| 영문 | calculus, stone | 한글 | 결석, 돌 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 비정상적으로 몸속에 생긴 돌같은 물체를 결석이라고 한다. 쓸개돌, 콩팥돌, 이자돌 따위가 있다. |
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| 영문 | dental caries | 한글 | 충치, 치아우식증 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 치아의 조직이 세균에 의해 용해내지 파괴되어 점차 통증을 나타내다가 치아를 잃게 되는 하나의 세균성 병이라고 볼 수 있다. 우리나라에서는 영구치의 충치 이환율이 약 80%로, 한 사람이 2~3개의 충치를 갖고 있는 셈이며, 구강 보건상태는 도시, 농촌지역, 해안지역 순으로 좋다. 원인은 치태(dental plaque)로서, 이것은 점액이나 탈락한 잇몸의 세포들, 그리고 세균 등으로 이루어져 있으며, 점착성이 강하여 치아 표면에 잘 부착되어 양치질이나 칫솔질로는 쉽게 제거되지 않는다. 치태에는 그물모양의 구조내에 막대균과 알균이 섞여 있는데, 특히 내산성 사슬알균과 젖산균이 많다. 현재 가장 유력한 충치의 원인균으로 밝혀지고 있는 이 사슬알균은 설탕을 합성하는 능력을 가지고 있으며, 덱스트란(dextran)을 형성한다고 생각되는데, 이 덱스트란은 물에 녹지 않으며 끈적거리는 점착성이 있어 치태가 치아표면에 잘 붙어 있게 한다. 이 사슬알균은 설탕으로부터 유기산과 치태를 형성한다. 치태 중에는 사슬알균이 생산하는 산이 정체되어 있기 때문에, 이 산에 의해 치아 표면의 단단한 석회질을 녹인다. 대부분이 인산칼슘으로 구성되어 있는 치아의 표면은 산에 의해 칼슘이 분해되어 치아 표면이 거칠어지면서 충치가 진행된다. 이와 같이 세균과 이 세균이 생산하는 화학적 물질에 의해서 충치가 생긴다는 가설을 세균-화학설이라고 한다. 충치의 발생원인에는 이 세균-화학설 이외에도 미생물이 치아표면의 유기질 부위에 먼저 부착되어 산을 만들어 파괴시킨다는 단백용해설도 있으며, 또한 산에 의하지 않는 치아의 파괴, 음식물이 원인이 된다고 주장하는 학설도 있다. 설탕은 충치를 가장 잘 유발시키는 물질로, 섭취 빈도에 따라 충치가 증가한다는 것이 증명되고 있다. 비타민은 충치 요인에 그리 중요하지 않은 것으로 보이며 음식물 내에 존재하는 칼슘과 인 또한 중요하지 않다고 한다. 유전적 소인은 중요한 역할을 하리라 생각되지만 증명하기가 어렵다. |
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| ESWL | Extracorporeal Shock-Wave Lithotripsy - Ix for Gall Stone ... |
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| DDS | damaged disc syndrome; dendrodendritic synaptosome; dental distress syndrome; depressed DNA synthesi... |
| AADE | American Association of Dental Editors; American Association of Dental Examiners |
| CDA | Canadian Dental Association; Certified Dental Assistant; chenodeoxycholic acid; ciliary dyskinesia a... |
| DP | data processing; deep pulse; definitive procedure; degradation product; degree of polymerization; de... |
| PSP | Pancreatic Stone Protein |
|---|---|
| SF | stone former |
| ADA | American Dental Association |
| CDA | California Dental Association |
| CDS | Community Dental Service |
| superior dental branches of superior dental plexus | Branches passing from the superior dental plexus to the roots of the teeth of the upper jaw. Synonym: rami dentales superiores plexus dentalis superioris. (05 Mar 2000) |
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| inferior dental branches of inferior dental plexus | Branches passing from the inferior dental plexus to the roots of the teeth of the lower jaw. Synonym: rami dentales inferiores plexus dentalis inferioris. (05 Mar 2000) |
| alum stone | <chemical> A subsulphate of alumina and potash; alunite. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| amazon stone | <chemical> A variety of feldspar, having a verdigris-green colour. Origin: Named from the river Amazon. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| artificial stone | A specially calcined gypsum derivative similar to plaster of Paris, but stronger, because the grains are nonporous. (05 Mar 2000) |
| bladder stone | A condition where small stones form within the urinary tract. See: kidney stones. (27 Sep 1997) |
| vein stone | <cardiology, pathology> A concretion or stone within a cardiovascular vein. Origin: Gr. Phlebos = vein. (11 Jun 1998) |
| Randall stone forceps | A forceps with variably curved slender blades and serrated jaws, used to extract calculi from the renal pelvis or calices. (05 Mar 2000) |
| philosopher's stone | A stone sought by the alchemists of the Middle Ages which was supposedly able to transmute base metals into gold, to make precious stone's, and to cure all ills, and thus confer longevity; it was also believed to be a universal solvent. (05 Mar 2000) |
| pulp stone | A calcified body found in the pulp chamber of a tooth; may be composed of irregular dentin (true denticle) or due to ectopic calcification of pulp tissue (false denticle). Synonym: denticle, pulp calcification, pulp calculus, pulp nodule, pulp stone. Origin: endo-+ G. Lithos, stone (05 Mar 2000) |
| purbeck stone | <geology> A limestone from the Isle of Purbeck in England. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| stone | 1. To pelt, beat, or kill with stones. "And they stoned Stephen, calling upon God, and saying, Lord Jesus, receive my spirit." (Acts vii. 59) 2. To make like stone; to harden. "O perjured woman! thou dost stone my heart." (Shak) 3. To free from stones; also, to remove the seeds of; as, to stone a field; to stone cherries; to stone raisins. 4. To wall or face with stones; to line or fortify with stones; as, to stone a well; to stone a cellar. 5. To rub, scour, or sharpen with a stone. Origin: From Stone,: cf. AS. Stnan, Goth. Stainjan. 1. Concreted earthy or mineral matter; also, any particular mass of such matter; as, a house built of stone; the boy threw a stone; pebbles are rounded stones. "Dumb as a stone." "They had brick for stone, and slime . . . For mortar." (Gen. Xi. 3) In popular language, very large masses of stone are called rocks; small masses are called stones; and the finer kinds, gravel, or sand, or grains of sand. Stone is much and widely used in the construction of buildings of all kinds, for walls, fences, piers, abutments, arches, monuments, sculpture, and the like. 2. A precious stone; a gem. "Many a rich stone." . "Inestimable stones, unvalued jewels." . 3. Something made of stone. Specifically, the glass of a mirror; a mirror. "Lend me a looking-glass; if that her breath will mist or stain the stone, Why, then she lives." (Shak) A monument to the dead; a gravestone. "Should some relenting eye Glance on the where our cold relics lie." (Pope) 4. <medicine> A calculous concretion, especially one in the kidneys or bladder; the disease arising from a calculus. 5. One of the testes; a testicle. 6. <botany> The hard endocarp of drupes; as, the stone of a cherry or peach. 7. A weight which legally is fourteen pounds, but in practice varies with the article weighed. The stone of butchers' meat or fish is reckoned at 8 lbs.; of cheese, 16 lbs.; of hemp, 32 lbs.; of glass, 5 lbs. 8. Symbol of hardness and insensibility; torpidness; insensibility; as, a heart of stone. "I have not yet forgot myself to stone." (Pope) 9. A stand or table with a smooth, flat top of stone, commonly marble, on which to arrange the pages of a book, newspaper, etc, before printing; called also imposing stone. Stone is used adjectively or in composition with other words to denote made of stone, containing a stone or stones, employed on stone, or, more generally, of or pertaining to stone or stones; as, stone fruit, or stone-fruit; stone-hammer, or stone hammer; stone falcon, or stone-falcon. Compounded with some adjectives it denotes a degree of the quality expressed by the adjective equal to that possessed by a stone; as, stone-dead, stone-blind, stone-cold, stone-still, etc. Atlantic stone, ivory. "Citron tables, or Atlantic stone." . Bowing stone. Same as Cromlech. Meteoric stones, stones which fall from the atmosphere, as after the explosion of a meteor. Philosopher's stone. See Philosopher. Rocking stone. See Rocking-stone. Stone age, a supposed prehistoric age of the world when stone and bone were habitually used as the materials for weapons and tools; called also flint age. The bronze age succeeded to this. Stone bass, any animal that bores stones; especially, one of certain bivalve mollusks which burrow in limestone. See Lithodomus, and Saxicava. <botany> Stone bramble See Stone roller, above. A cyprinoid fish (Exoglossum maxillingua) found in the rivers from Virginia to new York. It has a three-lobed lower lip; called also cutlips. To leave no stone unturned, to do everything that can be done; to use all practicable means to effect an object. Origin: OE. Ston, stan, AS. Stan; akin to OS. & OFries. Sten, D. Steen, G. Stein, Icel. Steinn, Sw. Sten, Dan. Steen, Goth. Stains, Russ. Stiena a wall, Gr, a pebble. 167. Cf. Steen. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| stone basket | An instrument passed through an endoscope to capture and extract urinary calculi. (05 Mar 2000) |
| stone cell | Type of sclerenchyma cell that differs from the fibre cell by not being greatly elongated. Often occurs singly (an idioblast) or in small groups, giving rise to a gritty texture in, for instance, the pear fruit, where it is known as a stone cell. May also occur in layers, for example in hard seed coats. (18 Nov 1997) |
| stone heart | Irreversible contraction of the left ventricle of the heart as a complication seen in the early period of cardiopulmonary bypass and now avoided by appropriate cardioplegic solutions. Synonym: myocardial rigor mortis, stone heart. (05 Mar 2000) |
| dental stone |
A hemihydrate of gypsum divided into four classes according to the qualities resulting from differing methods of preparation. It is used in dentistry in the preparation of models and study casts.
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제품명 |
판매사 |
보험코드 | 성분/함량 | 구분/보험급여 |
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제품명 |
판매사 |
보험코드 | 성분/함량 | 구분/보험급여 |
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