 50% recombination. See: linkage equilibrium, linkage disequilibrium. (18 Nov 1997) |
| glucosidic linkage | <biochemistry> The linkages between dextrose molecules in a glucoside compound which must be hydrolysed (broken apart) to produce the dextrose molecules. (09 Oct 1997) |
| medical record linkage | The creation and maintenance of medical and vital records in multiple institutions in a manner that will facilitate the combined use of the records of identified individuals. (12 Dec 1998) |
| phosphodiester linkage | <biochemistry> A chemical linkage in which two alcohols are esterically boundto a bridging molecule of phosphoric acid. (31 Dec 1997) |
| Y-linkage | The state of a genetic factor (gene) being borne on the Y chromosome. This idea is analogous with X-linkage but since the Y chromosome does not fully take part in chiasma formation and recombination, it not amenable to analysis by conventional linkage methods. Little is known about its content. There is a gene for the H-Y antigen, and indirect arguments suggest that there is a principle that determines the formation of the testis and masculinization of the foetus but its localization, though narrowing the limits, remains elusive. (05 Mar 2000) |
| linkage | <genetics> Tendency for two or more non-allelic genes to be inherited together, because they are located more or less closely on the same chromosome. Thus parental combinations of characters are found more frequently in offspring than nonparental. Linkage is measured by the percentage recombination between loci. (04 Jul 1999) |
| linkage analysis | <genetics> Study aimed at establishing linkage between genes. Today linkage analysis serves as a way of gene-hunting and genetic testing. (12 Dec 1998) |
| linkage disequilibrium | <genetics> The occurrence of some genes together, more often than would be expected. Thus, in the HLA system of histocompatibility antigens, HLA A1 is commonly associated with B8 and DR3 and A2 with B7 and DR2, presumably because the combination confers some selective advantage. (18 Nov 1997) |
| linkage equilibrium | <genetics> Situation that should exist in a population undisturbed by selection, migration, etc., in which all possible combinations of linked genes should be present at equal frequency. The situation is no more common than are such undisturbed populations. (18 Nov 1997) |
| linkage group | A set of two or more loci that have been shown by linkage analysis to be physically close in the genome but that have not yet been assigned to specific chromosomes. It is rapidly becoming an outmoded term. (05 Mar 2000) |
| linkage map | <genetics> A map of the relative positions of genetic loci on a chromosome, determined onthe basis of how often the loci are inherited together. Distance ismeasured in centimorgans (cM). (09 Oct 1997) |
| linkage marker | A locus at which there is a high probability of heterozygotes (indispensible state for linkage analysis), but in itself perhaps of no clinical interest. See: marker locus. (05 Mar 2000) |
| allelic gene | See: allele, dominance of traits. (05 Mar 2000) |
| gene linkage | (genetics) traits that tend to be inherited together as a consequence of an association between their genes |
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제품명 |
판매사 |
보험코드 | 성분/함량 | 구분/보험급여 |
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제품명 |
판매사 |
보험코드 | 성분/함량 | 구분/보험급여 |
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