| ¿µ¹® | gene | ÇÑ±Û | À¯ÀüÀÚ |
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| ¼³¸í | À¯ÀüÀÚ´Â ±æ°Ô ¶ì¸¦ Çü¼ºÇÑ DNAºÐÀÚÀÇ ÀϺκÐÀ¸·Î ÇÑ °¡Áö ¹°ÁúÀ» ¸¸µå´Âµ¥ ÇÊ¿äÇÑ ¸ðµç Á¤º¸¸¦ °®Ãá ±â´ÉÀûÀÎ ´ÜÀ§ÀÌ´Ù. ¿¹¸¦ µé¾î Àν¶¸°À̶ó´Â ¹°ÁúÀÇ À¯ÀüÀÚ¶ó°í ÇÏ¸é »ç¶÷ÀÇ ¼¼Æ÷³»¿¡ ÀÖ´Â ±ä DNA ºÐÀÚ Áß¿¡¼ Àν¶¸°À̶ó´Â ¹°ÁúÀ» ¸¸µå´Âµ¥ ÇÊ¿äÇÑ ¸ðµç Á¤º¸¸¦ °¡Áö°í ÀÖ´Â ÇÑ ºÎºÐÀ» °¡¸®Å°´Â ¸»ÀÌ´Ù. °íÀüÀûÀÎ »ý¹°Çп¡¼´Â À¯ÀüÀÚ°¡ Ç¥ÇöÇüÀ» °áÁ¤Çϰųª ÁöÁ¤ÇÏ´Â ¿°»öüÀÇ ÀϺκÐÀ̶ó°í Á¤ÀǵǾúÁö¸¸, ¿À´Ã³¯¿¡´Â À¯ÀüÀÚ¿¡ ´ëÇØ¼ ºÐÀÚÀû Á¤Àǰ¡ Á¦¾ÈµÇ°í ÀÖÀ¸¸ç ±× Á¤ÀÇ´Â ÇϳªÀÇ À¯ÀüÀÚ´Â ÇϳªÀÇ È¿¼Ò¸¦ °áÁ¤ ¶Ç´Â ¾ÏÈ£ÈÇÏ´Â À¯Àü¹°ÁúÀÇ ÀϺκÐÀ̶ó´Â °³³äÀ¸·Î À̰ÍÀÌ À̸¥¹Ù 1°³ÀÇ À¯ÀüÀÚ 1°³ È¿¼Ò°¡¼³(one gene-one enzyme hypothesis)ÀÌ´Ù. Áï 1°³ÀÇ À¯ÀüÀÚ´Â 1°³ÀÇ È¿¼Ò¸¦ Á¦ÀÛÇϴµ¥ ÇÊ¿äÇÑ À¯ÀüÁ¤º¸¸¦ °¡Áø´Ù´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ÇöÀç ÀÌ °¡¼³ÀÌ ¹Þ¾Æµé¿©Áö°í ÀÖ´Ù. |
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| ¿µ¹® | gene therapy | ÇÑ±Û | À¯ÀüÀÚ¿ä¹ý |
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| ¼³¸í | À¯Àüº´À» Ä¡·áÇÒ ¸ñÀûÀ¸·Î, Á¤»óÀûÀ¸·Î ±â´ÉÇÏ´Â ´ÜÀÏÀ¯ÀüÀÚ È¤Àº º¹¼öÀ¯ÀüÀÚ¸¦ ¾î¶² ±â¿ø¿¡¼ ¾ò¾î³»¾î »ý¼¼Æ÷¿¡ µµÀÔÇÏ´Â °Í. À¯Àü¹°ÁúÀº À¯ÀüÀÚ»ðÀÔ Á¶ÀÛ¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ¼ö¿ë¼¼Æ÷¿¡·Î µµÀԵȴÙ. Áï, À¯ÀüÀÚ¸¦ ³¢¿ö ³ÖÀº »õ·Î¿î ¼¼Æ÷¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÏ´Â Ä¡·á·Î¼ 1980³â ¹Ì±¹ÀÇ ÇÐÀÚ°¡ ÁöÁßÇØºóÇ÷ȯÀÚ¿¡°Ô °ÇàÇÏ¿© ºñÆÇÀ» ¹Þ¾ÒÁö¸¸, ¹Ì±¹ ±¹¸³º¸°Ç¿¬±¸¼Ò´Â 1990³â 9¿ù ¾Æµ¥³ë½Å µ¥¾Æ¹Ì³ª¾ÆÁ¦(adenosine deaminase, ADA) °áÇÌÁõ ȯÀÚÀÇ ¸²ÇÁ±¸¿¡ ADA À¯ÀüÀÚ¸¦ ³¢¿ö ³Ö´Â Ä¡·á¸¦ ½ÃÀÛÇÑ ÀÌ·¡ ÇöÀç´Â ¾ÏÀ» Æ÷ÇÔÇÑ ¸¹Àº Áúº´µéÀ» Ä¡·áÇÏ´Â ¸ñÀûÀ¸·Î ¾²ÀδÙ. |
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| ¿µ¹® | obsessive-compulsive disorder | ÇÑ±Û | °¹Ú¹ÝÀÀ¼º Àå¾Ö |
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| ¼³¸í | °¹Ú»ç°í(obsession)Àº ¹Ýº¹µÇ´Â »ç°í¸¦ ¸»Çϸç, °¹ÚÇàÀ§(compulsion)´Â ¹Ýº¹µÇ´Â ÇൿÀ» ¸»ÇÑ´Ù. Áï ¹Ýº¹µÇ´Â »ç°í¿¡ µû¶ó ¹Ýº¹ÀûÀÎ ÇൿÀ» ¼öÇàÇÏ´Â Àå¾Ö¸¦ ¸»ÇÑ´Ù. À̶§ ¹Ýº¹ÀûÀÎ »ç°í´Â ÀÌ·ÐÀûÀ¸·Î ÀÌÇØµÇÁö ¾Ê´Â °æ¿ì°¡ ¸¹°í, º»Àεµ ÀÌ·± »ç°í°¡ ÀÌÇØµÇÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù´Â »ç½ÇÀ» ¾Ë°í °íÄ¡·Á°í ÇÏÁö¸¸, Àß µÇÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù. ¶ÇÇÑ °è¼ÓÀûÀ¸·Î ÀÌ·± »ç°í¿¡ µû¸¥ ¹Ýº¹ÀûÀÎ ÇൿÀ» Çϸç, ÀÌ·± ÇൿÀ» ¼öÇàÄ¡ ¾ÊÀ» ½Ã, º»ÀÎÀÇ ÀÇÁö¿Í ¹«°üÇÏ°Ô ¸÷½Ã ºÒ¾ÈÇØÇϰí, ÃÊÁ¶ÇØÇÑ´Ù. |
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| ¿µ¹® | panic disorder | ÇÑ±Û | °øÈ²Àå¾Ö |
|---|---|---|---|
| ¼³¸í | ¹Ýº¹µÇ´Â °øÈ²¹ßÀÛ(panic attack: °©ÀÛ½º·± °øÆ÷»óÅÂÀÇ ¹ßº´)°ú ½Å°æ°ú¹ÎÀ» ³ªÅ¸³»´Â °æ¿ì¸¦ ¸»ÇÔ. °øÈ²¹ßÀÛÀº ´Üµ¶À¸·Î ÀϾ±âº¸´Ù´Â ¿À·£ ±äÀå»óÅ¿¡¼ ÁÖ±âÀûÀ¸·Î ÀϾ´Â Çö»óÀ¸·Î º¸ÀδÙ. °øÈ²¹ßÀÛÀÇ Áõ»óÀº ±Þ°ÝÇÑ ÀÚÀ²½Å°æÀÚ±ØÁõ»óÀ¸·Î È£Èí°ï¶õ, ½ÉÀå¹Úµ¿Ç×Áø, ÈäºÎÅëÁõ, ÈäºÎ¾Ð¹Ú°¨, Áú½Ä°¨, Çö±âÁõ, ºÒ¾ÈÁ¤ÇÑ ´À³¦ µîÀÌ´Ù. ´ë°³ °©ÀÚ±â ÀϾ ¼öºÐµ¿¾È Áö¼ÓÇß´Ù°¡ ¼Ò½ÇµÇ´Â °ÍÀÌ º¸ÅëÀÌ´Ù. µå¹°°Ô´Â ¼ö½Ã°£ Áö¼ÓµÇ±âµµ ÇÑ´Ù. °øÈ²¹ßÀÛÀº ÁÖ±âÀûÀ¸·Î ¹Ýº¹µÇ¸é¼ ¸¸¼ºÈÇÏ´Â °æÇâÀÌ ¸¹´Ù. ½Å°æ°ú¹ÎÀº °øÈ²¹ßÀÛÀÌ ¾ø´Â ½Ã±âÀÇ Áõ»óÀÌ´Ù. °¨´çŰ ¾î·Á¿î °øÈ²¹ßÀÛ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¿¹±âºÒ¾È(±× ÀÏÀÌ ÀϾÁö ¾ÊÀ»±î ÇÏ´Â ´À³¦ ¶§¹®¿¡ ¿À´Â ºÒ¾È)ÀÌ ÀÖ°í ±× ¶§¹®¿¡ Á¶½É½º·¯¿öÁö°í ÁÖÀ§¸¦ »ìÇǴ ŵµµµ ³ªÅ¸³ª¼ ½Å°æÀº ±Øµµ·Î ³¯Ä«·Î¿öÁø´Ù. °øÆ÷Àå¾Ö¿¡¼µµ ÀÌ·± °øÈ²¹ßÀÛÀÌ ¿Ã ¼ö ÀÖÀ¸³ª, ÀÌ °æ¿ì´Â Ưº°ÇÑ ´ë»óÀ̳ª »óȲÀÌ ÀÖ´Â °Í¿¡ ¹ÝÇØ °øÈ²Àå¾Ö´Â ÀÌ·± Ưº°ÇÑ »ç°Ç¾øÀÌ ÁÖ±âÀûÀ¸·Î ¹ß»ýÇÑ´Ù. Ä¡·á´Â Ç׺ҾÈÁ¦¿Í ¶§·Î´Â Ç׿ì¿ïÁ¦¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÑ´Ù. |
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| ¿µ¹® | antisocial personality disorder | ÇÑ±Û | ¹Ý»çȸÀûÀΰÝÀå¾Ö |
|---|---|---|---|
| ¼³¸í | Áö¼ÓÀûÀ¸·Î ±×¸®°í ¸¸¼ºÀûÀ¸·Î ¹Ý»çȸÀûÀÎ ÇൿÀ» ÇÏ´Â Á¤½Å°úÀû º´. ´Ù¸¥ »ç¶÷¿¡°Ô Áø½Ç¼ºÀÌ ¾ø°í ´Ù¸¥ »ç¶÷ÀÇ ±Ç¸®³ª ÇÇÇØ¿¡´Â ÀüÇô ¹«°¨°¢ÇÏ°í ´ÜÁö ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ Ãæµ¿°ú ¿å±¸¿¡ ÀÇÇØ¼ ÇൿÀ» ÇÑ´Ù. ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ½Ç¼ö¿¡ ´ëÇØ¼ ´Ù¸¥ »ç¶÷ÀÌ Ãæ°íÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ» ÂüÁö¸øÇϰí Ç×»ó ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ¸¶À½´ë·Î¸¸ ÇÑ´Ù. |
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| CD | cadaver donor; canine distemper; canine dose; carbohydrate dehydratase; carbon dioxide; cardiac dise... |
|---|---|
| BD | barbital-dependent; barbiturate dependence; base deficit; base of prism down; basophilic degeneratio... |
| DD | dangerous drug; data definition; day of delivery; degenerated disc; degenerative disease; delusional... |
| PAD | pain and distress; patient surface axis depth; percutaneous abscess drainage; percutaneous automated... |
| SPD | schizotypal personality disorder; sociopathic personality disorder; specific paroxysmal discharge; s... |
| ASD | Acute Stress Disorder |
|---|---|
| AD | Affective disorder |
| AUD | Alcohol Use Disorder |
| AUDIT | Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test |
| APD | Antisocial Personality Disorder |
| gene disorder | Hereditary disorder caused by a mutant allele of a single gene (e.g., Duchenne muscular dystrophy, retinoblastoma, sickle cell disease). Compare polygenic disorders. (05 Mar 2000) |
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| single gene disorder | Hereditary disorder caused by a mutant allele of a single gene (for example, Duchenne muscular dystrophy, retinoblastoma, sickle cell disease). Compare: polygenic disorders. (09 Oct 1997) |
|---|---|
| affective personality disorder | A disturbance of feelings or mood expressed as a milder form of depression and related emotional features that colour the whole psychic life and for which psychosocial stressors are believed to play the major role. (05 Mar 2000) |
| alcohol amnestic disorder | <psychiatry> A mental disorder with brain damage characterised by amnesia, compensatory confabulation, disturbance of attention, and peripheral neuritis. It is usually associated with alcoholism and dietary deficiencies. (12 Dec 1998) |
| antisocial personality disorder | <psychiatry> An individual who engages in deviant behaviour with lack of remorse. (13 Jan 1998) |
| asthenic personality disorder | A personality type characterised by low energy level, easy fatigability, incapacity for enjoyment, lack of enthusiasm, and oversensitivity to physical and emotional stress. When appearing in marked form it becomes a psychological disorder (asthenic personality disorder), also called dependent personality. Synonym: asthenic personality disorder, dependent personality disorder. (05 Mar 2000) |
| attention deficit disorder | An inability to control behaviour due to difficulty in processing neural stimuli. (12 Dec 1998) |
| attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity | A behaviour disorder originating in childhood in which the essential features are signs of developmentally inappropriate inattention, impulsivity, and hyperactivity. Although most individuals have symptoms of both inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity, one or the other pattern may be predominant. The disorder is more frequent in males than females. Onset is in childhood. Symptoms often attenuate during late adolescence although a minority experience the full complement of symptoms into mid-adulthood. (12 Dec 1998) |
| attention deficit hyperactivity disorder | <psychiatry> A condition seen in children where there is increased motor activity in association with poor attention span. Often treated with amphetamine medications. (27 Sep 1997) |
| autistic disorder | autism, infantile autism |
| autonomic disorder | Disorganization of autonomic processes. (05 Mar 2000) |
| avoidant disorder of adolescence | A mental disorder occurring in childhood or adolescence characterised by an excessive shrinking away from contact with people who are unfamiliar. Synonym: avoidant disorder of adolescence. (05 Mar 2000) |
| avoidant disorder of childhood | A mental disorder occurring in childhood or adolescence characterised by an excessive shrinking away from contact with people who are unfamiliar. Synonym: avoidant disorder of adolescence. (05 Mar 2000) |
| behaviour disorder | General term used to denote mental illness or psychological dysfunction, specifically those mental, emotional, or behavioural subclasses for which organic correlates do not exist. See: antisocial personality disorder. (05 Mar 2000) |
| bipolar disorder | <psychiatry> Perviously referred to as manic depressive illness, characterised by the occurrence of mania (euphoria) alternating with bouts of depression. (19 Jan 1998) |
| body dysmorphic disorder | A psychosomatic (somatoform) disorder characterised by preoccupation with some imagined defect in appearance in a normal-appearing person. Synonym: dysmorphophobia. (05 Mar 2000) |
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