| ¿µ¹® | toxin | ÇÑ±Û | µ¶¼Ò |
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| ¿µ¹® | diphtheria | ÇÑ±Û | µðÇÁÅ׸®¾Æ |
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| ¼³¸í | µðÇÁÅ׸®¾Æ±ÕÀÌ ±âµµÀÇ »óºÎ¿¡ ´Þ¶óºÙ¾î µ¶¼Ò¸¦ ¹ß»êÇÏ¿© ±× ºÎÀ§ÀÇ ¼¼Æ÷¸¦ ÆÄ±«ÇÏ°í ±× ¼Ó¿¡¼ Áõ½ÄÇÏ¸é¼ µ¶¼Ò¸¦ ¼øÈ¯Ç÷¾× ¼ÓÀ¸·Î º¸³»¾î ½ÉÀå, ¸»ÃÊ½Å°æ µîÀÇ ¿ø°ÝÀå±â ¹× Á¶Á÷ÀÇ ±â´ÉÀ» ÀúÇØÇÏ´Â º´À» À̸£´Â ¸». ÀÌ º´À» ÀÏÀ¸Å°´Â º´¿øÃ¼ÀÇ Á¤½Ä ¸íĪÀº Corynebacterium diphtheriaeÀε¥, ±× º´¿ø±ÕÀÌ »ý»êÇÏ´Â µ¶¼Ò°¡ ¾ÆÁÖ Ä¡¸íÀûÀÎ È¿°ú¸¦ ³ªÅ¸³½´Ù. »ç¶÷ÀÇ °¨¿°¿¡¼µµ ±× µ¶¼ÒÀÇ µ¶¼ºÀÌ °¡Àå ¹®Á¦°¡ µÇ´Âµ¥ ÀÌ µ¶¼ÒÀÇ µ¶¼ºÀº ¸Å¿ì °ÇÏ¿© µ¶¼Ò 0.0001mgÀ¸·Î Á¦¹ý Å« Á㸦 Á×ÀÏ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. »ó±âµµ·Î ħÀÔÇÏ¿© ±×°÷¿¡ ÇϾá»öÀÇ °ÅÁþ¸·(pseudomembrane)À» Çü¼ºÇÔÀ¸·Î½á È£Èí°ï¶õÀ» ÀÏÀ¸Å²´Ù. À§¸·Àº â¹éÇÑ ºû±òÀ» ¶í µÎÅÍ¿î Á¶Á÷Àε¥ Á×Àº µðÇÁÅ׸®¾Æ±Õ, µ¶¼Ò ¶§¹®¿¡ Á×Àº ¼¼Æ÷¿Í ±×°Í¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¹ÝÀÀÀ¸·Î Á¦ÀÛµÈ ¼¶À¯¼º ¹°Áú µîÀ¸·Î ÀÌ·ç¾îÁ® ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ Á¶Á÷Àº ÇϺÎÁ¶Á÷°ú ´Ü´ÜÈ÷ °áºÎµÇ¾î ÀÖ¾î¼ ¾ïÁö·Î ¹Ú¸®Çϸé ÃâÇ÷ÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌ À§¸·ÀÌ ÀÎÈĵο¡¼ ±â°üÁö¿¡±îÁö ÆÄ±ÞµÇ¾î È£Èí°ï¶õÀ» ÀÏÀ¸Å²´Ù. ¼º±â, ´«, ±Í µîÀÌ Á¦1Â÷ º´¼Ò·Î µÇ´Â ¼öµµ ÀÖ´Ù. µðÇÁÅ׸®¾Æ µ¶¼Ò´Â ¼¼Æ÷ ¼ÓÀ¸·Î ħÀÔÇÏ¿© ¼¼Æ÷ÀÇ ±â´ÉÀ» Á¤Áö½Ã۴µ¥, ƯÈ÷ ½ÉÀå±Ù¼¼Æ÷¿Í ¸»ÃʽŰ濡¼ Àå¾Ö¸¦ ÀÏÀ¸Å°´Â ¿¹°¡ ¸¹´Ù. Àẹ±â´Â 1~7ÀÏÀ̸ç ÃʱâÁõ»óÀº ¾î´À ºÎÀ§¿¡ À§¸·ÀÌ Çü¼ºµÇ¾ú´ÂÁö ¿©ºÎ¿Í ±× À§¸· Çü¼ºÀÌ ¾î´À Á¤µµÀÇ ¹üÀ§¿¡ ¹ÌÄ¡´Â°¡¿¡ µû¶ó¼ °áÁ¤µÈ´Ù. µðÇÁÅ׸®¾Æ°¡ »ý»êÇÏ´Â µ¶¼Ò°¡ µðÇÁÅ׸®¾Æ°¡ ÀÏÀ¸Å°´Â ¹®Á¦ Áß¿¡¼ °¡Àå Å« ¿øÀÎÀ» Â÷ÁöÇϰí ÀÖÀ¸¹Ç·Î ±× µ¶¼ÒÀÇ »ý¹°ÇÐÀû ±â´ÉÀ» ¾ø¾Ö´Â Ç×ü¸¦ ¸¸µé¾î¼ Åõ¿©ÇÏ´Â Ç×Ç÷û¿ä¹ýÀÌ ½ÃÇàµÇ¾î¼ Ä¡¸íÀ²Àº 3~20%·Î ³·¾ÆÁ³À¸³ª Èĵθ¦ ħ¹ü´çÇÑ Áõ·ÊÀÇ °æ¿ì¿¡´Â ¾ÆÁ÷µµ Ä¡»çÀ²ÀÌ ³ô´Ù. µðÇÁÅ׸®¾Æ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¿¹¹æÁ¢Á¾À¸·Î À¯º´ÀÚ°¡ ÁÙ¾úÀ¸¸ç Ä¡»çÀ²µµ 10ºÐÀÇ 1·Î ÁÙ¾ú´Ù. |
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| ¿µ¹® | test | ÇÑ±Û | °Ë»ç |
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| ¼³¸í | ¾î¶² ´Ù¸¥ ¹°ÁúÀ» °ËÃâ, ÃøÁ¤, »ý¼ºÇϱâ À§ÇÑ Æ¯Á¤ÇÑ ÈÇйÝÀÀÀ» ÀÏÀ¸Å°´Âµ¥ »ç¿ëµÇ´Â ¹æ¹ý. |
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| ¿µ¹® | scratch test | ÇÑ±Û | ³Àý¹ý |
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| ¼³¸í | ÇǺθ¦ ³¯Ä«·Î¿î ¹Ù´Ã·Î ±Ü¾î ÇǺÎÀÇ ¹ÝÀÀÀ» º¸´Â °Ë»ç·Î ÇǺΠ°ú¹Î¹ÝÀÀÀ̳ª ¾Ë·¹¸£±â¸¦ ¾Ë¾Æº¸±â À§ÇÑ °Ë»çÀÌ´Ù. ¹Ù´Ã³¡¿¡ Ç׿øÀ» ¹¯Èù µÚ, ÇǺιØÀ» ±Ü¾î ¹ÝÀÀÀ» ¾Ë¾Æº»´Ù. À̶§ Ç׿øÀÌ ¾Æ´Ñ ´ëÁ¶¹°Áú(¿¹¸¦ µé¾î º¸ÅëÀÇ ¹°)À» ¹¯Èù ¹Ù´ÃÀ» °°ÀÌ ¹ÝÀÀÇÏ¿© ÇǺ馱âÁõ(dermographism) ´ÜÁö ¹Ù´ÃÀÇ ±ÜÈû¸¸À¸·Î ¾Ë·¹¸£±â °°Àº ¹ÝÀÀÀ» ÀÏÀ¸Å°´Â Çö»ó°ú °¨º°ÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ³Ã», û·Â¼Ò½Ç(hearing loss) û°¢ÀÌ ÀúÇÏ ¶Ç´Â »ó½ÇµÈ »óÅÂ. ¿øÀΰú Á¤µµ´Â ¿©·¯ °¡ÁöÀε¥, ³Ã»Àº ±× Á¤µµ°¡ °¡Àå ½ÉÇÑ »óÅÂÀÌ´Ù. û°¢ÀÇ Àüµµ°æ·Î¿¡ Àå¾Ö°¡ ÀÖÀ» ¶§ ³Ã»ÀÌ ÀϾ°í, ±× º´ÅͰ¡ ¿ÜÀ̵µ³ª ÁßÀÌ¿¡ ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀ» ÀüÀ½³Ã», ³»ÀÌ¿¡ ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀ» °¨À½ ³Ã»À̶ó ÇÏ¿© ±¸ºÐÇÑ´Ù. ¶Ç º´ÅÍÀÇ ÀÚ¸®¸¦ ¸í½ÃÇÏ¿© ÁßÀ̼º ³Ã»À̳ª ¹Ì·Î¼º ³Ã» µîÀ¸·Î ¼¼ºÐÇϱ⵵ ÇÑ´Ù. |
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| ¿µ¹® | stool guaiac test | ÇÑ±Û | ´ëº¯ ±¸¾ÆÀÌ¾Ç °Ë»ç |
|---|---|---|---|
| ¼³¸í | ´ëº¯³»¿¡ ÀÖÀ» ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ÀáÇ÷(´«¿¡ º¸ÀÌÁö ¾Ê´Â ÃâÇ÷)À¯¹«¸¦ °Ë»çÇÏ´Â ¹æ¹ýÀ¸·Î, Ç÷±¸³»ÀÇ heme peroxidase¿¡ ÀÇÇØ guaiacÀÌ »êȵǴ ¹ÝÀÀÀ» ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¿© ÃøÁ¤ÇÑ´Ù. ¹æ¹ýÀº 3Àϰ£¿¡ °ÉÃÄ ÇÑ º¯¿¡¼ 2±ºµ¥¾¿ äÃëÇÏ¿© °Ë»çÇÑ´Ù. À§¾ç¼º ¹ÝÀÀ(°ÅÁþÀ¸·Î Ç÷¾×ÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù°í ³ªÅ¸³ª´Â ¹ÝÀÀ)Àº ½Ä¹° °ú»êÈÈ¿¼Ò¸¦ ÇÔÀ¯Çϰí ÀÖ´Â È«´ç¹«ÀÇ ¼·Ã볪 Ç÷±¸ ¼ººÐÀ» ÇÔÀ¯Çϰí ÀÖ´Â °í±â ¼·Ãë µî¿¡¼ ³ªÅ¸³¯ ¼ö ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, À§À½¼º ¹ÝÀÀ(½ÇÁ¦·Î Ç÷¾×Àº ÀÖÁö¸¸, Ç÷¾×ÀÌ ¾ø´Ù°í ³ªÅ¸³ª´Â ¹ÝÀÀ)Àº ȯ¿ø·ÂÀ» °¡Áö°í ÀÖ´Â ºñŸ¹Î CÀÇ º¹¿ë½Ã ³ªÅ¸³¯ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ƯÈ÷ À§¾ç¼º ¹ÝÀÀÀÌ ¸Å¿ì ÈçÇÏ´Ù. |
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| TAT | 1) Thematic Apperception Test; ÁÖÁ¦ Åë°¢ °Ë»ç 2) (Equine) Tetanus Anti-Toxin; Ç×... |
|---|---|
| CT | calcitonin; calf testis; cardiac tamponade; cardiothoracic [ratio]; carotid tracing; carpal tunnel; ... |
| ET | educational therapy; effective temperature; ejection time; embryo transfer; endothelin; endotoxin; e... |
| TAT | tetanus antitoxin; thematic apperception test; thematic aptitude test; thrombin-antithrombin complex... |
| DAT | delayed-action tablet; dementia Alzheimer's type; dental aptitude test; diacetylthiamine; diet as to... |
| DT | Diphtheria Toxin |
|---|---|
| DTX | Diphtheria toxin |
| DtxR | Diphtheria toxin repressor |
| DT-A | diphtheria toxin |
| DT-A | diphtheria toxin A |
| Schick test toxin | Corynebacterium diphtheriae toxin diluted so that the inoculated dose (0.1 or 0.2 ml) will contain 1/50 th of guinea pig minimal lethal dose. See: Schick test. Synonym: diagnostic diphtheria toxin. (05 Mar 2000) |
|---|---|
| diagnostic diphtheria toxin | Corynebacterium diphtheriae toxin diluted so that the inoculated dose (0.1 or 0.2 ml) will contain 1/50 th of guinea pig minimal lethal dose. See: Schick test. Synonym: diagnostic diphtheria toxin. (05 Mar 2000) |
| diphtheria toxin | <protein> An ab exotoxin (62 kD) coded by _ corynephage of virulent Corynebacterium diphtheriae strains (that can produce a repressor of toxin production). The B subunit binds to receptors on the surface of the target cell and facilitates the entry of the enzymically active A subunit (21 kD) that ADP ribosylates elongation factor 2, thereby halting mRNA translation. (18 Nov 1997) |
| Schick test | A test for susceptibility to Corynebacterium diphtheriae toxin: 0.1 ml of Schick test toxin is injected into the skin of one forearm (test site) and the same quantity of the same, but heat-inactivated, material into the skin of the other forearm (control site); individuals with toxin-neutralizing antibodies either will have no reaction at either injection site (negative test) or may have a pseudoreaction due to antibodies for substances (antigens) in the test materials other than diphtheria toxin; individuals lacking toxin-neutralizing antibodies may have a positive reaction, which consists of an area of redness appearing 24 to 36 hours at the test site only and persisting for 4 to 5 days. Synonym: Schick method. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Schick | Bela, Austrian paediatrician in U.S., 1877-1967. See: Schick method, Schick test, Schick test toxin. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Schick method | A test for susceptibility to Corynebacterium diphtheriae toxin: 0.1 ml of Schick test toxin is injected into the skin of one forearm (test site) and the same quantity of the same, but heat-inactivated, material into the skin of the other forearm (control site); individuals with toxin-neutralizing antibodies either will have no reaction at either injection site (negative test) or may have a pseudoreaction due to antibodies for substances (antigens) in the test materials other than diphtheria toxin; individuals lacking toxin-neutralizing antibodies may have a positive reaction, which consists of an area of redness appearing 24 to 36 hours at the test site only and persisting for 4 to 5 days. Synonym: Schick method. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Dick test toxin | A culture filtrate of lysogenised group A strains of beta-haemolytic streptococci, erythrogenic when inoculated into the skin of susceptible persons, and neutralised by antibodies that appear during scarlet fever convalescence; three immunological types (A, B, and C) are recognised. Synonym: Dick test toxin, erythrogenic toxin, scarlet fever erythrogenic toxin. (05 Mar 2000) |
| avian diphtheria | An infection by the fowlpox virus in which tracheal involvement is especially severe. See: fowlpox. Synonym: fowl diphtheria. (05 Mar 2000) |
| calf diphtheria | A necrotic oropharyngolaryngitis of calves associated with Fusobacterium necrophorum infection that may spread to the lungs. (05 Mar 2000) |
| cutaneous diphtheria | An ulcer resulting from infection of the skin by Corynebacterium diphtheriae; systemic manifestations are the same as those of pharyngeal diphtheria. (05 Mar 2000) |
| diphtheria | <infectious disease> An acute infectious disease caused by toxigenic strains of Corynebacterium diphtheriae, acquired by contact with an infected person or a carrier of the disease, which is usually confined to the upper respiratory tract. It is characterised by the formation of a tough membrane (false membrane or pseudomembrane) attached firmly to the underlying tissue that will bleed if forcibly removed. In the most serious infections the membrane begins in the tonsillar (faucial) area on one tonsil and may spread to involve the other tonsil, uvula, soft palate and pharyngeal wall, from where it may extend to the larynx, trachea and bronchial tree and may cause bronchial obstruction and death by hypoxia. Diphtheria also occurs in a cutaneous form and may rarely involve the eyes, middle ear, buccal mucosa, genitalia and umbilical stump, usually secondarily. Systemic effects, chiefly myocarditis and peripheral neuritis, are caused by the exotoxin produced by C. Diphtheriae. Synonym: Bretonneau's angina. Origin: Gr. Diphthera = leather (18 Nov 1997) |
| diphtheria antitoxin | An equine antitoxin against the toxin of corynebacterium diphtheriae, used for the treatment of diphtheria. It is to be differentiated from diphtheria toxoid which is used for the prevention of diphtheria. (12 Dec 1998) |
| diphtheria antitoxin unit | The antitoxin activity of 0.0628 mg standard diphtheria antitoxin. (05 Mar 2000) |
| diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis vaccine | A vaccine consisting of diphtheria toxoid, tetanus toxoid, and pertussis vaccine. It is usually given to infants three times at two-month intervals, generally at 2, 4, and 6 months of age. The vaccine protects against diphtheria, tetanus, and whooping cough. In most cases the vaccine causes only a temporary fever and discomfort, but in a few cases serious neurological side effects have been observed. (12 Dec 1998) |
| diphtheria toxoid | The formaldehyde-inactivated toxin of corynebacterium diphtheriae. It is generally used in mixtures with tetanus toxoid and pertussis vaccine (dtp) or with tetanus toxoid alone (dt for paediatric use and td, which contains 5- to 10-fold less diphtheria toxoid, for other use). Diphtheria toxoid is used for the prevention of diphtheria; diphtheria antitoxin is for treatment. (12 Dec 1998) |
| diphtheria toxin for Schick test |
The toxin used for determining immunity to diphtheria. SEE: Schick test.
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