| CMR | cardiomodulorespirography; cerebral metabolic rate; chief medical resident; common medical record; c... |
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| HCPCS | Health Care Financing Administration common procedural collecting system; Health Care Financing Admi... |
| ln | natural logarithm |
| log | logarithm |
| pK | negative logarithm of the dissociation constant; plasma potassium |
| LOD | Logarithm of odds |
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| LogMAR | Logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution |
| LOD | logarithm of the odds |
| BCMV | Bean common mosaic virus |
| c | Common |
| logarithm | <mathematics> One of a class of auxiliary numbers, devised by John Napier, of Merchiston, Scotland (1550-1617), to abridge arithmetical calculations, by the use of addition and subtraction in place of multiplication and division. The relation of logarithms to common numbers is that of numbers in an arithmetical series to corresponding numbers in a geometrical series, so that sums and differences of the former indicate respectively products and quotients of the latter; thus 0 1 2 3 4 Indices or logarithms 1 10 100 1000 10,000 Numbers in geometrical progression Hence, the logarithm of any given number is the exponent of a power to which another given invariable number, called the base, must be raised in order to produce that given number. Thus, let 10 be the base, then 2 is the logarithm of 100, because 10^2 = 100, and 3 is the logarithm of 1,000, because 10^3 = 1,000. Arithmetical complement of a logarithm, the difference between a logarithm and the number ten. Binary logarithms. See Binary. Common logarithms, or Brigg's logarithms, logarithms of which the base is 10; so called from Henry Briggs, who invented them. Gauss's logarithms, tables of logarithms constructed for facilitating the operation of finding the logarithm of the sum of difference of two quantities from the logarithms of the quantities, one entry of those tables and two additions or subtractions answering the purpose of three entries of the common tables and one addition or subtraction. They were suggested by the celebrated German mathematician Karl Friedrich Gauss (died in 1855), and are of great service in many astronomical computations. Hyperbolic, or Napierian, logarithms, those logarithms (devised by John Speidell, 1619) of which the base is 2.7182818; so called from Napier, the inventor of logarithms. Logistic or Proportionallogarithms. Origin: Gr. Word, account, proportion + number: cf. F. Logarithme. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
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| carotid artery, common | The two principal arteries supplying the structures of the head and neck. They ascend in the neck, one on each side, and at the level of the upper border of the thyroid cartilage, each divides into two branches, the external (carotid artery, external) and internal (carotid artery, internal) carotid arteries. (12 Dec 1998) |
| migraine, common | Migraine without aura. The most frequent type, accounting for about 80-85% of migraines. See migraine. (12 Dec 1998) |
| cold, common | A viral upper respiratory tract infection. A contagious illness caused by a number of different types of viruses. Because of the great number of viruses that can cause a cold, the body never builds up resistance (immune) against all of them. For this reason, colds are a frequent and recurring problem. In fact, preschool children average 9 colds a year; those in kindergarten, 12 colds a year; and adolescents and adults, 7 colds per year. Going out into the cold weather has no effect on the spread of a cold. Antibiotics do not help the common cold. (12 Dec 1998) |
| common acute lymphoblastic leukaemia | <haematology, oncology> A sub-type of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia affecting cells early in the B lymphocyte lineage which accounts for about 80% of all acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. Origin: Gr. Haima = blood (13 Nov 1997) |
| common antigen | Cross reacting antigen (epitope), a common antigen that occurs in 2 or more different molecules/organisms. Synonym: heterogenic enterobacterial antigen. (05 Mar 2000) |
| common baldness | Hair loss in women that may be associated with aging, hormones (androgens) or genetic predisposition. The pattern of baldness in women is different from that of men. In women there is thinning of the hair all over the scalp, but the frontal hairline is maintained. The hair loss is usually permanent. Treatment has been successful with topical minoxidil in some cases. (27 Sep 1997) |
| common basal vein | <anatomy, vein> The tributary to the inferior pulmonary vein (right and left) that receives blood from the superior and inferior basal veins. Synonym: vena basalis communis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| common bile duct | <anatomy> A duct that carries bile from the liver and gallbladder to the duodenum (first part of the small intestine). (27 Sep 1997) |
| common bile duct calculi | The presence of gallstones in the common bile duct. It is usually the result of passage of gallstones formed in the gallbladder into the common duct. Less commonly, stones form in a duct behind an obstruction caused by a stricture or ampullary stenosis. Stone type helps to determine site of origin: cholesterol or black pigment stones more likely form in the gallbladder, while almost all brown pigment stones in patients from western countries form in the bile ducts. (12 Dec 1998) |
| common bile duct diseases | Diseases of the common bile duct, vater's ampulla, or oddi's sphincter. (12 Dec 1998) |
| common bile duct neoplasms | Neoplasms of the common bile duct including vater's ampulla and oddi's sphincter. (12 Dec 1998) |
| common carotid artery | <anatomy, artery> Origin, right from brachiocephalic, left from arch of aorta; runs upward in the neck and divides opposite upper border of thyroid cartilage (C-4 vertebral level) into terminal branches, external and internal carotid. Synonym: arteria carotis communis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| common carotid plexus | An autonomic plexus accompanying the artery of the same name formed by fibres from the middle cervical ganglion. Synonym: plexus caroticus communis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| common cold | A viral upper respiratory tract infection. A contagious illness caused by a number of different types of viruses. Because of the great number of viruses that can cause a cold, the body never builds up resistance (immune) against all of them. For this reason, colds are a frequent and recurring problem. In fact, preschool children average 9 colds a year; those in kindergarten, 12 colds a year; and adolescents and adults, 7 colds per year. Going out into the cold weather has no effect on the spread of a cold. Antibiotics do not help the common cold. (12 Dec 1998) |
| common logarithm | a logarithm to the base 10 |
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