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FHR Foetal heart rate
IUGR Intrauterine foetal growth retardation
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foetal Of or pertaining to a foetus, pertaining to in utero development after the embryonic period.
(18 Nov 1997)
foetal adrenal cortex An extensive area of the adrenal gland present in primates during foetal life and for a short period after birth; located between the definitive cortex and the medulla, it contains large steroid-secreting cells arranged in a reticular pattern; involution of this zone in humans is largely completed by three months after birth.
Synonym: androgenic zone, foetal reticularis, foetal zone, provisional cortex.
(05 Mar 2000)
foetal age Age estimated by anatomic development since implantation, the degree of anatomic, physiologic, mental, and emotional maturation.
Synonym: foetal age.
(05 Mar 2000)
foetal alcohol effects A softer diagnosis than foetal alcohol syndrome (FAS). The diagnosis of possible FAE is considered when: 1. The person has some signs of FAS; 2. The person does not meet all of the necessary criteria for FAS; and 3. There is a history of alcohol exposure before birth.
(12 Dec 1998)
foetal alcohol syndrome <syndrome> The most common cause of defective cerebral development in industrialised nations, affecting 1 in 700 live births in the United States. This clinical syndrome results from the direct toxic effects of alcohol on the developing foetus. Growth retardation, mental retardation, small brain and heart valve lesions are common. Infants can be identified by close set eyes, small head, small nasal bridge, reduction in the vermilion border of the upper lip, eye folds and small teeth.
(27 Sep 1997)
foetal anoxia Foetal oxygen deficiency.
(12 Dec 1998)
foetal aspiration syndrome <syndrome> A syndrome resulting from uterine aspiration of amniotic fluid and meconium by the foetus, usually caused by hypoxia and often leading to aspiration pneumonia.
(05 Mar 2000)
foetal attitude Relationship of one foetal part to another.
Synonym: foetal attitude.
(05 Mar 2000)
foetal blood Blood of the foetus. Exchange of nutrients and waste between the foetal and maternal blood occurs via the placenta. The cord blood is blood contained in the umbilical vessels at the time of delivery.
(12 Dec 1998)
foetal bradycardia A foetal heart rate of less than 100 beats per minute.
(05 Mar 2000)
foetal calf serum <cell culture> The serum originating from embryonic calves and an expensive component of standard culture media for many types of animal tissue cells.
It is used as an important part of growth media for promoting the growth of tissue cultures. It provides a source of growth hormones and other growth factors.
(11 Nov 1997)
foetal circulation The blood circulation in the foetus before birth. Before birth, the blood from the heart headed for the lungs in the aptly named pulmonary artery is shunted away from the lungs and returned to the greatest of arteries, the aorta. This arterial shunting occurs through a short vessel called the ductus arteriosus. When the shunt is open, it is said to be patent (pronounced pá tent). The ductus arteriosus usually tourniquets itself off at or shortly after birth. After closure of the ductus, blood is permitted from that time on to course freely to the lungs. Sometimes, however, the patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) persists and simply will not close by itself. Surgery is then done to ligate (tie off) the ductus PDA ligation is a closed-heart operation. Historically, it was one of the earliest surgical procedures performed in children with cardiovascular disease.
(12 Dec 1998)
foetal cotyledon A unit of the foetal placenta supplied by the vessels of a stem villus; several such cotyledon's may occur between two placental septa; traditionally called embryologists' cotyledon.
(05 Mar 2000)
foetal death <radiology> No foetal movement, no foetal heart movement, scalp oedema, Spalding's sign, hyperextended spine, thrombus within heart
(12 Dec 1998)
foetal death rate The number of foetal deaths divided by the sum of live births and foetal deaths occurring in the same population during the same time period.
Synonym: stillbirth rate.
(05 Mar 2000)
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baby, foetal alcohol syndrome <syndrome> Alcohol is capable of causing birth defects. FAS (foetal alcohol syndrome) always involves brain damage. And impaired growth. FAS also always involves head and face abnormalities. No amount of alcohol has been proven safe during pregnancy. Women who are or may become pregnant are advised to avoid alcohol.
(12 Dec 1998)
baseline foetal heart rate <paediatrics> The average heart rate for a particular foetus during the diastolic phase of uterine contractions.
(05 Mar 2000)
baseline variability of foetal heart rate The beat-to-beat changes in foetal heart rate as recorded on a graph.
(05 Mar 2000)
rate, foetal mortality The ratio of foetal deaths divided by the sum of the births (the live births + the foetal deaths) in that year. In the united states, the foetal mortality rate plummeted from 19.2 per 1,000 births in 1950 to 9.2 per 1,000 births in 1980.
(12 Dec 1998)
marked foetal bradycardia A foetal heart rate less than 100 beats per minute.
(05 Mar 2000)
version, foetal The manual conversion of or changing of the polarity of the foetus with reference to the mother.
(12 Dec 1998)
maternal-foetal exchange Exchange of substances between the maternal blood and the foetal blood through the placental barrier. It excludes microbial or viral transmission.
(12 Dec 1998)
persistent foetal circulation syndrome <syndrome> A syndrome of persistent pulmonary hypertension in the newborn infant, without demonstrable cardiac disease. It is characterised by cyanosis and acidosis, severe pulmonary vasoconstriction, hypertrophy of pulmonary arterial muscle, and elevated pulmonary vascular resistance, with resultant right-to-left shunting of blood through a patent ductus arteriosus and at times a patent foramen ovale.
(12 Dec 1998)
circulation, foetal The blood circulation in the foetus (the unborn baby). Before birth, the blood from the heart that is destined (in the pulmonary artery) for the lungs is shunted away from the lungs and returned to the greatest of arteries (the aorta). The shunt is through a short vessel called the ductus arteriosus. When this shunt is open, it is said to be a patent (pronounced pá tent) ductus arteriosus (PDA). The PDA usually closes at or shortly after birth and blood is permitted to course freely to the lungs.
(12 Dec 1998)
mild foetal bradycardia A foetal heart rate less than 120 beats per minute.
(05 Mar 2000)
mortality rate, foetal The ratio of foetal deaths to the sum of the births (the live births + the foetal deaths) in that year. In the united states, the foetal mortality rate plummeted from 19.2 per 1,000 births in 1950 to 9.2 per 1,000 births in 1980.
(12 Dec 1998)
heart rate, foetal The heart rate of the foetus. The normal range at term is between 120 and 160 beats per minute.
(12 Dec 1998)
hereditary persistence of foetal haemoglobin <haematology> Hereditary persistence of foetal haemoglobin is a genetic condition where adult types of haemoglobin fail to develop and the types of haemoglobin the individual had as a foetus remains present well past the point when they would normally have stopped being produced.
(09 Oct 1997)
hypoplastic foetal chondrodystrophy A developmental error of the epiphyses characterised by severe deformities, epiphyses ossified from several discrete centres and with a stippled appearance, and thickened shafts of the long bones; congenital cataract and mental retardation are often present. There is an autosomal dominant form and an autosomal recessive form.
Synonym: chondrodysplasia punctata, chondrodystrophia calcificans congenita, hypoplastic foetal chondrodystrophy, stippled epiphysis.
(05 Mar 2000)
syndrome, foetal alcohol The sum total of a person's problems caused by maternal alcohol intake during pregancy.
(12 Dec 1998)
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foetal of or relating to a fetus
foetal the system of blood vessels and structures through which blood moves in a fetus
foetal an abnormal condition of a fetus
foetal an electronic monitor that monitors fetal heartbeat and the mother's uterine contractions during childbirth
foetal motion of a fetus within the uterus (usually detected by the 16th week of pregnancy)
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