| 영문 | Gram stain | 한글 | 그람염색 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 미생물을 염색하는 방법 중의 하나. 1884년 덴마크의 의사 H.C.J. 그람(1853~ 1938)이 고안한 특수 염색법이다. 이 염색법을 사용하면 미생물은 양성균과 음성균의 2무리로 크게 나뉜다. 염색법은 균을 유리면에 바르고 가열 고정한다. 젠시안바이오렛, 크리스탈 바이오렛, 메틸바이오렛 등 파라로즈 아닐린계 색소의 어느 하나를 사용하여 우선 염색하고 이어서 루골액을 작용시킨 뒤, 에탄올 또는 아세톤으로 탈색한다. 이때 탈색되지 않고 보라색을 타나내는 것을 그람양성균이라 부르며, 포도알균-폐렴알균-사슬알균 등이 대표적인 예이다. 탈색되면 그람음성균이라 부르며, 대장균-녹농균 등이 있다. 최후에 사프라닌, 푹신 등 적색계의 색소액으로 후염색을 한다. 미생물의 감별에 중요한 염색법이며 염색성의 차이는 영양요구성, 화학요법제(항생물질 등)에 대한 감수성의 차이와도 관련되는 점이 많으므로 사용약제의 선택시에도 중요한 역할을 한다. 그람양성균과 음성균의 차이는 세균벽의 구조에 있는데, 양성균은 세포막의 바깥쪽 펩티드글리칸이라는 당단백질층의 두께가 20~80nm나 되고, 그램음성균의 펩티드글리칸 층은 2~3nm로 얇고, 다시 바깥쪽에 외막이라 부르는 층이 있다. |
||
| 영문 | contrast | 한글 | 대조 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 차이를 명확히 하기 위한 비교, 대비. 대상물의 구성 요소에 의하여 생긴 사진 또는 필름의 농도 변화에 관한 식별역. |
||
| 영문 | contrast media | 한글 | 조영제 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 방사선 촬영시에 희게 나오는 물질로 단순 방사선 촬영으로 보이지 않는 부위를 보기위해서 그 부분에 물질을 넣어서 그 부분의 모양을 나타내게 하는 물질. |
||
| AFB Stain | Acid Fast Bacilli Stain |
|---|---|
| HE stain | Hematoxylin-Eosin stain |
| WS | Waardenburg syndrome; ward secretary; Warkany syndrome; Warthin-Starry [stain]; water soluble; water... |
| DCS | decompression sickness; dense canalicular system; diffuse cortical sclerosis; dorsal column stimulat... |
| PAS | 1) Periodic Acid-Schiff Stain 2) Para-Amino-Salicyclic Acid &nbs... |
| PWS | Port Wine Stain |
|---|---|
| VEC-DIC | Video-enhanced contrast, differential interference contrast |
| CSF | Contrast Sensitivity Function |
| CS | Contrast Sensitivity |
| CE | Contrast enhanced |
Zeune's law 맹인의 수는 적도에 가까운 열대지방에서 증가한다.
zidovudin
| contrast stain | <technique> A dye used to colour one portion of a tissue or cell which remained unaffected when the other part was stained by a dye of different colour. Synonym: differential stain. (05 Mar 2000) |
|---|
| air contrast barium enema | A double contrast enema in which air is introduced after coating of the colon with a dense barium suspension for radiographic study. Synonym: air contrast barium enema. (05 Mar 2000) |
|---|---|
| air contrast enema | A double contrast enema in which air is introduced after coating of the colon with a dense barium suspension for radiographic study. Synonym: air contrast barium enema. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Allen video enhanced contrast | <procedure> A method for enhancing microscopic images pioneered by R D Allen. The digitised image has the background (an out of focus image of the same microscopic field with comparable unevenness of illumination etc.) subtracted and the contrast expanded to utilise the potential contrast range. Interestingly, it is possible to produce images of objects that are below the theoretical limit of resolution microtubules for example. (18 Nov 1997) |
| barium contrast material | This radiopaque contrast material is either swallowed or given as a enema for the purpose of demonstrating the anatomy of the gastrointestinal tract using X-rays. (27 Sep 1997) |
| radiopaque contrast | A radiopaque substance (for example metal) will be highlighted (appear white) on a plain X-ray. The use of iodine containing radiopaque contrast dyes allow enhancement of the anatomy demonstrable with conventional X-ray. (27 Sep 1997) |
| radiopaque contrast dye | A radiopaque substance (for example metal) will be highlighted (appear white) on a plain X-ray. The use of iodine containing radiopaque contrast dyes allow enhancement of the anatomy demonstrable with conventional X-ray. (27 Sep 1997) |
| radiopaque contrast material | A radiopaque substance (for example metal) will be highlighted (appear white) on a plain X-ray. The use of iodine containing radiopaque contrast dyes allow enhancement of the anatomy demonstrable with conventional X-ray. (27 Sep 1997) |
| phase-amplitude contrast | <microscopy> The separation and recombination of direct vs. Diffracted rays in a light microscope adjusted to Kohler illumination. at the lower focal plane of the condenser there is an annular diaphragm with an opaque central stop. Through this diaphragm rays are focused as a hollow cone onto the specimen. In the back focal plane of the objective there is a conjugate annular diaphragm (phase plate). If here the undiffracted rays are retarded (by a transparent film of proper thickness on the annulus of the phase plate), bright contrast results. If, instead, the phase-delay film is on the central spot, dark contrast results. With either a bright or a dark-contrast phase plate, the annulus is usually coated with a partially absorbing (very thin) film of silver (Zernike method) or carbon soot (Wilska method) to reduce the higher amplitude (intensity) of the undiffracted rays. (05 Aug 1998) |
| phase contrast | <microscopy> An optical method devised by F. Zernike for converting the focused image of a phase object (one with differences in refractive index or optical path but not in absorbance), which ordinarily is not visible in focus, into an image with good contrast. (05 Aug 1998) |
| phase-contrast microscope | <instrument> A specially constructed microscope that has a special condenser and objective containing a phase-shifting ring whereby small differences in index of refraction are made visible as intensity or contrast differences in the image; particularly useful for examining structural details in transparent specimens such as living or unstained cells and tissues. (05 Mar 2000) |
| phase contrast microscopy | <investigation> A simple nonquantitative form of interference micoscopy of great utility in visualising live cells. Small differences in optical path length due to differences in refractive index and thickness of structures are visualised as differences in light intensity. (18 Nov 1997) |
| microscopy, phase-contrast | A form of interference microscopy in which variations of the refracting index in the object are converted into variations of intensity in the image. This is achieved by the action of a phase plate. (12 Dec 1998) |
| colour-contrast microscope | <instrument> A type of microscope in which the condenser stop is of one colour and the annulus is a complement of it so that unstained objects are observed in one colour on a field of the other. (05 Mar 2000) |
| contrast | A dye injected intravenously during X-ray studies, for example CT, to enhance the image of a tumour. In MR studies, the contrast is called gadolinium. The use of contrast may rarely result in some adverse effects: it also increases the cost (but also accuracy in many cases) of the scan. (16 Dec 1997) |
| contrast agent | A substance that is introduced into or around a structure and, because of the difference in absorption of X-rays by the contrast medium and the surrounding tissues, allows radiographic visualisation of the structure. (18 Nov 1997) |
제품명 |
판매사 |
보험코드 | 성분/함량 | 구분/보험급여 |
|---|
제품명 |
판매사 |
보험코드 | 성분/함량 | 구분/보험급여 |
|---|