| 영문 | nitrogenous waste | 한글 | 질소폐기물 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 인체내 소화기관으로 넘어온 음식물은 크게 탄수화물, 지방, 단백질 3가지로 대분된다. 이중 단백질은 질소성분이 포함되어 있어 대사과정에서 질소폐기물을 생성하게 된다. 이런 질소폐기물은 인체내에 유해하여 꼭 체외로 방출되어져야 하는데, 이런 작용을 콩팥에서 수행한다. 예를 들면, 대표적인 질소폐기물로써 요소가 있는데, 단백질은 분해되어져 간에서 요소로 바뀌어지고, 생성된 요소는 신장을 거쳐 소변으로 배설된다. |
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| 영문 | dental caries | 한글 | 충치, 치아우식증 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 치아의 조직이 세균에 의해 용해내지 파괴되어 점차 통증을 나타내다가 치아를 잃게 되는 하나의 세균성 병이라고 볼 수 있다. 우리나라에서는 영구치의 충치 이환율이 약 80%로, 한 사람이 2~3개의 충치를 갖고 있는 셈이며, 구강 보건상태는 도시, 농촌지역, 해안지역 순으로 좋다. 원인은 치태(dental plaque)로서, 이것은 점액이나 탈락한 잇몸의 세포들, 그리고 세균 등으로 이루어져 있으며, 점착성이 강하여 치아 표면에 잘 부착되어 양치질이나 칫솔질로는 쉽게 제거되지 않는다. 치태에는 그물모양의 구조내에 막대균과 알균이 섞여 있는데, 특히 내산성 사슬알균과 젖산균이 많다. 현재 가장 유력한 충치의 원인균으로 밝혀지고 있는 이 사슬알균은 설탕을 합성하는 능력을 가지고 있으며, 덱스트란(dextran)을 형성한다고 생각되는데, 이 덱스트란은 물에 녹지 않으며 끈적거리는 점착성이 있어 치태가 치아표면에 잘 붙어 있게 한다. 이 사슬알균은 설탕으로부터 유기산과 치태를 형성한다. 치태 중에는 사슬알균이 생산하는 산이 정체되어 있기 때문에, 이 산에 의해 치아 표면의 단단한 석회질을 녹인다. 대부분이 인산칼슘으로 구성되어 있는 치아의 표면은 산에 의해 칼슘이 분해되어 치아 표면이 거칠어지면서 충치가 진행된다. 이와 같이 세균과 이 세균이 생산하는 화학적 물질에 의해서 충치가 생긴다는 가설을 세균-화학설이라고 한다. 충치의 발생원인에는 이 세균-화학설 이외에도 미생물이 치아표면의 유기질 부위에 먼저 부착되어 산을 만들어 파괴시킨다는 단백용해설도 있으며, 또한 산에 의하지 않는 치아의 파괴, 음식물이 원인이 된다고 주장하는 학설도 있다. 설탕은 충치를 가장 잘 유발시키는 물질로, 섭취 빈도에 따라 충치가 증가한다는 것이 증명되고 있다. 비타민은 충치 요인에 그리 중요하지 않은 것으로 보이며 음식물 내에 존재하는 칼슘과 인 또한 중요하지 않다고 한다. 유전적 소인은 중요한 역할을 하리라 생각되지만 증명하기가 어렵다. |
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| HAZWOPER | Hazardous Waste Operation and Emergency Response [of OSHA] |
|---|---|
| DDS | damaged disc syndrome; dendrodendritic synaptosome; dental distress syndrome; depressed DNA synthesi... |
| AADE | American Association of Dental Editors; American Association of Dental Examiners |
| CDA | Canadian Dental Association; Certified Dental Assistant; chenodeoxycholic acid; ciliary dyskinesia a... |
| DP | data processing; deep pulse; definitive procedure; degradation product; degree of polymerization; de... |
| MSW | Municipal Solid Waste |
|---|---|
| MSWI | Municipal Solid Waste Incinerator |
| OMW | olive mill waste water |
| ADA | American Dental Association |
| CDA | California Dental Association |
| dental waste | Any waste product generated by a dental office, surgery, clinic, or laboratory including amalgams, saliva, and rinse water. (12 Dec 1998) |
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| aerobic waste treatment | The used of aerobic microbes to break down raw sewage. (09 Oct 1997) |
|---|---|
| radioactive waste | <radiobiology> Equipment and materials from nuclear operations which are radioactive and for which there is no further anticipated use. Wastes are generally classified as high-level (having radioactivity concentrations of hundreds to thousands of curies per gallon or cubic foot), low-level (in the range of 1 microcurie per gallon or cubic foot), or intermediate (between high and low). See: curie. (09 Oct 1997) |
| medical waste | Blood, mucus, tissue removed at surgery or autopsy, soiled surgical dressings, and other materials requiring special disposal procedures. (12 Dec 1998) |
| medical waste disposal | Management, removal, and elimination of biologic, infectious, pathologic, and dental waste. The concept includes blood, mucus, tissue removed at surgery or autopsy, soiled surgical dressings, and other materials requiring special control and handling. Disposal may take place where the waste is generated or elsewhere. (12 Dec 1998) |
| waste | 1. Desolate; devastated; stripped; bare; hence, dreary; dismal; gloomy; cheerless. "The dismal situation waste and wild." (Milton) "His heart became appalled as he gazed forward into the waste darkness of futurity." (Sir W. Scott) 2. Lying unused; unproductive; worthless; valueless; refuse; rejected; as, waste land; waste paper. "But his waste words returned to him in vain." (Spenser) "Not a waste or needless sound, Till we come to holier ground." (Milton) "Ill day which made this beauty waste." (Emerson) 3. Lost for want of occupiers or use; superfluous. "And strangled with her waste fertility." (Milton) Waste gate, a gate by which the superfluous water of a reservoir, or the like, is discharged. Waste paper. See Paper. Waste pipe, a pipe for carrying off waste, or superfluous, water or other fluids. Specifically: An escape pipe. See Escape. The outlet pipe at the bottom of a bowl, tub, sink, or the like. Waste steam. Steam which escapes the air. Exhaust steam. Waste trap, a trap for a waste pipe, as of a sink. Origin: OE. Wast, OF. Wast, from L. Vastus, influenced by the kindred German word; cf. OHG. Wuosti, G. Wust, OS. Wsti, D. Woest, AS. Weste. Cf. Vast. 1. To bring to ruin; to devastate; to desolate; to destroy. "Thou barren ground, whom winter's wrath hath wasted, Art made a mirror to behold my plight." (Spenser) "The Tiber Insults our walls, and wastes our fruitful grounds." (Dryden) 2. To wear away by degrees; to impair gradually; to diminish by constant loss; to use up; to consume; to spend; to wear out. "Until your carcasses be wasted in the wilderness." (Num. Xiv. 33) "O, were I able To waste it all myself, and leave ye none!" (Milton) "Here condemned To waste eternal days in woe and pain." (Milton) "Wasted by such a course of life, the infirmities of age daily grew on him." (Robertson) 3. To spend unnecessarily or carelessly; to employ prodigally; to expend without valuable result; to apply to useless purposes; to lavish vainly; to squander; to cause to be lost; to destroy by scattering or injury. "The younger son gathered all together, and . . . Wasted his substance with riotous living." (Luke xv. 13) "Full many a flower is born to blush unseen, And waste its sweetness on the desert air." (Gray) 4. To damage, impair, or injure, as an estate, voluntarily, or by suffering the buildings, fences, etc, to go to decay. Synonym: To squander, dissipate, lavish, desolate. Origin: OE. Wasten, OF. Waster, guaster, gaster, F. Gater to spoil, L. Vastare to devastate, to lay waste, fr. Vastus waste, desert, uncultivated, ravaged, vast, but influenced by a kindred German word; cf. OHG. Wuosten, G. Wusten, AS. Westan. See Waste. 1. The act of wasting, or the state of being wasted; a squandering; needless destruction; useless consumption or expenditure; devastation; loss without equivalent gain; gradual loss or decrease, by use, wear, or decay; as, a waste of property, time, labour, words, etc. "Waste . . . Of catel and of time." "For all this waste of wealth loss of blood." (Milton) "He will never . . . In the way of waste, attempt us again." (Shak) "Little wastes in great establishments, constantly occurring, may defeat the energies of a mighty capital." (L. Beecher) 2. That which is wasted or desolate; a devastated, uncultivated, or wild country; a deserted region; an unoccupied or unemployed space; a dreary void; a desert; a wilderness. "The wastes of Nature." "All the leafy nation sinks at last, And Vulcan rides in triumph o'er the waste." (Dryden) "The gloomy waste of waters which bears his name is his tomb and his monument." (Bancroft) 3. That which is of no value; worthless remnants; refuse. Specifically: Remnants of cops, or other refuse resulting from the working of cotton, wool, hemp, and the like, used for wiping machinery, absorbing oil in the axle boxes of railway cars, etc. 4. Spoil, destruction, or injury, done to houses, woods, fences, lands, etc, by a tenant for life or for years, to the prejudice of the heir, or of him in reversion or remainder. Waste is voluntary, as by pulling down buildings; or permissive, as by suffering them to fall for want of necessary repairs. Whatever does a lasting damage to the freehold is a waste. 5. <chemical> Old or abandoned workings, whether left as vacant space or filled with refuse. Synonym: Prodigality, diminution, loss, dissipation, destruction, devastation, havoc, desolation, ravage. Origin: OE. Waste; cf. The kindred AS. Wsten, OHG. Wsti, wuosti, G. Wuste. See Waste, &. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| waste disposal, fluid | The discarding or destroying of liquid waste products or their transformation into something useful or innocuous. (12 Dec 1998) |
| waste management | Disposal, processing, controlling, recycling, and reusing the solid, liquid, and gaseous wastes of plants, animals, humans, and other organisms. It includes control within a closed ecological system to maintain a habitable environment. (12 Dec 1998) |
| waste products | Debris resulting from a process that is of no further use to the system producing it. The concept includes materials discharged from or stored in a system in inert form as a by-product of vital activities. (12 Dec 1998) |
| waste streams | Unused solid or liquid by- products of a process. (05 Dec 1998) |
| municipal solid waste | Garbage. Refuse offering the potential for energy recovery; includes residential, commercial, and institutional wastes. (05 Dec 1998) |
| hazardous waste | Waste products which, upon release into the atmosphere, water or soil, cause health risks to humans or animals through skin contact, inhalation or ingestion. Hazardous waste sites which contain hazardous waste substances go here. (12 Dec 1998) |
| industrial waste | Worthless, damaged, defective, superfluous or effluent material from industrial operations. It represents an ecological problem and health hazard. (12 Dec 1998) |
| superior dental branches of superior dental plexus | Branches passing from the superior dental plexus to the roots of the teeth of the upper jaw. Synonym: rami dentales superiores plexus dentalis superioris. (05 Mar 2000) |
| inferior dental branches of inferior dental plexus | Branches passing from the inferior dental plexus to the roots of the teeth of the lower jaw. Synonym: rami dentales inferiores plexus dentalis inferioris. (05 Mar 2000) |
| acid etching, dental | Pretreatment of tooth surfaces with etching agents, usually phosphoric acid, to increase the adhesion of various resin systems. (12 Dec 1998) |
Synonyms : Waste, Dental, Dental Wastes, Wastes, Dental
제품명 |
판매사 |
보험코드 | 성분/함량 | 구분/보험급여 |
|---|
제품명 |
판매사 |
보험코드 | 성분/함량 | 구분/보험급여 |
|---|