| confounding | 1. A situation in which the effects of two or more processes are not separated; the distortion of the apparent effect of an exposure on risk, brought about by the association with other factors that can influence the outcome. 2. A relationship between the effects of two or more causal factors observed in a set of data, such that it is not logically possible to separate the contribution of any single causal factor to the observed effects. (05 Mar 2000) |
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| confounding factor | <epidemiology> Factors that can cause or prevent the outcome of interest, are not intermediate variables, and are not associated with the factor(s) under investigation. They give rise to situations in which the effects of two processes are not separated, or the contribution of causal factors cannot be separated, or the measure of the effect of exposure or risk is distorted because of its association with other factors influencing the outcome of the study. (03 Jul 1999) |
Synonyms : Confounding Factor, Epidemiologic, Confounding Variables, Confounding Factor (Epidemiology), Confounding Factors, Epidemiologic, Confounding Variable, Epidemiologic Confounding Factor, Epidemiologic Confounding Factors, Factor, Confounding (Epidemiology)
| confounding variable |
A variable that is not controlled in a research investigation. In an experiment, the experimental groups differ on both the independent variable and the confounding variable.
Ãâó: highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0072523425/student_...
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| confounding |
interference by a third variable so as to distort the association being studied between two other variables, because of a strong relationship with both of the other variables; a relationship between two causal factors such that their individual contributions cannot be separated.
Ãâó: www.mercksource.com/pp/us/cns/cns_health_library.j...
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| confounding v. |
confounder.
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| confounding by indication |
1. The bias introduced into a study when a variable is a risk factor for a disease among nonexposed persons, even though the risk factor is not an intermediate step in the causal pathway between the exposure and the di
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| confounding variable |
A variable that can cause or prevent the outcome of interest, is not an intermediate variable, and is associated with the factor under investigation. A confounding variable may be due to chance or bias. Unless it is possible to adjust for confounding variables, their effects cannot be distinguished from those of factor/s being studied.
Ãâó: www.cefpas.it/ebm/tools/glossary.htm
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| confounding | that confounds or contradicts or confuses |
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